大一第一册英语单词

n. a fully grown person or animal 成年人;成年动物

e.g. The adults in the family like the world news section. 3. anticipate

vt. expect 预期，期望

e.g. The police had anticipated trouble from the soccer fans and were at the ground in large numbers. 5. argument n. 论据，论点;争论

e.g. There are many arguments against smoking. 7. assignment

n. a piece of work that is given to a particular person (分配的)工作，任务，作业

e.g. I hardly ever take pictures except on assignment. 9. avoid

vt. keep or get away from 避免

e.g. The pilots had to take emergency action to avoid a disaster.

11. career

n. 生涯，事业；职业

e.g. We can learn much by reading about the careers of great men. 13. command n. , v. 命令，指令

e.g. The officer commanded his men to fire.

15. congratulation

n. (usu.pl) expression of joy for sb.'s success, luck, etc. 祝贺，恭喜

2. agony

n. very great pain or suffering of mind or body (身心的)极度痛苦

e.g. The wounded man was in agony.

4. antique n. 古物，古玩

e.g. He can tell a real antique from a fake one.

6. assign

vt. give as a share or duty 配，分派 e.g. Those rooms have been assigned to us. 8. associate

vt. join or connect together; bring in the mind 使联系起来;使联想

e.g. Through science we've got the idea of ssociating progress with future.

10. bore

vt. make (sb. ) become tired and lose interest 使(人)厌烦

e.g. I hope you're not getting bored listening to me.

12. comic

a. 滑稽的;喜剧的 n. 连环漫画(册)

e.g. Most of these trips had exciting or comic moments. 14. compose

vt. write or create (music, poetry, etc.) 创作

e.g. He teaches music and also composes music.

16. contempt n. 轻视，轻蔑

e.g. Many voters hold their politicians

e.g. We offer our congratulations on her success. 17. demonstration

n. act of showing or proving sth. 表明;证明

e.g. Can you give us a simple demonstration of gravity?

19. distribute

vt. divide and give out among people, places, etc. 分发，分配，分送

e.g. In the move most of the furniture was left to the neighbors or distributed among friends. 21. essence

n. the most important quality of a thing 本质;精髓

e.g. Accuracy is one of the essence of the English language. 23. face up to

be brave enough or accept or deal with 勇敢地接受或对付

e.g. She must face up to the fact that she is no longer young. 25. formal

a. (too) serious and careful in manner and behavior; based on correct or accepted rules 刻板的，拘谨的;正式的，正规的

e.g. Business letters are usually formal, but we write in an informal way to family members or friends. 27. hopelessly

ad. very much; without hope 十分，极度;绝望地

e.g. The story is hopelessly confusing. 29. image

in contempt.

18. discipline

n. punishment; order kept (among school-children, soldiers, etc.) 惩罚，处分;纪律

e.g. The army was criticized for its harsh discipline.

20. essay

n. 散文，小品文;论说文

e.g. The other day I came across an interesting essay on the war with Napoleon.

22. extraordinary

a. very unusual or strange 不同寻常的;奇特的

e.g. He is a man of extraordinary talents. 24. finally

ad. at last 最终，终于

e.g. Finally, I should like to thank you all for coming and to wish you a pleasant journey home. 26. hold back

prevent the expression of (feelings, ears, etc.) 控制(感情、眼泪等)

e.g. She kept trying to hold back her tears.

28. humor n. 心情;幽默，诙谐

e.g. He is in a good humor today.

30. inability

n. a picture formed in the mind 形象; 印象;(图)像

e.g. I had this image of London in my head which was totally different from what it really is. 31. inspire

vt. fill (sb.) with confidence, eagerness, etc. 激励，鼓舞

e.g. The last leaf on the tree that never fell off inspired the dying patient with the will to live on. 33. necktie n. tie 领带

e.g. He likes to wear narrow neckties.

35. open-hearted a. sincere, frank 诚挚的

e.g. He was open-hearted in his wish to help us. 37. possibility n. 可能(性)

e.g. Is there any possibility of your getting to London this week?

39. primly

ad. 刻板地，拘谨地;循规蹈矩地;整洁地 e.g. When the boss came in, all the workers were sitting there primly. 41. recall

vt. bring back to the mind; remember 回想起，回忆起

e.g. I don't recall his name or where I met him.

n. lack of power, skill or ability ，无力

e.g. Her inability to oncentrate could cause an accident.

32. jaw n. 颌，颚

e.g. Which jaw moves up and down when you talk?

34. off and on

from time to time; sometimes 断断续续地;有时

e.g. It has been raining off and on for a week.

36. out of date old-fashioned 过时的

e.g. Will denim jeans ever go out of date? 38. prim

a. (usu. disapproving) (of a person) too formal or correct in behavior and showing a dislike of anything rude; neat 古板的，拘谨的;循规蹈矩的;整洁的 e.g. Those young ladies are much too prim and proper to enjoy such a rude joke.

40. put down write down 写下

e.g. Here's my address -- put it down before you forget it. 42. recapture

vt. (lit) ring back into the mind; experience again 再现;再次经历 e.g. They took a second honeymoon and tried to recapture their earlier happiness.

43. relive

vt. experience again, esp. in one's imagination 体验，重温

e.g. That was an experience I should not like to relive. 45. respectable

a. (of behavior, appearance, etc.) socially acceptable 可敬的;体面的;文雅的 e.g. Are these clothes respectable enough for Mrs Whitehouse's party? 47. rigid

a. (often disapproving) fixed in behavior, views or methods; strict 一成不变的;严格的

e.g. My father is very rigid in his thinking. 49. seal n. 印，图章

e.g. Please put a seal on the box.

51. severe

a. completely plain; causing very great pain, difficulty, worry, etc. 朴素的;严重的，剧烈的

e.g. Shortages of staff are very severe in some places. 53. tackle

vt. try or deal with 处理，应付 e.g. I don't know how to tackle this problem. 55. tedious

a. boring and lasting for a long time 乏味的;冗长的

e.g. The tedious play put the audience to sleep.

44. reputation n. 名声;名誉

e.g. He is a man of good reputation.

46. ridicule

n. making or being made fun of 嘲笑，嘲弄;被戏弄

e.g. I know that ridicule may be a shield, but it is not a weapon. 48. scan

v. look through quickly 浏览，粗略地看 e.g. He scanned the newspaper while having his breakfast.

50. sequence

n. 一连串相关的事物; 次序，顺序 e.g. A sequence of bad harvests forced some African countries to ask for foreign aid.

52. spaghetti n. 意大利式细面条

e.g. Many people consider spaghetti as their favorite food.

. take hold

become established 生根，确立 e.g. The newly planted vines quickly took hold. 56. title

n. a name given to a book, film, etc. 标题，题目

vt. give a name to 给…加标题，加题目于 e.g. The book was first published in 1969 under the title of \"Life and Death\".

57. turn in

hand in (work that one has done) (交作业)

e.g. For your final grade, each of you must turn in a 7-page paper. 59. violate

vt. act against 违背，违反

e.g. They violated the ceasefire（停火）agreement.

1. on purpose intentionally 故意地

e.g. I came here on purpose to see you. 3. comprise

vt. have as parts or members 包含,包括;由…组成

e.g. The committee comprises men of widely different views. 5. adjust

vi. become suited (to new conditions, etc.) 适应

e.g. You can't see well through a telescope unless it is adjusted correctly to your sight. 7. in the meantime

meanwhile 在此期间;与此同时 e.g. Please find a taxi, and in the meantime I'll pack some food. 9. appeal

n. attraction; interest 感染力;吸引力 e.g. That sort of music hasn't much appeal for me. 11. represent

vt. stand for or be a sign or symbol of 代

58. turn out

produce 编写;生产，制造

e.g. The company turns out new computer games at a great rate.

60. what's more

in addition, more importantly 而且，此外;更有甚者

e.g. How can you love this man? He watches TV all day long, and what's more, he seems not to have brushed his teeth for months!

2. in advance

ahead in time 预先,事先

e.g. You must pay for the book in advance. 4. motion

vt. make a movement that tells (sb.) what to do 以动作示意

e.g. She motioned to the waiter.

6. think up

produce by thought; devise 想出;设计出 e.g. There's no knowing what he'll think up next.

8. generally

ad. usually 一般地,通常

e.g. It is generally hot in summer.

10. clash

n. fight or serious disagreement 冲突 e.g. There is a clash of views between us. 12. decent

a. honest and respectable 正派的

表;象征

e.g. We chose a committee to represent us. 13. evil

n. great wickedness a. wicked, very bad 的,极坏的 e.g. The love of money is the root of all evils. 15. assume

vt. suppose (sth.) to be a fact 假定,假设

e.g. Poor people cannot always live in decent conditions.

14. voluntary

a. acting or done willingly 自愿的;自动的 e.g. She is a voluntary worker at the hospital.

e.g. You assume that he is innocent before hearing the evidence against him. 1. a couple of 几个;一对，一双

e.g. Across the street there are a couple of police officers standing guard. 3. all the way 自始至终，一直

e.g. I am with you all the way.

2. absolutely

ad. completely 完全地,极其 absolute a. e.g. I'm absolutely starving (= very hungry). 4. apologetically

ad. showing or saying that one is sorry for some fault or wrong 道歉地,带着歉意地

e.g. Finally the boy's parents appeared and gave him a hug apologetically.

5. available

a. able to be used, had or reached 可用的;可得到的

e.g. Details of the competition are available from our head office.

6. awful

a.(infml) (used to add force) very great; very bad or unpleasant 非常的, 极大的; 可怕的，糟糕的

e.g. It was awful to see him in such pain.

7. be lost in/lose oneself in

be absorbed in, be fully occupied with 专心致志于

e.g. He was lost in thought, staring at the book in front of him. 9. cabbie

n. (infml) a taxi driver

e.g. Cabbie, how far is it to Johnson Street?

10. choke up

become too upset to speak (因激动等)哽得说不出话;堵塞 choke v. (使)窒息;堵塞 e.g. Losing my job left me completely 8. cab

n. a taxi 出租车

e.g. The cabs were lined up outside the station.

11. come up

happen, occur , esp. unexpectedly (尤指意想不到地)发生，出现

e.g. I'll let you know if anything comes up.

13. destination n. 目的地

e.g. The parcel was sent to the wrong destination.

15. every now and then sometimes, at times

e.g. I write to him every now and then. 17. go by

(of time) pass (时间)逝去 e.g. Two years went by.

19. hang out

(infml) stay in or near a place, not doing very much 闲荡;徘徊

e.g. They normally hang out in the pub.

21. keep in touch (with) (与...)保持联系，保持接触

e.g. I haven't really kept in touch with people I knew at school.

23. kid

n. (infml) a child

e.g. I am taking the kids (= my children) to the zoo this afternoon.

25. know/know by heart

choked up; I was so upset that I didn't know what to say.

12. correspondence

n. the act of writing, receiving or sending letters; letters 通信(联系);信件 e.g. His interest in writing came from a long correspondence with a close friend.

14. estimate

vt. form a judgement about 估计 e.g. We haven't estimated the proper price for the contract yet. 16. go ahead continue; begin

e.g. Could I ask you a rather personal question?\" \"Of course, go ahead.\" 18. guy n. 家伙;伙计

e.g. He's quite a nice guy when you get to know him.

20. in the distance far away

e.g. You can see the ancient ruins in the distance.

22. keep up

continue without stopping 保持 e.g. They risk losing their homes because they can no longer keep up the repayments.

24. kind/sort of

(infml) a little bit, in some way or degree 有几分,有点儿

e.g. It was kind of odd that he didn't come.

26. lose touch memorize, remember exactly 记住，能背出

e.g. The pupils were required to know the poems by heart.

27. might/may (just) as well 不妨,(也)无妨

e.g. The weather was so bad we might (just) as well have stayed at home.

29. neighborhood n. 街坊;四邻

e.g. She is well-known in the

neighborhood for her charitable（慈善的）work.

31. on one's mind 挂记在心头

e.g. She looks very worried; I wonder what is on her mind.

33. postpone

vt. delay 推迟，使延期

e.g. We're postponing our holiday until August. 35. reference

n. 提及，谈到;参考，查阅

e.g. Use this dictionary for easy reference. 37. right away at once

e.g. He wants to see you right away.

39. skip

v. 略过，跳过；跳跃

e.g. The speaker kept skipping from one subject to another.

失去联系

e.g. I am trying to get in touch with my brother; he emigrated to Australia, and I lost touch with him. 28. mostly

ad. almost all; generally 几乎全部; 多半，大体

e.g. She uses her car mostly for driving to work.

30. not much of a not a good 不太好的

e.g. He is not much of a father, but he is an outstanding professor.

32. or something

(infml) (used when you are not very sure about what you have just said) 诸如此类的事

e.g. Here's some money. Get yourself a sandwich or something.

34. practically ad. almost

e.g. The holidays are practically over; there's only one day left. 36. reunion

n. (家人、朋友、同事等久别后的)重聚 e.g. We hold an annual reunion of former students of the college. 38. shrug

v. lift (the shoulders) slightly 耸(肩) e.g. She just shrugged (her

shoulders), saying she didn't know and didn't care.

40. sorrowful

a. showing or causing sadness 伤心的，悲伤的 sorrow n.

e.g. We all share your sorrow over

41. tough

a. (infml) unfortunate; difficult; strong 不幸的;困难的;坚固的;坚强的 e.g. The government took tough measures to limit the money supply. 43. urge

v. try very hard to persuade 力劝，催促 e.g. They urged us to give our support.

1. let down

disappoint; fail to help 使失望；不帮助 e.g. I am counting on you to support me; don't let me down. 3. uneasy

a. feeling anxious or uncertain 不安的，担心的

e.g. I am uneasy about this decision. 5. stuff

n. matter; material 东西；原料 e.g. What is this sticky stuff on the floor? 7. swing

(swung) v. (使)突然转向

e.g. The sigh was swinging in the wind.

9. extent n. 程度，范围

e.g. I have reached the extent of my patience.

11. in bad/good shape

in bad/good physical condition 身体状况差(好)

this sad loss.

42. unpack

v. take out (things) from (a suitcase, etc.) 打开

e.g. Have you unpacked (your clothes/ your suitcase) yet? 44. windshield

n. (AmE) the glass window in the front of a car, truck, etc. (汽车的)挡风玻璃 e.g. Since I couldn't find my friend, I wrote him a note and stuck it on the windshield of his car.

2. peer

vi. look closely or carefully 仔细看 e.g. He peered at me over the top of his glasses. 4. get rid of

destroy；become free of 消灭；除去 e.g. I have tried all sorts of medicines to get rid of this cold. 6. soak

v. become or make completely wet (使)浸透

e.g. Leave the dirty clothes to soak. 8. drag

vt. pull (sth. or sb.) along with effort and difficulty 拖，拉，拽

e.g. The protesters were dragged away by the police.

10. worse still 更糟糕的是

e.g. He may be late or, worse still, he may not come at all. 12. despair n. 绝望

e.g. Defeat after defeat filled us with

e.g. She's been working too hard and she's in pretty bad shape. 13. draw on

use part of a supply of 利用；动用 e.g. A writer has to draw on his imagination and experience. 15. highlight

despair.

14. rescue n., vt. 援救，营救

e.g. A rescue team is trying to reach the trapped miners.

n. the best or most exciting or interesting part 最重要的事件；最精彩的部分 vt. give special attention to 强调，突出

e.g. Recorded highlights of today's big football game will be shown after the news. 1. accurate

a. exact 准确的，精确的 e.g. Is this watch accurate?

2. acid

a., n. 酸(性的);酸味的(物质)

e.g. Acid ionizes（电离）in solution to give the positive ion（离子）of the solvent.

3. alien

a. foreign; strange 外国的；陌生的 e.g. a resident alien（外侨）/ an alien culture

4. anyway

ad. (used to change the subject of a conversation or to support an idea or argument) anyhow 不管怎么说 e.g. I shall go and see him anyway.

5. astronomy n. 天文学

e.g. One of my classmates went to Utah to study astronomy. 7. attitude n. 看法;态度

e.g. What is the Municipal Authority's attitude to/towards the proposal of a tunnel across the river? 9. background n. 背景

e.g. This is a photo of Mary with our house in the background. 11. biology n. 生物学

12. brief

a. short; quick 简洁的;短暂的 10. basis n. 基础

e.g. What is the basis of your opinion? 8. audience n. 观众；听众；读者

e.g. A large audience crowded the concert hall. 6. at the moment now 此刻，目前

e.g. He is not here at the moment.

e.g. The biology of bacteria can be quite hard to understand. 13. bring about

make (sth.) happen 引起，导致 e.g. Some educators are hoping to bring about major changes in the educational system. 15. cartoon n. 漫画；动画片

e.g. Many adults enjoy cartoons more than children do.

17. competition n. 竞争;比赛

e.g. He was in competition with 10 others for the job.

19. contact

vt. get in touch with 与...接触 e.g. Friendly contacts between different peoples（民族）facilitate the cultural and economic interchange. 21. cut off

stop providing (sth.); remove (sth.) by cutting 切断，中断；切下，剪下 e.g. The telephone operator cut us off.

23. diagram n. 图表;图解

e.g. Draw a diagram showing how the machine works.

25. educate

vt. teach or train 教育

e.g. The writer was educated at a very good school.

e.g. To be brief (with you), we can't accept such harsh terms. 14. brutish a. 野兽般的，野蛮的

e.g. There is a brutish tribe in Amazon.

16. civilization n. 文明

e.g. It is generally accepted that the Chinese civilization is one of the oldest in the world.

18. concept n. 概念

e.g. I understand some of the concepts of the theory but I'm not sure about its details.

20. convey

vt. make (ideas, feelings, etc.) known to another 传达；表达

e.g. I will convey the information to him.

22. democratic a. 民主的

e.g. Education is the basis of a democratic society.

24. do without 没有...而设法对付过去

e.g. There was no television on the island, but we soon learned to do without.

26. element n. 成分;元素

e.g. Words are the elements of a sentence.

27. engineering n. 工程；工程学

e.g. He is studying engineering at college. 29. entertain

vt. give pleasure to; have as a guest 给...以欢乐；招待

e.g. He often entertains friends at dinner in holiday. 31. evident

a. clear, obvious 明显的

e.g. It's evident that someone has been here. 33. fiction n. 小说；虚构

e.g. He is a writer of historical fiction.35. framework n. 框架;结构

e.g. This bridge over the river has a steel framework. 37. global

a. worldwide, of the whole earth 世界的, 全球的

e.g. Michael always dreams of taking a nonstop global flight. 39. greenhouse n. 温室

e.g. Temperature and humidity（湿度）can be controlled in greenhouse for the cultivation or protection of plants. 41. harness

vt. control and make use of 驾驭; 利用 e.g. Some scientists are working hard at how tide can be harnessed to produce

28. ensure

vt. make sure 保证，确保

e.g. We can ensure that the work shall be done in the right way. 30. equation n. 等式,方程(式)

e.g. x + 2y = 7 is an equation.

32. expert n. 专家

e.g. He is an expert in cookery.

34. fit into

be part of a situation, system, etc.; be part of a group of people or things 适合；符合；属于

e.g. The new college courses fit into a national education plan.

36. genetic

a. 基因的；遗传（学）的

e.g. Genetic variance（变异）leads to the difference of individuals. 38. grasp

n. understanding 掌握,了解

e.g. Victory in the election was within her grasp.

40. halve vt. 将…减半

e.g. The new assembly line has halved the production cost.

42. hence

ad. as a result，therefore; from this time 因此;从此

e.g. It is very late; hence you must go

electricity. 43. highly ad. very 很，非常

e.g. Mr. Singh was a highly successful salesman. 45. in the form of

having the shape of; existing in a particular form 呈…的形状；以…形式 e.g. The trees were laid out in the form of the figure eight. 47. informed

a. 有知识的，了解情况的;明智的 inform vt. 告诉,通知

e.g. Science is now enabling us to make more informed choices about how we use common drugs. 49. inquiring

a. showing an interest in knowing about things 好问的, 爱探索的 inquire v. 询问

e.g. John is a boy with an inquiring mind. 51. lie in

exist or be found in 在于

e.g. The cure for the problem lies in education.

53. magic n. 魔术;魔力

e.g. The man used magic to produce six rabbits from his hat. 55. minority n. 少数

e.g. We're in the minority, more people are against us than with us. 57. moreover

to bed. 44. in terms of

从…方面（或角度）来说；按照，根据 e.g. The figures are expressed in terms of a percentage. 46. in two minds 犹豫不决；三心二意

e.g. I think she's in two minds about whether to accept his present or not.

48. initiative n. 首创精神;主动

e.g. He helped me on his own initiative.

50. inventiveness n. 发明才能，创造力

e.g. Serendipity （意外发现新奇事物的本领）has something to do with inventiveness.

52. likely

a. probable 可能的 ad. probably 可能

e.g. The train is likely to be late. (or：It's likely that the train will be late.)

. mathematical a. 数学的

e.g. He's some kind of mathematical genius. 56. molecular a. 分子的

e.g. molecular weight / a molecular structure 58. nasty

ad. 而且,再者

e.g. I don't like skating; moreover, the ice is too thin. 59. nuclear a. 原子核的;核心的

e.g. A nuclear family is a family unit that consists of father, mother, and children. 61. privileged

a. having a special advantage 有特权的 privilege n. 特权

e.g. We are privileged tonight to have Chairman of the Committee of Foreign Affairs as our distinguished guest. 63. put across

cause to be understood 解释清楚，使被理解

e.g. I'm not putting my meaning across very well. 65. qualitative a. 定性的;性质上的

e.g. We need a qualitative analysis.

67. relevance n. 相关，关联

e.g. The business has no relevance to the matter at hand. 69. risky

a. full of danger; full of the possibility of failure, loss, etc. 危险的;有风险的 e.g. Investing in airlines is a very risky business. 71. series

n. 连续；系列；系列节目

e.g. He saw a series of white arrows painted on the road.

a. very unpleasant 令人难受的

e.g. The medicine has a nasty smell and an even nastier taste. 60. precise a. exact 精确的

e.g. a precise measurement / a precise instrument

62. proportion n. 比例;部分

e.g. A large proportion of the students were sick last week.

. put/turn the clock back 倒退，开倒车

e.g. Any efforts to try to put the clock back will come to no good end.

66. rate n. 速度；比率

e.g. The world's forests are

disappearing at an even faster rate than experts had thought.

68. responsibility n. 责任

e.g. A father has many responsibilities. 70. rote

n. 死记硬背 learn by rote 死记硬背地学习 e.g. He learned the poem by rote.

72. slow down make slower 减慢

e.g. It seems likely that the economy will slow down over the next twelve

73. steady

a.constant; firm 平稳的；稳定的 e.g. There has been a steady improvement in her condition. 75. suppress

vt. keep from appearing 抑制;压制 e.g. Don't suppress your feelings when you are in love. 77. tend

vi. be likely to happen or have a particular characteristic or effect 倾向，趋向

e.g. People under stress tend to express their full range of potential. 79. truly

ad. 真正地;确实地

e.g. This is a truly beautiful picture.

1. frustrate

vt. cause (sb.) to feel discouraged or disappointed; prevent (sb.) from doing or achieving sth. 使沮丧，使灰心；使受挫折

e.g. The weather frustrated our plans. 3. step by step 逐步地;稳步地

e.g. The GNP of China has increased step by step these years. 5. gradual

a. happening or developing slowly and by degrees 渐进的，逐步的 e.g. There has been a gradual increase in the number of families owning refrigerators. 7. conclusion

months.

74. sufficient

a. as much as is needed, enough 充分的,足够的

e.g. Have you had sufficient sleep? 76. technology n. 技术

e.g. Science and technology is the uppermost productivity. 78. transistor

n. 晶体管；晶体管收音机 e.g. a transistor radio

80. weapon n. 武器

e.g. Weapon is an instrument of attack or defense in combat.

2. yield

vt. reveal; produce or provide 泄露；产生，提供

e.g. That tree yields fruit. 4. outcome n. 结果

e.g. The outcome was not what he had expected. 6. process n. 过程

e.g. Building a car is a long process. 8. propose n. 结论

e.g. I found the conclusion of her story very exciting.

9. evaluate

vt. assess 评估,评价

e.g. The research project has only been under way for three months, so it's too early to evaluate its success. 11. professional a. 专业的；职业的

e.g. For professional footballers, injuries are an occupational hazard. 13. amount n. quantity 数量

e.g. In an invoice（）the amount of money should be written both in words and in figures. 15. failure n. 失败

e.g. Failure is the mother of success.

1. abandon

vt. give up completely or forever 抛弃，放弃

e.g. When the fire got out of control, the captain told the sailors to abandon their ship. 3. after all

in spite of what has been said or done 毕竟, 终究

e.g. It has turned out to be a nice day after all. 5. amazement n. 惊愕，诧异

e.g. To my amazement I came first.

vt. put forward for consideration; suggest 提出，建议

e.g. He proposed that we should go for a walk.

10. bulk

n. the main or largest part; (largeness of) size 大部分; (巨大的)体积

e.g. The bulk of the work has been done. 12. challenge n.，vt. 挑战

e.g. Their school challenged ours to a football match. 14. wear down

(cause to) become smaller, weaker, etc. (使)变小，变少，变弱

e.g. We wore down the enemy's resistance. 16. somehow

ad. in some way; by some means; for some reason that is not clear 以某种方式；由于某种未弄清的原因 e.g. She somehow got lost.

2. above all

most important of all 最重要的是 e.g. And above all, remember to send us your comments.

4. amaze

vt. surprise (sb.) very much 使惊愕，使诧异

e.g. Your knowledge amazes me.

6. amuse

vt. cause to laugh or smile; cause to spend time in a pleasant manner 逗乐，

7. apprentice n. 学徒

e.g. The company is taking on four new apprentices. 9. assume

vt. suppose 假设；以为

e.g. If he's not here in five minutes, we'll assume (that) he isn't coming. 11. balance n. 平衡；余额

e.g. I found it hard to keep my balance on the icy path. 13. basement n. 地下室

e.g. She lives in a basement. 15. capacity

n. the ability to understand or do sth. 能力，才能

e.g. He has a great capacity for enjoying himself. 17. clean up

make clean and tidy 打扫，清除 e.g. It's your turn to clean (the kitchen) up.

19. comprehend vt. understand fully

e.g. The child read the story but did not comprehend its full meaning. 21. create

vt. produce or make (esp. sth. new) 创造，创作

e.g. The project will create up to 60

给……提供娱乐

e.g. His silly jokes amused the children.

8. approach

v. come near/nearer to 接近

e.g. The time is approaching when we will have to leave. 10. balance sheet 资产负债表

12. banker

n. 银行家；银行高级职员 14. call on

visit (sb.) for a short time 拜访 e.g. We can call on Mary tomorrow. 16. character

n. （人的）品德；品质；性格

e.g. The twins look alike but have very different characters. 18. compliment vt. praise 赞扬 n. 赞美的言辞或行为

e.g. I must compliment you on the way you handled the meeting.

20. confidence n. 信心

e.g. She's a good student but she lacks confidence. 22. damn

a., n. (infml) (usu. used in negatives) of even the smallest amount 丝毫 e.g. His promise isn't worth a damn. new jobs. 23. decimal n. 小数

e.g. You know 0.6 is a decimal because there's a decimal point between the 0 and 6. 25. diet

n. food and drink usually taken by a person or group 日常饮食

e.g. A balanced diet and regular exercise are both important for health. 27. do with

(used in questions with \"what\") 对待，处理

e.g. What have you done with my book? 29. for sale

intended to be sold 待售

e.g. This picture is only on display; it's not for sale.

31. graduate v. （使）毕业 n. （尤指大学）毕业生

e.g. She graduated from Oxford with a first-class degree in physics. 33. grinder n. 磨工

e.g. a coffee grinder

35. hardware

n. 五金器具；（计算机的）硬件 e.g. You can buy what you need in that hardware store. 37. homey

a.(infml) pleasant; like home 舒适的；像

24. determination n. 决心；决定

e.g. The police chief spoke of his determination to catch the killer.

26. discard

vt. (fml) throw away 抛弃

e.g. I've discarded my old coat. 28. driveway n. 宅旁私家车道

e.g. A driveway is a road for vehicles that connects a private house or garage with the street. 30. giant

a. of great size or force 巨大的 n. 巨人

e.g. The giant (size) package gives you more for less money.

32. grind

(ground)vt. 磨，磨碎，碾碎

e.g. We grind (up) the wheat to make flour. 34. handle

vt. manage; control 管理，处理；操纵 e.g. She didn't know how to handle the problem.

36. helpful

a. giving help; useful 有帮助的；有用的 e.g. It was very helpful of you to do that typing for me. 38. hunt v. 寻找；打猎 家一样的

e.g. a large, homey dining room 39. industrialist n. 工业家，实业家

e.g. Professor Welch is writing an essay about some great industrialists of this country. 41. integrity

n. quality of being honest and

responsible; state of being complete 正直；完整

e.g. Our integrity as a nation is threatened by these separatist forces. 43. lawn n. 草地，草坪

e.g. Let's have tea on the lawn. 45. loan

vt. lend (sth.) 借，贷 n. 贷款；借，贷

e.g. Can you loan me your tennis racket? 47. millionaire n. 百万富翁

e.g. She leads a simple life though her father is a millionaire. 49. mow

v. 修剪（草坪）；刈（草）

e.g. The grass is getting too long, we must mow the lawn.

51. optimism n. 乐观主义

e.g. There is a note of optimism in his voice. 53. pepper n. 辣椒；胡椒粉

e.g. I have hunted high and low (= everywhere) for my socks. 40. instrument n. 工具，器械，仪器

e.g. The pilot studied his instruments.

42. Italian a. 意大利的

e.g. Can you tell me something about Italian history?

44. livable

a. fit or pleasant to live in 适于居住的 e.g. The house is not livable. 46. micrometer n. 测微计，千分尺

e.g. A micrometer is an instrument for measuring very small objects.

48. mortgage n. 抵押借款，按揭

e.g. My mortgage is with a small building society. 50. odds and ends

(also: odds and sods) 零星杂物，琐碎物品

e.g. He's moved most of his stuff; there are only a few odds and ends left.

52. pass away

(euph) (esp. of a person) die 去世 e.g. She passed away in her sleep.

. personnel

n. 人事部门；全体人员，全体职员

e.g. I bought some green peppers for the salad. 55. precision

n. the quality of being exact 精密；精确（性）

e.g. Scientific instruments have to be made with great precision.

57. property

n. land, buildings or both together; sth. which is owned（房）地产；财产 e.g. That car is my property; you mustn't use it without my permission. 59. route n. 路线；路程

e.g. What's the shortest route from London to Cambridge?

61. screen

n. 纱门，纱窗；屏；荧屏

e.g. They put a screen around his bed so the doctor could examine him. 63. send for

ask for the arrival of 派人去叫，召唤；派人去取

e.g. We may have to send to Japan for the spare parts.

65. skilled

a. having skill; needing skill 熟练的，有技巧的；技术性的

e.g. We need skilled workers / workers skilled in welding for this job; it is a highly skilled job. 67. sponsor

vt. 为…做保证人；主办，发起 n. 保证人；主办者，发起人

e.g. The company's main problem is the shortage of skilled personnel. 56. principle

n. guiding rule for behavior; basic truth 信条；原则；原理

e.g. One of the principles of this dictionary is that definitions should be in simple language.

58. reluctantly ad. 勉强地

e.g. She reluctantly accepted the money.

60. rung

n.（梯子的）横档，梯级

e.g. The director made his son start on the bottom rung of the ladder as an office boy.

62. self-respect

n. proper respect for oneself 自尊;自重 e.g. She's got too much self-respect to beg her boyfriend to stay. . shed n. 小屋，棚

vt. 使脱落；使流出，散发出

e.g. The army brought down the government, but without shedding blood.

66. sometime ad. 某个时候

e.g. We'll take our holiday sometime in August, I think.

68. spot

n. a particular place; a small dirty mark 地点；斑点

e.g. The competition was sponsored by a big corporation. 69. stature n. 身材，身高；境界

e.g. She had not yet grown to (her) full stature. 71. turn away

refuse to help (sb.) or to allow (sb.) to enter a place 拒绝帮助；不让…进入 e.g. The hall was full, and hundreds of fans had to be turned away. 73. vision

n. the ability to make great plans for the future; sight; the ability to see 远见；视觉，视力

e.g. I've had my eyes tested and the optician（眼镜商）says that my vision is perfect. 75. weekly

a. happening once a week or every week 每周的；一周一次的

e.g. Are you paid weekly or monthly? 77. wreck

n. 残破物，（尤指失事船只、飞机等的）残骸

e.g. The car was a total wreck. 1. surroundings n. 环境;周围的事物

e.g. The house is situated in very pleasant surroundings.

3. divorce

v. legally end a marriage (to sb.) 离婚;与...离婚

e.g. My parents divorced when I was very young.

e.g. On this map X marks the spot where the treasure is buried. 70. tractor n. 拖拉机

e.g. The tractor is the most widely used agricultural machine. 72. turn down refuse 拒绝

e.g. Thank you, but I'll have to turn down your offer.

74. weed

v. 除去…的杂草；除草 n. 杂草，野草

e.g. A weed is an unwanted wild plant, esp. one which prevents crops or garden flowers from growing properly.

76. work out

plan; solve; calculate 制定出；解决；算出 e.g. Have you worked out the answer/ the sum yet?

2. threaten vt. 威胁，恐吓

e.g. The terrorists threatened to blow up the plane if their demands were not met.

4. motivate

vt. 激发起...的兴趣，激励

e.g. He was motivated by love, and expected nothing in return.

5. assure

vt. cause (sb.) to be sure, to feel certain 使确信;使有信心

e.g. He assured us of his ability to solve the problem. 7. hardship n. 苦难，困苦

e.g. Many people are suffering economic hardship.

6. soar

vi. rise rapidly 骤升，猛增

e.g. The temperature soared to 80°.

8. fulfill

vt. cause (sth. wished for or planned) to happen; perform or complete (a task,duty,etc.) 实现;履行，完成

e.g. A nurse has many duties to fulfill in caring for the sick.

9. obtain

vt. get 获得，得到

e.g. I haven't been able to obtain that record anywhere. 11. sacrifice vt., n. 牺牲;舍弃

e.g. It is the company's policy to sacrifice short-term profits for the sake of long-term growth. 13. opportunity n. 机会;良机

e.g. You should go and see this film if you get the opportunity. 15. afterward

ad. at a later time 后来;以后

10. appoint

vt. 任命，委任;约定（时间等） e.g. We have decided to appoint a new teacher. 12. come up with

think of (a plan, reply, etc.); produce 想出;提出

e.g. Some of the members have come up with suggestions of their own. 14. take advantage of make use of 利用

e.g. We took advantage of the fine weather to paint the fence.

e.g. Not long afterward, he received the news that the man had died. 1. absorb

vt. completely hold the attention of (sb.) ; take in 完全吸引住……的注意;吸收 e.g. The writer was absorbed in his writing that he forgot to flick（轻弹）the ashes from his cigar. 3. broaden

v. make or become broader (使)变宽；(使)扩大

e.g. For college students to do a

4. bud v. 发芽;萌芽

e.g. Some flowers bud their leaves very early in spring. 2. ankle n. 踝;踝节部

e.g. The ankle connects the foot with the leg.

part-time job will broaden their outlook. 5. chin n. 下巴,颏

e.g. His chin looks funny.

7. correspond

vi. exchange letters regularly 通信 e.g. We correspond regularly. 9. curve v. (使)弯曲

e.g. The river curved round the hill.

11. disgust

vt. cause a strong and often sick feeling of dislike 使厌恶,使反感

e.g. We're all disgusted at the way her husband has treated her. 13. glow

n. a warm light 光亮,光辉

e.g. The fire cast a warm glow on the walls. 15. grand

a. splendid in size or appearance 宏伟的;壮丽的

e.g. We had a grand view of a sea of clouds when we climbed to the top of the mountain.

17. gray v. (使)变成灰色

e.g. We have grayed the wall of our room.

19. handwriting n. 笔迹;手写稿

6. companion

vt. spend time or go somewhere with (sb.) 陪伴

e.g. May fair（顺的）winds companion your safe return.

8. curl n. 鬈发

e.g. Her hair is in curls. 10. delicate

a. fine, well-formed; soft, tender 精美的;柔软的，娇嫩的

e.g. a delicate piece of embroidery（刺绣）

12. fertile

a. (of land) able to produce good crops 肥沃的,富饶的

e.g. A large area of desert was turned to fertile soil. 14. go sb.'s way

go in sb.'s direction 陪伴某人

e.g. I'm going your way. May I give you a ride? 16. grateful

a. feeling or showing thanks to another person 感激的

be grateful to (sb.) for (sth.) 因(某事)而感激(某人)

e.g. Our grateful thanks are due to you.

18. grip

v. take a very tight hold (of) 握紧；紧握 e.g. The child gripped its mother's arm. 20. haunt

vt. make (sb.) worry or make (them)

e.g. Your handwriting is very good. 21. heel

n. (鞋、袜等的)后跟;脚后跟,踵

e.g. There's a hole in the heel of my stocking.

23. identify

vt. recognize or say who or what (sb./sth.) is 识别

e.g. The markings are so blurred（模糊的）that it is difficult to identify. 25. keen

a. (of interest, feelings, etc.) strong; deep 强烈的;热切的

e.g. Competition is very keen. 27. leather

n. (动物的) 皮，皮革

e.g. These shoes are made of leather.29. locate

vt. find the exact position of ; establish in a certain place 找到…的位置;使坐落于 e.g. We located the shops as soon as we moved into the town. 31. make one's way go 走去

e.g. Early in the morning the hunter made his way into the woods.

33. more than a little very 很,非常

e.g. The child was more than a little excited to have Michael Jordan sign his T-shirt.

sad; (of ghosts) visit (a place) regularly 使担忧，使苦恼;(鬼魂)常出没于 e.g. I'm haunted with gloomy thoughts and sad memories.

22. hesitate

vi. pause before doing sth. or making a decision 踌躇，犹豫

e.g. He hesitated before he answered because he didn't know what to say.

24. insightful a. 具有洞察力的 insight n. 洞察力

e.g. I learn much from my father's insightful remarks. 26. lapel

n. (西服上衣的)翻领

e.g. Lapel mike（话筒）is convenient.

28. lieutenant n. 海军上尉;陆军中尉

e.g. David has been a lieutenant before playing basketball.

30. longing

n. earnest desire 渴望

e.g. She has a longing for her son to come home.

32. margin n. 页边空白

e.g. Some publishers make profits by printing books with wider margins and hence charging greater prices.

34. murmur v. 轻声说，咕哝

e.g. The child murmured in her sleep.

35. overseas

ad., a. to or in another country 去(在)国外(的),去(在)海外(的)

e.g. My brother lives overseas. 37. owner

n. a person who owns sth. 所有人 e.g. The owner of a car is no longer forced to rely on public transport.

39. provocative a. 挑逗的;挑衅的

e.g. a provocative speech

41. response

n. reaction ; answer 反应;回答 in response to: in answer to 作为对...的回应

e.g. There is no response to our call for help. 43. sailor

n. 水手，海员;航海者

e.g. Sailors often work on a ship. 45. schedule

vt. arrange for sth. to happen or to be done at a particular time 安排;排定 n. 工作日程表，进度表

e.g. The meeting is scheduled on Friday. 47. slim

a. slender; small 苗条的;细小的,微小的 e.g. The fashion（时装）model had a very slim figure.

49. straighten

v. (cause to) become straight or level (使)变直;(使)变平整

e.g. She straightened the picture on

36. overweight

a. too fat or heavy 过胖的，超重的 e.g. This parcel is overweight by two kilos. 38. previous

a. happening or coming before or earlier 早先的，先前的

e.g. He has had no previous experience of this kind of job.

40. reflect

vt. be a sign of, show 反映，显示 e.g. Many newspapers reflect the opinions of the children.

42. romance

n. love story; love affair 爱情故事;风流韵事

e.g. They kept the romance alive in their marriage for 35 years.

44. salute v. (向...)行举手礼

e.g. The soldier saluted his officer. 46. sensible

a. showing or having good sense 通情达理的,理智的

e.g. That was sensible of you.

48. split

(split) v. (cause to) break into two or more parts 裂开;破裂

e.g. My trousers split when I sat down.

50. sustain

vt. support emotionally; keep (an effort, etc.) going, maintain 支持;使(努力等)持续下去，保持

the wall. 51. take a chance (on sth.) attempt to do sth. in spite of the possibility of failure; take a risk 碰运气;冒险

e.g. You take a chance on the weather if you spend your holiday in the UK. 53. thrust v. 挤入;插入;猛推

e.g. We thrust our way through the mass of people.

55. uphold

(upheld) vt. support 支持，维护 e.g. I cannot uphold such conduct.

57. wisdom n. 智慧；明智

e.g. One cannot have wisdom without living life. 1. come across

meet or discover by chance 偶然遇见，碰上

e.g. We've just come across an old friend we haven't seen for ages. 3. hope for

want and expect (sth.) 希望，期待 e.g. I hope for going to college.

5. identity n. 身份

e.g. The police are still uncertain of

e.g. Although they had been trapped in the cave for two days, they were sustained by the knowledge that help would come soon.

52. thoughtful

a. thinking about what other people need; thinking deeply 体贴的;深思的 e.g. It was very thoughtful of you to send the flowers.

. unattractive a. 不吸引人的

attractive a. pretty; able to attract 美的; 有吸引力的

e.g. Your proposal sounds unattractive.

56. valentine n. 情人

e.g. On Saint Valentine's Day a gift is sent as a token（信物）of love to one's sweetheart.

2. make out

manage to see or read 辨认出

e.g. I could barely make out the traffic signs through the rain.

4. clue n. 线索

e.g. The police found a clue which will help them catch the robber.

6. forbid

(forbade or forbad, forbidden) vt. 禁止，不许;妨碍

the murderer's identity. e.g. Smoking is forbidden in the concert hall.

7. other than

except; apart from 除了

e.g. There's nobody here other than me.

9. match up to

be as good as ( sb. or sth.) 与...一样好;比得上

e.g. My new dress matches up to the one you have. 11. goodness int. 天哪

e.g. My goodness!

8. exchange vt. 交换，互换

e.g. Let's exchange our views on the matter.

10. for sure

(infml) certainly so, without doubt 毫无疑问

e.g. We'll win for sure.

12. relief n. 轻松，宽慰

e.g. I felt great relief when I heard I had passed the examination.

13. come to an end finish 结束

e.g. What time does the concert come to an end? 15. erect

14. knot n.（绳等的）结

e.g. tie a knot in a piece of string

a. upright, standing on end 挺直的，直立的 vt. 使直立

e.g. This monument was erected in honor of the martyrs during the internal war. 1. anthropologist n. 人类学者

2. apparently

ad. it is clear (that) 明显地

e.g. Apparently she never got my letter after all.

3. assess

vt. judge the quality, importance or worth of 评估，估量

e.g. He is so lazy that it's difficult to assess his ability. 5. behavior

n. the way one acts or behaves 举止，行为

e.g. Her good behavior deserves

6. behaviorist n. 行为主义者 4. at first

at the beginning 起先

e.g. At first I didn't like him but now I do.

praise. 7. blank

a. without expression; without writing, or other marks 没有表情的;空白的 e.g. If you press this key the screen will go blank. 9. chip

n. 薄片;碎片;集成电路片

e.g. memory chips for computers

11. consciousness n. 意识

e.g. David lost consciousness at eight o'clock and died a few hours later.

13. consultant n. 顾问

e.g. He was a consultant to a software firm.

15. convince

vt. make ( sb.) feel sure by the use of argument or evidence 使确信,使信服 e.g. We finally convinced them of our innocence（清白）. 17. dealing

n. (usu.pl) business relations 交易，买卖 e.g. Our company is proud of its reputation for fair dealing.

19. dinosaur n. 恐龙

8. captivity n. 被俘;监禁;束缚

e.g. The hostages（人质）were released from captivity.

10. colony

n. (生长在同一地方的动物或植物)群，群体;殖民地

e.g. a former French colony in Africa

12. conservationist n. 自然资源保护论者

e.g. The plans to build a big road through the forest were cancelled due to pressure from conservationists.

14. controversy n. 争论;争议

e.g. The lie detector（测谎仪）tests have been the subject of much controversy.

16. cooperate

vi. act or work together 合作，协作 e.g. The British cooperated with the French in designing the satellite. 18. deceive

v. try to make(sb.) believe sth. that is false 欺骗

e.g. Unless my eyes deceive me, that's the vice-president sitting over there.

20. disaster

n. an event causing great suffering and damage 灾难

e.g. The flood was a terrible disaster; hundreds of people died. 21. dominant

a. ruling; most important or strongest 统治的;占优势的

e.g. Blue is the dominant color in his later paintings. 23. encounter

vt. meet, esp. unexpectedly 遇到,遭遇 e.g. We encountered a lot of problems/opposition（反对）. 25. evidence

n. sth. that gives a reason for believing sth.; trace 证据;迹象

e.g. When the police arrived, he had already destroyed the evidence of his guilt. 27. explore

vt. examine thoroughly, learn about 探究，探索

e.g. We must explore all the possibilities. 29. extensively

ad. to a large extent, or in a large amount 广泛地;大量地

e.g. She has read extensively. 31. female

a. 雌的;女(性)的 n. 雌性的动物或植物;女人

e.g. The females are often more aggressive than the males. 33. foil n. 金属薄片,箔

e.g. Wrap the chicken in foil before you cook it. 35. give in 让步;屈服;投降

e.g. Don't give in to their demands.

22. emergency

n. an unexpected and dangerous happening which must be dealt with at once 紧急情况;突然事件

e.g. Ring the bell in an emergency. 24. envy vt., n. 妒忌;羡慕

e.g. I envy your ability to work so fast. 26. expand

v. (cause to) grow larger 扩大，扩展 e.g. The company has expanded its operating in Scotland by building a new factory there.

28. extend

v. (cause to) stretch or reach; make larger or longer 延伸,伸展;扩大;加长 e.g. The hot weather extended into October. 30. feat

n. 技艺;业绩，功绩

e.g. A racing car is an extraordinary feat of engineering. 32. figure out

understand; reason out 理解;推断出 e.g. I can't figure him out -- he's a mystery!

34. gaze n.,v. 凝视，注视

e.g. She turned her worried gaze from one person to the other. 36. go far

help very much; achieve much success 帮助很大;很有成效

e.g. Your suggestion will go far

37. go wrong

stop developing well 有毛病，出故障 e.g. The sum hasn't worked out, but I can't see where I went wrong. 39. grape n. 葡萄

41. horizon n. 眼界,见识;地平线

e.g. This series of talks is intended to broaden our horizons. 43. inaccessible

a. very difficult or impossible to reach 达不到的;难得到的

e.g. This novel seems to me among the most inaccessible. 45. judgment n. 判断;意见，看法

e.g. In my judgment, we should accept the employer's offer.

47. maintain

vt. continue to do or have (sth.) 保持;继续

e.g. He took the lead, and maintained it until the end of the race. 49. male

n. 雄性动物或植物;男子 a. 雄的;男(性)的 e.g. In most birds the male is bigger and more brightly colored than the female. 51. negotiate

vi. discuss in order to come to an

towards solving our present housing problem.

38. gorilla n. 大猩猩

40. halt

v. (cause to) stop 停住,停止

e.g. The train was halted by work on the line.

42. in sb.'s interest(s)

to sb.'s advantage 为了某人的利益 e.g. He gave up his share in the interests of fairness. 44. intelligence

n. 智力 intelligent a. 聪明的，有才智的 e.g. Use your intelligence! (= Don't be so foolish.) 46. link

n. 链环;环节;联系 v. join or connect 联系，连接

e.g. Research has established a link between smoking and lung cancer.

48. make a deal

reach an agreement or arrangement, esp. in business or politics 达成交易 e.g. The company has made a deal with a Japanese firm to supply engines.50. mate n. 配偶;伙伴,同事

e.g. He's off drinking with his mates. 52. obvious

a. easy to see and understand; clear 明 agreement 谈判,协商

e.g. We are negotiating (with the council) to have this road closed to traffic. 53. orangutan n. 猩猩

55. pea-brained a. 笨的

57. pineapple n. 凤梨，菠萝

59. primate n. 灵长目动物

61. release vt. set free 释放

e.g. She released the rabbit from the trap.

63. reveal

vt. make (sth.) known 展示;揭露 e.g. He revealed his secrets to his friends.

65. slide

v. (slid) (cause to) move smoothly along a surface (使)滑动 e.g. She slid along the ice. 67. stake

显的

e.g. I've got my exams tomorrow, so for obvious reasons I won't be able to come out tonight. . original

a. first or earliest 最初的;原始的 e.g. The original owner of the house was a Frenchman.

56. peanut n. 花生

e.g. She always eats peanuts when watching TV.

58. plastic a. 塑料的

e.g. a black plastic bag

60. promptly

ad. immediately 立即地

e.g. The performance will begin promptly at nine o'clock.

62. relieve

vt. free (sb.) from pain, anxiety, etc.; ease (pain, anxiety, etc.) 使减轻痛苦或焦虑等;减轻(痛苦或焦虑等)

e.g. Let me relieve you of that heavy parcel/of some of the housework.

. size up

carefully examine (a situation or person) in order to make a judgement 估量，判断

e.g. He sized the situation up at a glance and took immediate action.

66. species n. (单复同)物种

e.g. There are several species of zebra（斑马）. 68. stem

n. (usu.pl) 奖品;奖金;赌注

e.g. The game was usually played for high stakes between two large groups. 69. stretcher n. 担架

71. survive

v. remain alive in spite of; continue to live or exist after 幸免于;继续存在，幸存 survival n.

e.g. He survived in the desert for a week on biscuits and water. 73. switch

v. change; shift 转换，变换

e.g. The wind has switched round from north to east.

75. throw up (infml) vomit 呕吐

e.g. She said she had thrown up after reading the reports of trial. 77. underneath

prep.,ad. under or below 在……下面，在……底下

e.g. The letter was pushed underneath the door.

79. vet n. 兽医

e.g. I took my dog to the vet/to the vet's.

81. whale n. 鲸

n. 茎,(树)干,(叶)梗

70. surround

vt. be or go all around (sth. or sb.) 围绕;包围

e.g. She was sitting on the floor surrounded by books.

72. suspicious

a. causing or showing a feeling that sth. is wrong 可疑的;猜疑的

e.g. If you see anything suspicious, inform the police at once.

74. thrive

vi. (thrived or throve, thrived) grow strong and healthy; develop well 茁壮成长;兴旺

e.g. Few plants or animals thrive in the desert.

76. turtle n. (海)龟

78. undertake

vt. (undertook, undertaken) carry out; take upon oneself (a task,etc.) 从事;承担(任务等)

e.g. He undertook to pay the money back within six months.

80. virtuous

a. showing moral goodness 有道德的;善良的

e.g. an intelligent, courageous and virtuous family man

82. wipe out

get rid of or destroy 消灭，消除

1. cautious

a. taking great care to avoid danger 谨慎的

e.g. The bank is very cautious about lending money.

3. accompany vt. go with 陪伴，陪同

e.g. Let me accompany you to your hotel.

5. typical a. 典型的

e.g. This painting is fairly typical of his early work. 7. purchase

vt. (fml) buy 买，购买

e.g. They purchased life at the expense of honor.

9. take to

start to like 喜欢上

e.g. Did the children take to their new teacher?

11. shed light on

make (sth.) clear and easy to understand 阐明

e.g. Does this information shed any light on the problem? 13. observe

v. see and notice; watch carefully 观察;注意

e.g. Did you observe anything unusual in his behavior?

e.g. The entire population was wiped out by the terrible disease.

2. display

vt. show (esp. a feeling or quality) 流露;显示;展示

n. an act of showing sth.

e.g. She displayed great self-control when they told her the news.

4. exhibit vt. display 展示 n. 展品

e.g. The new cars were proudly exhibited in the showroom window.

6. pull oneself together 振作起来

e.g. Stop acting like a baby! Pull yourself together! 8. nevertheless

ad.，conj. however; in spite of that 然而; 虽然如此

e.g. He was angry; nevertheless, he listened to me.

10. magnificent

a. extremely impressive and attractive; excellent 宏大的，壮观的; 出色的 e.g. The royal wedding was a magnificent occasion.

12. indicate vt. 表明

e.g. He indicated his willingness with a nod of his head.

14. alarm

vt. make (sb.) feel suddenly frightened or worried 使惊慌，使恐慌 n. 惊慌，恐慌;警报

e.g. The government is alarmed by the dramatic increase in violent crime.

15. reject

vt. refuse to accept 拒绝接受

e.g. He was rejected for the army because of his bad eyesight. 1. accelerator n. 加速器，加速装置

e.g. An accelerator is a device for increasing speed. 3. beeper n. BP机，拷机

e.g. A beeper emits a beeping signal when the person carrying it is being paged（寻呼）. 5. blast

n. (汽笛等的)鸣叫

e.g. The driver gave a blast on his horn. 7. calculate v. 计算

e.g. The scientists are able to calculate accurately when the spaceship will reach the moon. 9. conductor n. (AmE) 列车员

e.g. The conductor announced the name of each station. 11. crash

vi. fall or strike suddenly, violently, and noisily 突然重重倒下;坠毁;碰撞

e.g. The cars crashed into each other.13. draw sb.'s attention to

make sb. aware of (sth.) 引起(某人)注意e.g. The article was intended to draw the public's attention to environmental protection.

2. ambulance n. 救护车

e.g. The ambulance is equipped with life-saving equipment. 4. blade

n. 刀刃，刀身;刀片

e.g. The blade of the knife is very keen.

6. brake n. 制动器，刹车

e.g. His brakes failed on a slippery road. 8. clear of

free from, not in contact with 离开;不接触

e.g. As soon as he was clear of the building he looked round. 10. cool down

(cause to) become calmer (使)冷静下来 e.g. She is so angry now. Just leave her to cool down and then talk to her. 12. deceleration n. 减速

e.g. The harder the brake pedal is pressed, the greater the car's deceleration.

14. echo

v. repeat (another's words, ideas, etc.) 重复

e.g. They echoed their leader's every word.

15. explode

vi. burst with a loud noise 爆发;爆炸 e.g. The boiler exploded and a big fire ensued. 17. flash

vi. move very fast; produce a sudden bright light 飞驰，掠过;闪烁 e.g. The cars flashed past. 19. freight n. 货物;货运

e.g. This aircraft company deals with freight only; it has no passenger service. 21. grab

v. seize suddenly; take roughly and quickly 猛地抓取

e.g. He grabbed the coin and ran off. 23. grocery

n. (usu.pl) 食品杂货

e.g. This small shop sells some groceries like salt, soy, spice, etc.

25. hey

int. 嗨(用以唤起注意等)

e.g. Hey! Where are you going?

27. horror

n. great fear or shock 恐惧,震惊 e.g. He was filled with horror at the sight. 29. incident

n. sth. that happens 事情;事件

e.g. Were there any exciting incidents during your journey?

16. fabric

n. 织物，织品;构造，结构

e.g. She bought some fabric to make shirts from. 18. forehead n. 前额

e.g. He had a broad forehead.

20. gesture n. 手势;姿势

e.g. Jim raised his hands in a despairing gesture.

22. groan v. 呻吟

e.g. The wounded man lay there groaning, with no one to help him. 24. hammer n. 榔头，锤

e.g. The man picked up the hammer on the ground and hit the statue into pieces.

26. horn n. 喇叭

e.g. The driver blew / sounded his horn when an old lady with her dog stepped in front of his car.

28. hug

vt. hold tightly in one's arms 紧抱 e.g. He hugged his daughter.

30. injure

vt. harm, hurt; damage 损害;伤害 injury n.

e.g. There were two people injured in the car accident.

31. instant n. 片刻,瞬息

e.g. He paused for an instant. 33. intently

ad. with great attention 专心地 e.g. He does his homework intently after school every day. 35. kneel

vi. (knelt) go down on the knees; rest on the knees 跪下;跪着

e.g. Everyone in church knelt in prayer. 37. locomotive n. 机车

e.g. The factory produces primarily diesel locomotives. 39. ma'am

= madam 女士，小姐

e.g. Can I help you, Ma'am?

41. medium

a. coming halfway between; not extreme 中等的 n. a means which can be used to express or communicate sth. 媒质，媒介

e.g. He is of medium height.

43. miraculously

ad. like a miracle 奇迹般地

e.g. The soldiers won a victory in battle miraculously. 45. no way

(infml) in no way; definitely not 不行;决不

e.g. This remark should no way be taken lightly.

32. instantly

ad. at once; immediately 立即，即刻 e.g. I instantly recognized her. 34. internal

a. of or in the inside 内部的;内在的 e.g. the internal relations of things

36. leap

(leapt or leaped) vi. jump 跳，跃 e.g. The dog leapt over the fence.

38. loose a. 松散的

e.g. His tie was pulled loose and his collar hung open. 40. mask n. 面具，面罩

e.g. We all wore masks at the party and no one knew who we were.

42. mess around

(infml) do things in an aimless way; spend time playing 随意做事;闲荡 mess vt. put into disorder 弄乱;弄脏 n. 混乱

e.g. He often likes to mess around with pals on days off.

44. nearby

a. , ad. 附近的；在附近

e.g. She came from a nearby village.46. nylon n. 尼龙

e.g. nylon stockings/a nylon curtain

47. out of the way 远离，不碍事

e.g. Step out of the way and let me handle the stone.

49. per

prep. for each 每

e.g. How much do you earn per week?

51. punch

v. hit hard 猛击，用力击

e.g. He punched him on the nose. 53. reach out

stretch one's arm, usu. in order to get or touch (sth.) 伸手抓

e.g. The mother reached out to grab her little boy but it was too late. He fell into the river. 55. risk

vt. put (sth.) in a dangerous position 使遭受危险 n. 危险，风险

e.g. She risked her own life to help a disabled woman. 57. shelter

vt. protect; cover 保护;遮蔽 n. 隐蔽处;躲避处

e.g. That line of trees shelters my house from the wind. 59. spot

vt. see or recognize 看出，认出 e.g. Thank you for pointing out the error; I hadn't spotted it. 61. stitch

n. （缝合伤口、缝纫、刺绣等的）一针，针脚

e.g. The dress was sewn with small stitches.

48. overhead

a. above one's head; in the sky 在上头的;架空的

e.g. She turned on the overhead light and looked around the room.

50. pull on 用力拉

e.g. The child pulled on his mother's coat wanting to leave.

52. rag

n. 破布;抹布; (pl) 破旧衣服 e.g. He was clad in rags. . resume

vt. begin again after a pause 重新开始，恢复

e.g. We resumed our work after a rest.

56. scrape v. 刮，擦

e.g. Scrape the mud off your shoes with this knife.

58. signal

v. send (sth. such as a warning or a message) by a light or an act 发信号传达 e.g. We signaled the taxi driver to pull over. 60. steep

a. rising or falling sharply 陡峭的 e.g. The castle is built on a steep hill.

62. struggle with

have difficulty handling or coping with 费力地对付

e.g. She struggled with the math problem but eventually worked it out.

63. sway

v. (cause to) move or swing slowly from side to side (使)摇动;(使)摇摆

e.g. The trees swayed in the wind. 65. thunderous

a. extremely loud 雷鸣似的; 极响的 e.g. His speech got thunderous applause. 67. twist

v. 转动;（使）扭曲;扭伤 e.g. Twist the lid to open it.

69. via

prep. by means of; by way of 通过;经过 e.g. We will fly to New York via Alaska.

71. with all one's strength 使劲，用全力

e.g. She opened the door with all her strength and ran out of the house.

夺取其境内外夹攻

1. ability n. 能力

e.g. She has demonstrated/has got a remarkable ability to get things done.

3. acquire vt. get 取得，获得

e.g. I managed to acquire two tickets for the concert. 5. affect

vt. have an influence on 影响

e.g. Will the strike affect the price of coal? 7. ash

. thumbs-up

n. 翘拇指(赞同或满意的表示) e.g. He held thumbs-up and expressed approval. 66. trunk

n. 汽车后部的行李箱

e.g. The small car has no trunk at its back.

68. up and down 一上一下地

e.g. Window cleaners are pulled up and down tall buildings on cradles（吊蓝）.

70. visible

a. that can be seen 看得见的，可见的 e.g. The smoke from the fire was visible from the road.

2. accumulate

v. collect, or gather together, esp. over a period of time 积累，积聚

e.g. He gradually accumulated an impressive collection of paintings.

4. adequate

a. enough 充分的，足够的

e.g. The city's water supply is no longer adequate (for its needs). 6. ancestor n. 祖先，祖宗

e.g. My ancestors came from Spain.

8. Asian n. 废墟;灰,灰烬

e.g. The house was burnt to ashes.

9. astonish

vt. surprise very much 使惊讶 e.g. We were all astonished by the news / astonished to hear that he had passed his driving test. 11. better off

richer; more comfortable 更富有;更舒服 e.g. It's obvious that those who work hard are better off than those who don't. 13. CD

= compact disc 激光唱片;(计算机用的)光盘

15. compete vi. 竞争

compete with/against try to be better than (sb. else) 与……竞争 e.g. She and her sister are always competing for attention. 17. contemptible a. 令人鄙视的，可轻蔑的

e.g. That was a contemptible trick to play on a friend!

19. county

n. (英国的)郡;(美国的)县

e.g. A county usually consists of several towns and the rural areas that surround them. 21. decline

vi.,n. 衰败，衰退;下降

e.g. His influence declined as he grew

n.，a. 亚洲人;亚洲(人)的

e.g. His philosophy is a mixture of both Western and Asian thought.

10. befriend

vt. help; act as a friend to 帮助;以朋友态度对待

e.g. They befriended me when I first arrived in London as a student. 12. break down

stop working; fail, collapse 停止运转;失败，垮了

e.g. The car broke down.

14. chill

v. become or make (sth. or sb.) cold (使)变冷;(使)不寒而栗

e.g. Put the wine in the fridge（电冰箱）to chill.

16. complex a.not simple 复杂的

e.g. a complex machine / system / network / theory

18. counter n. 柜台

e.g. You can buy antibiotics（抗生素）over the counter（不凭处方地）in this country.

20. coward n. 懦夫

e.g. She accused her husband of being a coward.

22. dramatize

vt. write (sth.) again in a form which can be performed 将……改编为剧本，

older. 23. drive home

make (sth.) clear so that people understand it 使清楚无误地理解

e.g. Peter was lazy. His parents tried to drive home to him the importance of hard work. 25. European

a., n. 欧洲(人)的;欧洲人

27. faculty

n. any of the powers of the body or mind 官能

e.g. He has lost the use of his limbs but he is still in possession of all his faculties. (= can think, see, hear, etc.) 29. financial

a. connected with money 财政的;金融的 e.g. The City of London is a great financial center. 31. folder

n. holder for loose papers 文件夹 33. function

vi. operate; act 运作；起作用 n. 作用，功能

e.g. The machine will not function properly if it is not kept well-oiled. 35. humble a. 谦卑的;卑微的

e.g. He rose from humble origins to become prime minister. 37. idle

a. lazy; not doing anything 懒散的;空闲的

将……戏剧化

e.g. He's dramatizing his novel for television.

24. drugstore

n. (AmE) (兼营杂货的)药房

26. fable n. 寓言

e.g. Aesop's fables

28. file

n. a collection of papers on one subject 档案，卷宗

e.g. Here's our file on Middle East.

30. foe

n. (lit) an enemy 敌人

32. foxhole n. 散兵坑(小型掩体) 34. handful n. 一把;少量

e.g. We invited 30 people, but only a handful (of them) came.

36. hut n. 小屋;棚屋

e.g. They lived in a mud hut.

38. ignorance n. 无知;愚昧

e.g. The workers were kept in

e.g. Owing to the electricity strike, a lot of factory workers were left idle. 39. ignorant

a. knowing little or nothing 无知的;不知道的

e.g. I'm afraid I'm rather ignorant about computers.

41. indifference

n. a lack of interest or feeling 漠不关心 e.g. He treats her with complete indifference. 43. intellectual a. 智力的

e.g. The argument was too

intellectual for me; I couldn't follow a word of it. 45. leisure

n. spare time 空闲，闲暇

e.g. She's very busy; she doesn't get much leisure (time). 47. make a living by

earn money by (doing sth.) 靠……维持生计

e.g. He makes a good living (= earns a lot of money) by selling insurance. 49. mill

n. a factory 工厂，制造厂

e.g. Paper is made in a paper mill. 51. modestly

ad. not in very large quantity, size, etc. 不太多，不太大，适中

e.g. Most of us want to drink modestly but well. 53. nonexistent a. not existing 不存在的

complete ignorance of the company's financial situation. 40. in amazement

with a feeling of great surprise or disbelief 惊讶地

e.g. We watched in amazement as she tore up the contract and threw it in the bin（垃圾箱）.

42. industrial a. 工业的

e.g. an industrial country

44. jam

v. get stuck 发生故障;卡住;堵塞 e.g. The bus was so full that I was jammed in and couldn't move.

46. luxury

n. 奢侈品;奢华;奢侈

e.g. Cream cakes are a luxury in our house. 48. manual a. 体力的;手工做的

e.g. Nowadays, young people don't like manual work.

50. miracle n. 奇迹

e.g. It's a miracle you weren't killed! 52. movie n. film 电影

e.g. There's a good movie on the TV tonight.

. plumbing

n. (水、煤气等)管道设施

e.g. Their government is bankrupt, and public services are now practically nonexistent. 55. pop

n. (infml) father

e.g. Can I borrow the car, pop?

57. porter

n. (旅馆、火车站等的)搬行李工人; 搬运工人 e.g. We tipped（付小费给）the porter for each box. 59. privacy

n. the state of being alone and

undisturbed (不受干扰的)独处;隐私，隐秘 e.g. There's not much privacy in these flats because of the large windows and thin walls. 61. scare

v. frighten (使)惊慌，(使)恐惧

e.g. Don't let the noise scare you; it's only the wind. 63. security

n. the state of feeling safe and free from worry 安全

e.g. Once the jewels were safely locked up in the bank he had no more anxieties about their security. 65. slice

n. a part of sth.; a thin flat piece cut from sth. 部分;(薄薄的)一片

e.g. They wanted to make sure they got a slice of the profits/of the market. 67. subway

n. (AmE) underground railway 地铁 e.g. It might be better to go by subway.

e.g. an old house with noisy plumbing

56. portable

a. light and small enough to be easily carried or moved 便携(式)的，手提(式)的 e.g. Professor Smith always carries a portable computer with him.

58. poverty

n. the state of being poor 贫穷，贫困 e.g. They live in abject poverty / below the poverty line. 60. run out of

use up or finish a supply of (sth.) 用完,耗尽

e.g. I am afraid we will have run out of petrol.

62. search for look for 寻找

e.g. Scientists are still searching for a cure to the common cold. . senior

n. (AmE) student in the last year of college or high school (大学或中学)毕业班的学生

e.g. My son will be a senior in the fall next year. 66. slum n. 贫民窟

e.g. The mayor promised to clean up the slums.

68. suggestion n. sth. suggested 建议 e.g. Your suggestions are unworkable.

69. sum

vt. 合计;总结;概述 sum up 总结，概括 e.g. The last section sums up all the arguments on either side.

71. tax n. 税

e.g. If you sell the painting you'll have to pay capital-gains（资本收益）tax (on it). 73. trash

n. (AmE) 垃圾;废物

e.g. Mother told me to put out the trash.

75. wage n. 工资，工钱

e.g. In our family both my husband and I are wage earners (= have a job and earn money). 77. wealthy

a. rich; having wealth 富的，富裕的 e.g. His father is very wealthy. 1. benefit n. 好处,利益

vt. have a good or useful effect on 有益于

e.g. For the benefit of those people who arrived late, I'll just go over the plan again. 3. proceed vi. go on 继续进行

e.g. We can now proceed to the main business of the meeting.

5. essential

a. necessary; most important 必要的;最

70. swear

vt. (swore, sworn) make a serious promise about 发誓，宣誓

e.g. The witness swore to tell the truth.

72. teenager

n. a person who is between 13 and 19 years old 青少年

e.g. Those teenagers attend the local high school. 74. upset

(upset) vt. make (sb.) worry or feel unhappy 使苦恼，使心烦意乱

e.g. Do what he wants, or you'll upset him.

76. wake up stop sleeping 醒了

e.g. I woke up with a start when the alarm rang.

2. in the first place

in the beginning; to begin with 首先 e.g. In the first place I don't want to go, and in the second place I can't afford to.

4. competent

a. having the ability or skill needed for sth. 有能力的，能胜任的

e.g. My secretary is perfectly competent, but she doesn't have much initiative.

6. concentrate on

direct (one's attention, efforts, etc.) towards

重要的

e.g. We can live without clothes, but food and drink are essential. 7. solve

vt. 解决(问题、困难等)

e.g. Can you solve this problem / this riddle? 9. confuse vt. 使困惑

e.g. Don't give me so much information -- you are confusing me. 11. focus

v. (使)集中注意力(于)

e.g. The beams of light moved across the sky and focused on the aircraft. 13. claim

vt. say that (sth.) is true or is a fact without having any proof 声称;断言 e.g. They claimed to have discovered / They claim that they have discovered a cure for the disease, but this has not yet been proved. 15. ultimate

a. last or final; basic 最终的;根本的

集中(注意力、精力等)于 e.g. This year the company has concentrated on improving its efficiency. 8. effective a. 有效的;生效的

e.g. Their efforts to improve the school have been very effective. 10. what if

what will happen if 如果...怎么样 e.g. What if we move the picture over there? Do you think it'll look better?

12. at hand 在手边;临近

e.g. The great day is at hand.

14. contribute v. 作出贡献;贡献出

e.g. This advertising campaign has contributed significantly to the success of the new car.

e.g. They're going to London first, but their ultimate destination is Rome.