大学英语六级模拟试卷323(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语六级模拟试卷323 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. Writing 2. Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 3. Listening Comprehension 4. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 6. Error Correction 8. Translation

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

1． Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Job Problems for College Graduates. Study the following charts carefully and your com position must be based on the information given in the charts. Write to:state the changes in college graduates’ choices of careers;(2) give possible reasons for the changes;(3) suggest some solutions to the problem.Your composition should be no less than 150 words. Please write neatly.

正确答案： JOB PROBLEMS FOR COLLEGE GRADUATES Each year thousands upon thousands of graduates flood into the job market, waving their college diplomas and certificates, expecting better jobs in their specialized fields, only to be frustrated and disappointed. According to the charts, only 35 per cent of graduates in 2006 could find jobs related to their majors, compared with per cent in 1981 when China had its first college graduates after the Cultural Revolution. Why do college graduates find it increasingly difficult to get a satisfactory and rewarding job? One reason perhaps is that many colleges and universities fail to gear their curricula to the development of industries. Degree courses offered in many colleges and universities are so outdated and irrelevant and impractical that employers as well as students themselves find it hard to translate their book knowledge into real job skills. No employers want to know about their mind-broadening and horizon-widening qualities, and few arc willing to spend time and budget training raw recruits. Secondly, there is an oversupply of graduates with a certain specialty, and this oversupply is increasing. Already there is an overabundance of lawyers, executive secretaries, sales engineers and other specialists. Yet colleges and graduate schools continue every year to turn out more graduates of these specialties to compete for jobs that aren’t there. The result is that many of them cannot enter the professions for which they are trained and have to take other jobs which even do not require a college degree. On the other hand, there is tremendous need for teachers, research workers and public officials. But the disparity in pay between intellectual work and business management has frustrated the hope and ambition of graduates who major in education, administration and liberal arts. College graduates are, so to speak, valuable resources in our country and no one has the right to waste the wealth of talent. The problems they encounter in job hunting deserve more attention from the colleges and the government. The colleges should get students out of the ivory tower and gear their courses to the real needs of industry and business; while the government should provide college graduates with more vocational opportunities,

better’ working conditions and decent salaries so that more and more graduates would like to devote their life to academic studies and scientific research.

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.

Super-kids and Super Problems —By David Elkind Not so long ago, most parents wanted their kids to be like everybody else. They were often as upset if a child were precocious (早熟的) as they were if the child were slow. Precocity was looked upon as being bad for the child’s psychological health. The assumption was “early ripe, early rot.” Now that has changed. For many parents today there is no such thing as going too fast, and their major concern is that their child stay ahead of the pack (一群伙伴). Far from presuming that precocity has bad effects psycho logically, they believe that being above the norm brings many benefits. The assumption’ is “early ripe, early rich!” The major consequence of this new parenting psychology is that many contemporary parents are putting tremendous pressure on children to perform at ever-earlier ages. A first-grade teacher told me that an angry mother screamed at her because she had given the woman’s son a “Satisfactory.” “How is he ever going to get into M. I.T. if you give him a ‘Satisfactory? ‘“ the mother wailed. Many parents now enroll their child in prestigious nursery schools as soon as the pregnancy is confirmed. And once the child is old enough, they coach the child for the screening interview. “When they count everything in sight,” one nursery school director said, “you know they have been drilled before the interview.” Parents believe that only if the child gets into this or that prestigious nursery school will he or she ever have a chance at getting into Harvard, Yale, or Stanford. For the same reason, our elementary schools are suddenly filled with youngsters in enriched and accelerated programs. It is not just in academic study that children are being pushed harder at ever-earlier ages. Some parents start their preschool children in sports such as tennis and swimming in hopes that they will become Olympic athletes. A young man who attended one of my child development lectures stopped by afterward to ask me a question. He works as a tennis instructor at an exclusive resort hotel in Florida and wanted to know how to motivate his students. When I asked how old they were he told me that they ranged in age from three to five years! The pressure to make ordinary children exceptional has become almost an epidemic in sports. I had high hopes for soccer, which can be played by all makes and models of children, big, small, and in between. But in most states soccer has become as competitive and selective as baseball, football, and hockey. The star mentality prevails, and the less talented youngster simply doesn’t get to participate. Play is out and competition is in. The pressure for exceptionality is equally powerful at the secondary level. High school students are pressured not only to get good grades but to

get into as many advanced-placement classes as possible. Around the country private tutoring centers are sprouting up like dandelions (蒲公英) in the spring, offering lessons in everything from beginning reading to taking college entrance exams. Other parents urge their children to start dating at an early age so that they will have good interpersonal skills and a better chance to win the most eligible mates. Clearly, there is nothing wrong with wanting children to do their best. It is not the normal, healthy desire of parents to have successful children that is the problem, but the excessive pressure some parents are putting on children. Why this push for excellence? Since parents today are having fewer children their chances of having “a child to be proud of” are lower than when families were larger. The cost of child rearing has also increased dramatically, so a successful child also protects one’s investment. But most of all, many of today’s parents have carved out their own’ successful careers and feel very much in charge of their lives. They see no reason they should not take charge of child rearing in the same manner and with the same success. A successful child is the ultimate proof of their success. The result is that many parents are far too intrusive. By deciding what and when children should learn, they rob them of the opportunity to take the initiative, to take responsibility for their mistakes and credit for their achievements. Such practices run the risk of producing children who are de pendent and lacking in self-esteem. Today’s parents want super-kids, but what they are often getting are super problems. Although correlation (相互关系) is certainly not causation (因果关系), it is hard not to connect the reported increase in stress symptoms over the last decade with the pressure on today’s children to be super-kids. The stories I hear as I travel about the country are frightening. A girl who was involved in four different out-of-school activities (ballet, horseback riding, Brownies (年女童子军), and music lessons) developed severe facial tics (抽搐) at age eight. Irving Sigel of Educational Testing Service tells the story of a six-year old who, while doing her homework, asked her mother, “If I don’t get there right, will you kill me?” A woman told me that her seven-year-old grandson ran away from home (and all the after-school lessons) and came to her house, where he could have milk and cookies and play with the dog. One mother asked me if I could cure her six-year-old son of his nail biting by hypnosis or by teaching him relaxation. When I suggested that a less demanding extracurricular (课外的) program might help, she replied, “Oh no, we can’t do that.” Such child behavior problems are symptomatic (表明……症状的) of our times. Our trouble is that we always seem to go to extremes. Parents are either too permissive (宽容的) or too pushy (一意孤行的). Healthy child rearing demands a middle ground. Certainly we need to make demands on our children. But they have to be tailored to the child’s interests and abilities. We put our children at risk for short-term stress disorders and long-term personality .problems when we ignore their individuality and impose our own priorities “for their own good.” I believe that we need to abandon the false notions that we can create exceptional children by early instruction, and that such children are symbols of our competence as parents. And I believe we should be as concerned with character as with success. If we have reared a well-mannered, good, and de cent person, we should take pleasure and pride in that fact. More likely than

not, if we have achieved those goals, the child’s success will take care of it self. Each child has a unique pattern of qualities and abilities that makes him or her special. In this sense, every single child is a super-kid.

2． Many parents today assume that their children will be in an advantageous position if they start striving competitively for excellence at an early age.

A．Y B．N C．NG

正确答案：A

3． Many people now prefer the saying “early ripe, early rich” to the saying “early ripe, early rot.”

A．Y B．N C．NG

正确答案：B

4． Many parents are pushing their children prematurely into adulthood and at ever-earlier ages they have to work hard to excel not only in academic study, but in sports and social life as well.

A．Y B．N C．NG

正确答案：A

5． The push for excellence is powerful all the way through to higher education. A．Y B．N C．NG

正确答案：C

6． ______, ______, and ______ are some factors that lead parents to pursue a competitive approach to child rearing.

正确答案：Smaller chances of having a child to feel proud of/higher cost of child rearing/eagerness to take charge of child rearing

7． Most probably the word “intrusive” means ______.

正确答案：pushy 8． Pushing a child to be a competitive high achiever at an early age will result in such negative long-term consequences as _______, ______, and ______.

正确答案：stress disorders/personality problems/behavior problems

9． The author supports his belief in the “consequences” of parental pressure by ______.

正确答案：demonstrating cause or effect through examples 10． The author strongly believes that parents should care as much about ______ as with ______.

正确答案：character/success

11． According to the author, a child with ______ is an exceptional child by itself.

正确答案：a unique pattern of qualities and abilities

Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)

Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.

听力原文：W: I’m sorry you failed the physics course, Todd.M: Let’s face it. I’m just not cut out to be a scientist.Q: What do we learn about Todd?

12．

A．He’s upset because he has cut himself.

B．He can’t face the physics instructor any longer. C．He wants the woman to cut out science courses. D．He doesn’t have the ability to be a scientist.

正确答案：D

听力原文：W: I certainly would like to buy the brown suit I saw in the department store, but don’t have enough money.M: Well, if you would budget your money more carefully, you would be able to buy it.Q: How does the man feel about

the woman?

13．

A．She should be careful about her money. B．She should buy the brown suit.

C．She should find another job to make more money. D．She shouldn’t buy the brown suit.

正确答案：A

听力原文：W: If we hurry we can take the express train and save an hour, couldn’t we?M: Yes. The express takes only three hours to get to New York.Q: How long does it take the local train to get to New York?

14．

A．One hour. B．Two hours. C．Three hours. D．Four hours.

正确答案：D

听力原文：W: Tom, there is something wrong with my bike. Will you please fix it fox me now?M: Sorry. I’ve got my hands full.Q: What’s Tom’s problem?

15．

A．He has hurt his hand. B．He can’t fix it.

C．He is very busy at the moment.

D．He wants the woman to give him a hand.

正确答案：C

听力原文：M: Would you go to the tennis court with me if it doesn’t rain?W: No. It’s very hot outside and I burn easily.Q: Why won’t the woman go to the tennis court?

16．

A．It’s raining.

B．She doesn’t like playing tennis. C．She doesn’t want to get sunburned. D．It’s a hot day.

正确答案：C

听力原文：W: I don’t know what the problem is. You’d better give mc the works.M: Okay. I’ll change the oil and check the brake.Q: Whom is she talking to?

17．

A．A plumber.

B．An automobile mechanic. C．A doctor. D．A hair stylist.

正确答案：B

听力原文：M: Isn’t that the umbrella I lent you last week?W: I’m afraid I’m very bad at returning things.Q: What describes the woman’s emotion?

18．

A．Apologetic. B．Grateful.

C．Disappointed. D．Angry.

正确答案：A

听力原文：M: You’ve been here three years. Have you had much of a chance to travel?W: Not much. Last year I planned to go to Yellow Stone Park in December, but I had to postpone the trip. Then a few months later, I finally made it there.Q: When did the woman go to Yellow Stone Park?

19．

A．Three years ago. B．This year. C．Last year. D．In December.

正确答案：B

听力原文：W: Hello.M: Hi, Sarah, this is Mike.W: Great to hear from you Mike! How have you been doing these days?M: To tell you the truth, I’m very worried about our final examinations next month. For one thing, I’m suffering from insomnia. I can’t fall asleep, even after I’ve swallowed some sleeping pills.W: I sympathize! I went through the same thing last year.M: That’s exactly why I’m calling you. Do you have any suggestions for coping with anxiety? You know how I hate exams!W: Well, take a walk or have a shower before you go to sleep.M: I have tried. All seems to be of no use.W: OK. I know, last year the university offered a stress-management course at about this time. Have you been in contact with the student health services?M: No, I have always been pressed for time!W: Funny, isn’t it? Just when students need help most, we can’t afford the time to get it!M: Well, perhaps I should find out more about this stress-management course. Things have got to get better!W: I suggest you call the health services tomorrow. They open at nine a. m.M: Thanks, Sarah. I’ll let you know how it goes.W: Best of luck! And have a good night’s sleep!M: That’s easier said than

done! Thank you just the same.

20．

A．He failed his last test. B．He can’t find his watch.

C．He’s taking examinations soon. D．He missed his medical checkup.

正确答案：C

21．

A．She is a medical student. B．She is older than he is.

C．She has been through a similar experience. D．She has a sense of humor.

正确答案：C

22．

A．He has never heard of them. B．He didn’t have their number. C．He hasn’t had the time. D．He couldn’t afford the fee.

正确答案：C

听力原文：W: Mark really needs to see this article in Psychology Weekly.M: Why? What’s it on?W: Reasons for negative behavior patterns—like habitual lateness...M: You’re right. That’s Mark. He’s never on time. So what does it say?W: That people who are always late often do it for a reason—either conscious or unconscious. It could be an expression of anger and resentment—or a way of resisting authority. It could even be anxiety.M: Well, I don’t know. In Mark’s case, I think it’s because he wants to be noticed.W: That’s the next reason in the article—the need for attention. They give the example of movie stars who used to make these grand entrances.M: That’s not really Mark’s style though—he’s so quiet.W: What gets me is that he’s late for his friends all the time—but not for other things, like work.M: Well...but they might deduct pay for that.W: Exactly. You know, sometimes I’m tempted to tell him to come at, say, seven, and everybody else at 7: 15. Then maybe we wouldn’t have to wait so long.M: We have to try something. You know, he confessed to me one day that he was even late for his sister’s wedding. She was really angry.W: I remember that. He was in the wedding so they couldn’t start until he got there.M: Maybe you should slip that magazine under his door. And hope he gets the message.

23．

A．A comparison of unconscious behavior patterns. B．Recent trends in psychology.

C．Reasons for certain behavior problems. D．Causes of anxiety.

正确答案：C

24．

A．He feels angry. B．He wants attention. C．He’s too quiet. D．He’s very nervous.

正确答案：B

25．

A．He’s late for social occasions but not for work.

B．He’s a quiet person but likes to make grand entrances. C．He expects others to be on time but is usually late himself. D．He loses pay for being late to work but doesn’t seem to mind.

正确答案：A

26．

A．Trying to get Mark to talk about his problem.

B．Helping Mark relax and be more comfortable in a group. C．Waiting fifteen minutes and then leaving without Mark. D．Telling Mark to come earlier than the planned meeting time.

正确答案：D

Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.

听力原文： Current studies show that what goes on labels is an important consideration for manufacturers, since more than seventy percent of shoppers read food labels when considering whether to buy a product. A recent controversy as to whether labels on prepared foods should educate or merely inform the consumer is over, and a consumer group got its way. The groups had maintained that product labels should do more than simply list how many grams of nutrients a food contains. Their contention was that labels should also list the percentage of a day’s total nutrients that the product will supply to the consumer, because this information is

essential in planning a healthy diet. A government agency disagreed strongly, favoring a label that merely informs the consumer, in other words, a label that only lists the contents of the product. The agency maintained that consumers could decide for themselves if the food is nutritious and is meeting their daily needs. The consumer group, in supporting its case, had cited a survey in which shoppers were shown a food label, and were then asked if they would need more or less of a certain nutrient after eating a serving of this product. The shoppers weren’t able to answer the question easily when they were not given a specific percentage. This study and others helped get the new regulation passed, and now food pr6ducts must have the more detailed labels.

27．

A．Whether it is necessary to put labels on prepared foods. B．What the daily requirements for certain nutrients should be. C．How to get consumers to read labels more carefully.

D．What information food manufactures should provide to consumers.

正确答案：D

解析：选项和主题有关。Current studies show that what goes on labels is an important consideration for manufacturers... 文章一开始就指出这场争论是关于食品标签是否应该给顾客提供更详细的信息。

28．

A．Stricter standards for food preparation. B．More detailed labels on food.

C．Removing certain foods from the market. D．Regular testing of food products.

正确答案：B 解析：选项和细节有关。从The groups had maintained that product labels should do more than simply list how many grams of nutrients a food contains... labels should also list the percentage of a day’s total nutrients that the product will supply to the consumer...可以得知消费者团

29．

A．To demonstrate that current consumer trends are stable. B．To compare current consumer trends to those of the past.

C．To indicate that most consumers actively research the products they buy. D．To show that there has been a decrease in consumer awareness.

正确答案：C

解析：选项和目的原因有关，从since more than seventy percent of shoppers read food labels when considering whether to buy a product．可以得知是因为大多数顾客是在了解了所购买食品的成分之后才决定购买的。只有C与之相符。

听力原文： Are you aware that you actually possess six senses? The sixth is a muscular sense responsible for directing your muscles intelligently—to the exact extent necessary for each action you perform. For example, when you reach for an object, the sensory nerves linking the muscles to the brain stop your hand at the correct spot. This automatic perception of the position of your muscles in relation to the object is your muscular sense in action. Muscles are stringy bundles of fibers varying from one five-thousandth of an inch to about three inches. They have three unique characteristics: they can become shorter and thicker; they can stretch; and they can retract to their original positions. Under a high powered microscope, muscle tissue is seen as long, slender cells with a grainy texture like wood. More than half of a person’s body is composed of muscle fibers, most of which are involuntary--in other words, work without conscious direction. The voluntary muscles, those that we move consciously to perform particular actions, number more than five hundred. Women have only 60 to 70 percent as much muscle as men for their body mass. That is why an average woman can’t lift as much, throw as far, or hit as hard as an average man.

30．

A．It means that one always knows what his muscles are doing. B．It means that one performs simple actions without working.

C．It means that one’s muscles are used only to the extent necessary for each action they perform.

D．It means that one improves muscular action consciously.

正确答案：C

解析：选项和细节有关。本题是细节题。从your muscles intelligently—to the exact extent necessary for each action you perform．可以得知C是正确答案。

31．

A．They appear to be textured like wood. B．They appear to be colored like wood. C．They appear to be smooth and red. D．They appear to be short and thick.

正确答案：A

解析：选项同they的形态有关。本题是细节题。从Under a high powered microscope, muscle tissue is seen as long, slender cells with a grainy texture like wood．可以得知A是正确答案。

32．

A．Because she has more voluntary muscles than an average man.

B．Because 30 to 40 percent less muscle for her body mass than a man. C．Because 60 to 70 percent less muscle for her body mass. D．Because less muscle fiber for her body weight.

正确答案：B

解析：选项和原因有关。从Women have only 60 to 70 percent as much muscle as men for their body mass．可以推算出结果，得知B符合题意。

听力原文： Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Even a writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child—or even an animal, such as a pigeon—can learn to recognize faces. We all take this ability for granted. We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone’s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others. Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone’s personality in words is somewhat easier than describing that person’s face. If you were asked to describe what a nice face looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a nice person, you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate, friendly, warm, and so forth. There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. Gordon Allport, an American psychologist, found nearly 18,000 English words characterizing differences in people’s behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing with such terms. People have always tried to type each other. Actors in early Greek dramas wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villain’s or the hero’s role. In fact, the words “person” and “personality” come from the Latin persona, meaning mask. Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks. But we can easily tell the good guys from the bad guys because the two types differ in appearance as well as action.

33．

A．People can learn to recognize faces. B．People have different personalities.

C．People have difficulty in describing the features of fingerprints. D．People differ from each other in facial features.

正确答案：D

解析：选项和people的细节有关。从Faces, like fingerprints, are unique．可以得知每个人的外貌是不同的。

34．

A．They can tell people apart by how they behave. B．They can type each other.

C．They can tell good people from bad ones. D．They can recognize human faces.

正确答案：D 解析：选项和他们的能力有关。本题是细节题。从even an animal can learn to recognize faces．可以得知一些动物具有能辨认人的外貌的本能。

35．

A．Ancient Greek audience. B．Movie actors. C．Psychologists.

D．Modern TV audience.

正确答案：C

解析：选项和人有关。从... an American psychologist, found nearly 18000 English words characterizing differences in people’s behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing...．可以推测出是Psychologist。

36．

A．Because people differ in their behavioral and physical characteristics. B．Because human fingerprints provide unique information. C．Because people’s behavior can be easily described in words. D．Because human faces have complex features.

正确答案：A

解析：选项和原因有关，本题是因果题。从because the two types differ in appearance as well as action．可以得知是通过外貌和行为来辨别的。

Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the

Lively argument centers around effect of public communication on audiences, not only in matters concerning public opinion on political【B1】______ , but in matters of personal life-styles and tastes,【B2】______ behavior, the judgments and dispositions of children, and possible【B3】______ to violence. Feelings regarding these matters vary greatly. Some people explain the larger effects of mass communication as generally harmless to both young and old. Many sociologists follow the theory that mass communication can【B4】______ values already accepted and【B5】______ in the culture.【B6】______ other analysts believe that mass communications provide powerful sources of informal education and persuasion. Their conclusions are drawn largely from observations that many, if not most, people in 【B7】______ societies form their personal views of the social realities beyond their immediate experience but from messages 【B8】______ through public communication. 【B9】______ These effects seem too many and short-lived to be measured effectively with current instruments.【B10】______ , although many psychologists believe that the nature of children’s play experiences is critical to their

maturation. Many surveys show that the majority of people in the world are usually satisfied with the type of mass communication available to them. Most people seem to accept what they are given without complaint.【B11】______ . Public communication is an inexpensive source of information, usually designed to reach the wide range of taste and interests.

37． 【B1】

正确答案：issues

38． 【B2】

正确答案：consumer

39． 【B3】

正确答案：inducements

40． 【B4】

正确答案：influence

41． 【B5】

正确答案：operating

42． 【B6】

正确答案：Numerous

43． 【B7】

正确答案：technological

44． 【B8】

正确答案：presented

45． 【B9】

正确答案：Current evidence indicates that the many instruments of mass communication produce varying effects upon different segments Of the audience

46． 【B10】

正确答案：Much of the enormous output on television and radio and in print is probably simply regarded as play and of little consequence in affecting adult dispositions

47． 【B11】

正确答案：Mass communication is but one area of life for most individuals, whose main concerns center on the home and daily employment

Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)

Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

Joseph Weizenbaum, professor of computer science at MIT, thinks that the sense of power over the machine ultimately corrupts the computer hacker and makes him into a not very desirable sort of programmer. The hackers are so involved with designing their program, making it more and more complex and bending it to their will, that they don’t bother trying to make it under standable to other users. They rarely keep records of their programs for the benefit of others, and they take rarely time to understand why a problem occurred. Computer science teachers say they can usually pick out the prospective hackers in their courses because these students make their homework assignments more complex than they need to be. Rather than using the simplest and most direct method, they take joy in adding extra steps just to prove their ingenuity. But perhaps those hackers know something that we don’t about the shape of things to come. “That hacker who had to be literally dragged off his chair at-MIT is now a multimillionaire of the computer industry,” says MIT professor Michael Dertouzos. “And two former hackers became the founders of the highly successful Apple home computer company.” When seen in this light, the hacker phenomenon may not be so strange after all. If, as many psychiatrists say, play is really the basis for all human activity, then the hacker games are really the preparation for future developments. Sherry Turkle, a professor of sociology at MIT, has for years been studying the way computers fit into people’s lives. She points out that the computer, because it seems to us to be so “intelligent,” so “capable,” so “human,” affects the way we think about ourselves and our ideas about what we are. She says that computers and computer toys already play an important role in children’s efforts to develop an identity by allowing them to test ideas about what is alive and what is not. “The youngsters can form as many subtle nuances and textured relation ships with the computers as they can with people,” Turkle points out.

48． What is the passage mainly concerned with?

正确答案：The different opinions .concerning the hacker phenomenon.

49． According to Prof. Weizenbaum, what led to the hackers’ strange behavior is ______.

正确答案：their strong desire to control the computer

50． In Prof. Dertouzos’ opinion, the hackers probably have ______.

正确答案：better insight into the future than other people

51． What does the phrase “to develop an identity” (Paragraph 5) mean?

正确答案：To seek a unique answer of their own (Or: To get a specific response in their own way).

52． The passage tries to convey the idea that ______.

正确答案：perhaps the hacker phenomenon is not bad at all

Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.

The concept of culture has been defined many times, and although no definition has achieved universal acceptance, most of the definitions include three central ideas: that culture is passed on from generation to generation, that a culture represents a ready-made prescription for living and for making day-to-day decisions, and, finally, that the components of a culture are accepted by those in the culture as good, and true, and not to be questioned. The eminent anthropologist George Murdock has listed seventy-three items that characterize every known culture, past and present. The list begins with Age-grading and Athletic sports, runs to Weaning and Weather Control, and includes on the way such items as Calendar, Fire making, Property Rights, and Tool making. I would submit that even the most extreme advocate of a culture of poverty viewpoint would readily acknowledge that, with respect to almost all of these items, every American, beyond the first generation immigrant, regardless of race or class, is a member of a common culture. We all share pretty much the same sports. Maybe poor kids don’t know how to play polo, and rich kids don’t spend time with stickball, but we all know baseball, and football, and basketball. Despite some misguided efforts to raise minor dialects to the status of separate tongues, we all, in fact, share the same language. There may be differences in diction and usage, but it would be ridiculous to say that all Americans don’t speak

English. We have the calendar, the law, and large numbers of other cultural items in common. It may well be true that on a few of the seventy-three items there are minor variations between classes, but these kinds of things are really slight variations on a common theme. There are other items that show variability, not in relation to class, but in relation to religion and ethnic background—funeral customs and cooking, for example. But if there is one place in America where the melting pot is a reality, it is on the kitchen stove; in thc course of one month, half the readers of this sentence have probably eaten pizza, hot pastrami, and chow mein. Specific differences that might be identified as signs of separate cultural identity are relatively insignificant within the general unity of American life; they are cultural commas and semicolons in the paragraphs and pages of American life.

53． According to the author’s definition of culture,

A．a culture should be accepted and maintained universally B．a culture should be free from falsehood and evils

C．the items of a culture should be taken for granted by people

D．the items of a culture should be accepted by well-educated people

正确答案：C

． Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．Baseball, football and basketball are popular sports in America. B．Pizza, hot pastrami, and chow mein are popular diet in America. C．There is no variation in using the American calendar. D．There is no variation in using the American language.

正确答案：D

55． It can be inferred that all the following will most probably be included in the seventy-three items except ______.

A．heir and heritage B．dream patterns

C．childrearing practices D．table manners

正确答案：B

56． By saying that “they are cultural commas and semicolons ...” the author means that commas and semicolons ______.

A．can be interpreted as subculture of American life B．can be identified as various ways of American life C．stand for work and rest in American life

D．are preferred in writing the stories concerning American life

正确答案：A

57． The main purpose of this passage is to ______.

A．prove that different people have different definitions of culture B．inform that variations exist as far as a culture is concerned C．indicate that culture is closely connected with social classes

D．show that the idea that the poor constitute a separate culture is an absurdity

正确答案：D

Every profession or trade, every art, and every science has its technical vocabulary. Different occupations, however, differ widely in the character of their special vocabularies. In trades and handicrafts, and other vocations, like farming and fishery, that have occupied great numbers of men from re mote times, the technical vocabulary, is very old. It consists largely of native words, or of borrowed words that have worked themselves into the very fibre of our language. Hence, though highly technical in many particulars, these vocabularies are more familiar in sound, and more generally understood, than most other technicalities. The special dialects of law, medicine, divinity, and philosophy have also, in their older strata, become pretty familiar to cultivated persons and have contributed much to the popular vocabulary. Yet every vocation still possesses a large body of technical terms that remain essentially foreign, even to educated speech. And the proportion has been much increased in the last fifty years, particularly in the various departments of natural and political science and in the mechanic arts. Here new terms are coined with the greatest freedom, and abandoned with indifference when they have served their turn. Most of the new coinages are confined to special discussions, and seldom get into general literature or conversation. Yet no profession is nowadays, as all professions once were, a close guild (行会). The lawyer, the physician, the man of science, the divine, associat ed freely with his fellow-creatures, and does not meet them in a merely professional way. Furthermore, what is called “popular science” makes every body acquainted with modern views and recent discoveries. Any important experiment, though made in a remote or provincial laboratory, is at once re ported in the newspapers, and everybody is soon talking about it as in the case of the Roentgen rays and wireless telegraphy. Thus our common speech is always taking up new technical terms and making them commonplace.

58． Special words used in technical discussion ______. A．never last long

B．are considered artificial language speech C．should be confined to scientific fields D．may become part of common speech

正确答案：D

59． It is true that ______.

A．an educated person would be expected to know most technical terms B．everyone is interested in scientific findings

C．the average man often uses in his own vocabulary what was once technical language not meant for him

D．various professions and occupations often interchange their dialects and jargon

正确答案：C 60． In recent years, there has been a marked increase in the number of technical terms in the terminology of

A．farming. B．sports

C．government D．fishery

正确答案：C

61． The author of the article was, no doubt ______. A．a linguist B．an essayist C．a scientist D．an attorney

正确答案：A

62． The purpose of this passage is to ______. A．be entertaining

B．describe a phenomenon C．argue a belief D．propose a solution

正确答案：B

Part V Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If y

In every city and town there arc people named as 【S1】______real estate agents who will help you find a house torent. But they may charge a fixed number of money, 【S2】______such as a month’s rent or a percentage of the year’srent, to help you find a place. Some companies pay theamounts for their

workers; others do not. If you have awork in the United States, be certain that you ask 【S3】______if your company will pay for this service or not【S4】_______after you sign any papers with a real estate agent. You 【S5】_______can also find a house by yourself by noticing “For Rent”signs and following newspaper advertisement. The signwill list a telephone number for you to call. When you rent a house, in addition to the rent,you will generally be expected to pay for what we called 【S6】_____utilities gas and electricity, heat and hot water besides for simple electrical and

other repairs. 【S7】______However, this is a good idea to be sure what the rent 【S8】______does and docs not include. As there is often the case 【S9】______with most house rentals, you will probably be expectedto have certain demands for the care of the house, such 【S10】______as grass-cutting and snow removal. For example, inmost cities, you, not the city, are responsible forclearing the walk of snow in front of the house within afew hours after each snowfall.

63． 【S1】

正确答案：named→known

． 【S2】

正确答案：number→sum/amount

65． 【S3】

正确答案：work→job

66． 【S4】

正确答案：if→whether

67． 【S5】

正确答案：after→before

68． 【S6】

正确答案：we→are

69． 【S7】

正确答案：besides→and

70． 【S8】

正确答案：this→it

71． 【S9】

正确答案：there→

72． 【S10】

正确答案：demands→responsibilities

Part VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences in the blanks by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.

73． You will find it is worthwhile __________ (和同事们保持良她的关系).

正确答案：when a problem popped up

74． I walked all the way to see her __________ (结果她去不在家).

正确答案：is not as simple as it appears

75． “It doesn’t pay to be dishonest, does it?”“ __________ (那当然啦)!

正确答案：If I had messed (it) up

76． The sales manager of this international company __________ (由于玩忽职守而被降级).

正确答案：Owing to the basic conflict of interest between them

77． I tried hard to put across my idea to him but ___________ (我所有的努力均归于无效).

正确答案：When it comes to music