2021年山东省中考英语题型专项练习：任务型阅读

题型二 任务型阅读

____________________________________________ 42. What are the shadow puppets made of?

____________________________________________

Passage 1

Every Saturday, Wang Weifang puts on a play with his friends in a small town near Xi’an. The audience can hear them, but they cannot see them. That is because they are putting on a shadow play(皮影戏).

Shadow puppets(玩偶) are made of hard leather. The leather is cut out in the shape of a person, an animal or an object. Each puppet is painted in bright colours and put on a stick. Some puppets have movable arms and legs.

During a shadow play, Wang stands behind a white screen with lights behind it. The audience sit in front of the screen. Wang and his friends hold the puppets very close to the screen so the audience can see the puppets’ shadows clearly. Then they move the puppets around and do the voices of the different characters.

Shadow plays are an ancient Chinese art. Now with TVs and films, shadow plays are not as popular as before.

Wang and his friends often work very hard for little money, but they do not mind. They want to keep this traditional art form alive.

43. What color does the screen use in the play? ____________________________________________ 44. Are the shadow plays still popular now?

____________________________________________ 45. Why do Wang and his friends work hard at the shadow play? ____________________________________________

【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的一种古老的艺术形式——皮影戏，以及王伟方和他的朋友们为保护皮影戏所做出的努力。 41. Once a week.【解析】题干意为：王伟方和他的朋友们多久演一次皮影戏？根据第一段第一句“Every Saturday, Wang Weifang puts on a play with his

friends in a small town near Xi’an.〞可知，王伟方和他的朋友每周六都在西安附近的一个小镇上演皮影戏，即每周一次，故答案是Once a week。

42. Hard leather.【解析】题干意为：皮影戏的玩偶是由什么制成的？根据第二段第一句“Shadow puppets〔玩偶〕 are made of hard leather.〞可知，皮影戏的玩偶是由硬皮革制成的，故答案是Hard leather。

43. White.【解析】题干意为：在表演中使用的幕布是什么颜色的？根据第三段第一句“During a shadow play, Wang stands behind a white screen with lights behind it.〞可知，在皮影戏的表演中，王伟方站在白色幕布后面，幕布后有灯光，故答案是White。

44. No, they aren’t.【解析】题干意为：皮影戏如今还仍然流行吗？根据第四

第一节 答复下列问题型

第 1 页

段最后一句“Now with TVs and films, shadow plays are not as popular as

before.〞可知，如今有电视和电影，皮影戏不再像过去那样流行了，故答案是No, they aren’t。

45. Because they want to keep this traditional art form alive.【解析】题干意为：为什么王伟方和他的朋友们要努力演皮影戏？根据最后一段最后一句“They want to keep this traditional art form alive.〞可知，因为他们想要让这种传统的艺术形式存活下去，故答案是Because they want to keep this traditional art form alive。

Passage 2

If you think it is cold where you are at the moment, then a visit to the Russian village of Oymyakon might just change your mind. The small village is in the heart of Siberia(西伯利亚). The name Oymyakon means “non-freezing water〞 because of a nearby hot spring, but it is indeed the coldest inhabited(有人居住的) place on the earth.

Oymyakon sits just a few hundred miles from the Arctic Circle(北极圈). The average(平均) temperature remains below 50°C in winter and the lowest temperature there was 67.7°C. This is the lowest recorded temperature in the Northern Hemisphere(北半球). Oymyakon is white in winter, since everything is frozen and covered with thick snow. But it’s also dark—the length of daytime is only three hours.

Because of the weather, people’s life there is inconvenient(不方便的), yet

simple and traditional. Most homes still burn coal and wood for heat. When people go outside, they have to wear fur coats to stay warm. They can’t wear glasses, or the glasses will freeze to their face. There are few modern conveniences for them to enjoy. People don’t use mobile phones, because the batteries(电池) cannot work in such low temperatures. Cars can only be placed in heated garages. The ones left outside must keep running, or they won’t restart. 46. Which country does the village Oymyakon lie in? ____________________________________________ 47. How far is it from Oymyakon to the Arctic Circle? ____________________________________________

48. Which season has the shortest daytime in the village Oymyakon? ____________________________________________ 49. What do the villagers wear when they go outdoors? ____________________________________________ 50. Why can’t the mobile phones be used in Oymyakon? ____________________________________________

【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了俄罗斯的一个叫做Oymyakon

的小村庄的气候以及那儿的人们的生活方式。

46. Russia.【解析】题干意为：Oymyakon位于哪个国家？根据第一段第一句“If you think it is cold where you are at the moment, then a visit to the Russian village of Oymyakon might just change your mind.〞可知，假如你认为如今你在

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的地方很冷，那么去俄罗斯的Oymyakon村可能会改变你的想法，所以Oymyakon村在俄罗斯，故答案是Russia。 47. A few hundred miles.【解析】题干意为：从Oymyakon村到北极圈有多远？根据第二段第一句“Oymyakon sits just a few hundred miles from the Arctic Circle(北极圈). 〞可知，Oymyakon位于离北极圈仅仅几百英里的地方，故答案是A few hundred miles。

48. Winter.【解析】题干意为：在哪个季节Oymyakon村的白天最短？根据第二段最后两句“Oymyakon is white in winter, since everything is frozen and covered with thick snow. But its also dark—the length of daytime is only three hours.〞可知Oymyakon村的冬天是白色的，因为一切都被冻结，被厚厚的雪覆盖着。但是村子又很暗，白天只有三小时。可知，Oymyakon村冬天的白天时间最短，故答案是Winter。

49. Fur coats.【解析】题干意为：当村民们出门时，他们穿什么？根据第三段第三句“When people go outside, they have to wear fur coats to stay warm. 〞可知，当人们外出时，他们必须穿皮大衣保暖，故答案是Fur coats。

50. Because the batteries cannot work in such low temperatures.【解析】题干意为：为什么在Oymyakon村手机不能被使用？根据最后一段倒数第三句

“People don’t use mobile phones, because the batteries(电池) cannot work in such low temperatures.〞可知，人们不使用手机，因为电池在这样的低温下无法工作。故答案是Because the batteries cannot work in such low temperatures。

Passage 3

Café X is a special coffee shop in America. Gordon, the “barista〞〔咖啡师〕in Café X will not only greet you by your name but also wish you a pleasant day. Why? Because Gordon is not human. It

s a robot. It can make the perfect cups

spent a lot of time moving around cups while making drinks. So he decided to build a fully mechanized〔机械的〕 coffee shop. And this is why Café X was born.

Café X is more like a kiosk(售货亭) than a traditional Café. Customers can order their drinks either by using an app on the phone or by using the computers in the coffee shop. When the order is placed, Gordon gets to work to make coffee.

When the drink is ready, the customer will receive a text with a code(密码). Upon entering it, the robot will hand over the correct order. If the drink is not picked up within eight minutes after the text is sent, it will be replaced by a fresh drink. Henry Hu says Café X is trying its best to provide customers with the greatest coffee in the shortest time possible.

46. Where is the special Café X shop with a robot barista? ____________________________________________ 47. Why did Henry Hu open the special coffee shop Café X? ____________________________________________

48. How can a customer order a cup of coffee if he has no phone? ____________________________________________ 49. When will the customer be given a text with a code? ____________________________________________

of coffee by using beans from local famous coffee shops.

The founder of this special coffee shop is Henry Hu. Hu noticed that baristas

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50. What does Café X try to provide for the customers? ____________________________________________

【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新型科技——自助咖啡厅。

46. In America.【解析】题干意为：这个有机器人咖啡师的特别的咖啡屋在什么地方？根据第一段第一句“Café X is a special coffee shop in America.〞可知，这个特别的咖啡屋在美国，故答案是In America。

47. Because he decided/wanted to build a fully mechanized coffee shop to replace the busy baristas. 【解析】题干意为：为什么Henry Hu要开这个特别的咖啡屋呢？根据第二段最后三句“Hu noticed that baristas spent a lot of time

moving... So he decided to build a fully mechanized(机械的) coffee shop. And this is why Café X was born.〞可知答案。

48. By using the computers in the coffee shop.【解析】题干意为：假如一个客人没带手机，他怎样才可以点一杯咖啡？

根据第三段第二句“Customers can order their drinks either by using an app on the phone or by using the computers in the coffee shop.〞可知答案。

49. When the drink/coffee is ready.【解析】题干意为：什么时候顾客将会收到一条有密码的短信？根据第四段第一句“When the drink is ready, the customer will receive a text with a code(密码).〞可知答案。

50. The greatest coffee in the shortest time possible.【解析】题干意为：Café X努力要提供应顾客什么？根据最后一段最后一句“Henry Hu says Café X is trying its best to provide customers with the greatest coffee in the shortest time possible.〞可知答案。

Passage 4

For convenience(方便), plenty of people prefer having a takeaway(外卖) to cooking at home. Now there is an app through which people can enjoy delicious

and cheap takeaway food.

Too Good To Go, an app being used in the UK, allows users to order leftover(剩余的)food at a low price from restaurants. The purpose is to help cut down on food waste, as lots of restaurants usually throw away the food that can still be eaten at the end of the day.

Users just need to pick a restaurant and pay through the app. Then they pick up their food at planned times usually around closing time or after peak meal times.

“Food waste is one of the biggest problems we have in this world,〞 one creator of the app said. “The restaurant industry is wasting about 600,000 tons of food each year.〞 By the end of August, Too Good To Go had helped save about 600 meals in the UK.

Users also have the choice to give meals to people who are in need by donating one British pound or more through the app. By the end of August, more than 1,100 meals had been donated.

Too Good To Go isn’t the first app to try to deal with food waste. In Spain, the Yo No Desperdicio app allows people to exchange leftover food with each other. In the US, the Food Cowboy app allows food shops to sell “ugly

vegetables〞 that most customers don’t buy to charities and food banks that need

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them.

69. Why do plenty of people like having a takeaway? ____________________________________________ 70. What is the purpose of the app Too Good To Go? ____________________________________________

71. How do users order the takeaways through the app Too Good To Go? ____________________________________________

72. There are three apps that are used to deal with food waste in the article. Please list TWO of them.

____________________________________________ 73. What do you think of the apps like Too Good To Go? ____________________________________________

【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍英国的一款手机应用软件“Too Good To Go〞。这款软件目前已经在英国使用，开发这一软件的主要目的是减少食物浪费。同时，也提及在西班牙和美国开发使用的类似应用软件。 69. Because the takeaway is convenient.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么很多人喜欢订外卖？根据第一段第一句“For convenience(方便), plenty of people prefer having a takeaway(外卖) to cooking at home.〞可知答案。

70. The purpose is to help cut down on food waste.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Too Good To Go这款应用软件的目的是什么？根据第二段第二句“The purpose is to help cut down on food waste...〞可知答案。

71. Users can pick a restaurant, pay through the app and pick up their food at planned times.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：用户通过Too Good To Go应

用软件如何订外卖？根据第三段“Users just need to pick a restaurant and pay through the app. Then they pick up their food at planned times usually around closing time or after peak meal times.〞可知答案。

72. Too Good To Go app and The Yo No Desperdicio app./The Yo No Desperdicio app and the Food Cowboy app./Too Good To app and the Food

Cowboy app.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：文中提到了三个被用来解决食物浪费的应用。请列出其中的两个。根据第六段可知答案。

73. I think they are good for dealing with food waste.【解析】自由发挥题。题干意为：你是如何对待像Too Good To Go这类应用软件的？根据文章言之有理即可。

Passage 5

In modern society, people use money every day. It seems that it is very important in our life. That’s because without money you can’t buy any goods(商品) you want. But I think few people know the history of money.

Long ago, people did not need money. They lived on wild animals, fruits and other plants. As time passed, people learned to raise animals and crops. Sometimes, families produced more than they needed, so they started to trade with other families. Later, people began to use money as a means of exchange. However, it was not the kind of money we use today. They used shells〔贝壳〕, rice, salt, large stones, etc.

During the 600s BC, people began using coins as money. They soon found that coins were easier to carry than goods and lasted a long time. Later, countries

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began to make their own coins.

The Chinese were the first to use paper money, probably as early as the 11th century. The Italian traveler Marco Polo saw the Chinese using money when he visited China in the 1200s. However, European countries did not start using paper money until 1600s.

Today, we have many ways to pay for things. We can pay in cash or pay for things by card. Often, people prefer to pay by a smart-phone. Paying by a smart-phone is easier and safer than carrying around a lot of “real〞 money. 60. Why is money very important in our life? ____________________________________________ 61. What did people depend on when they didn’t need money? ____________________________________________ 62. Had people begun using coins as money since the 600s BC? ____________________________________________ 63. When did European countries start using paper money? ____________________________________________ . How can people pay for things today?

____________________________________________

【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了货币的开展史。

60. Because without money we can’t buy any goods we want.【解析】题干意为：

为什么在我们的生活中金钱很重要？根据第一段中“That’s because without money you can’t buy any goods(商品) you want.〞可知答案。

61. They lived on wild animals, fruits and other plants.【解析】题干意为：当人们不需要金钱的时候他们靠什么生活？根据第二段中“Long ago, people did not need money. They lived on wild animals, fruits and other plants.〞可知答案。 62. Yes, they had.【解析】题干意为：自从公元前七世纪起人们已经开场使用硬币作为货币吗？根据第三段第一句“During the 600s BC, people began using coins as money.〞可知答案是肯定的。

63. In the 1600s.【解析】题干意为：什么时候欧洲国家开场使用纸币？根据倒数第二段最后一句可知是从17世纪开场欧洲国家开场使用纸币。 . They can pay in cash, pay by card or pay by a smart-phone.【解析】题干意为：如今人们可以用何种方式付款？根据最后一段中“We can pay in cash or pay for things by card. Often, people prefer to pay by a the smart-phone.〞可知答案。

第二节 填表型

Passage 1

You can’t just stop worrying. Worrying has been a huge positive in my life. There is lots of evidence(证据) that worriers are better prepared for life’s challenges and so tend to do better in the long run. I wouldn’t give it up at all. I read this sentence somewhere and kept it saved on my phone to remind myself— “Worry is like a rocking chair. It gives you something to do but takes you nowhere. 〞 It’s possible to live better with worry. There you learn to deal with worrying in your study and life.

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Divert (转移) your mind. Make yourself get rid of the thoughts that worry you. Go out. Do some things. Keep yourself busy.

Talk it out. It works for a lot of people. Talk to somebody who really understands you. If they are busy, get online. There are many anxiety forums(论坛) where people are there to listen.

Take a break from your schedule. If you get a holiday with your family, your friends or just tour a new city alone，you will return and become new. Write a diary. I experienced that writing your worries gives better feelings, reduces the pressure in your head and decreases the frequency(经常性) of worrisome〔令人烦恼的〕 thoughts.

Watch something positively. A good speech, inspiring movie, or video sometimes gives us the confidence and courage to do something, moving past our worries.

All in all, don’t take life that seriously. Remember that you have only one life to live. It’s almost no use wasting it over a lot of things that we worry about. Breathe deeply! It will get better.

Title: 61 The article wants to tell you some methods about

Purpose 62 with worrying in your study and life. ●Keep yourself busy so that you have no time to 63 about something. ●Talk about your worries with somebody who really understands you. ●Your holiday will make you new to something if you spare some time to take a holiday. ●Writing diaries can make you have better How to treat worries ●You will feel confident and have courage by watching a good speech, an inspiring movie, or a video when you watch something in a attitude. It’s no use wasting life over things that we worry Conclusion about. Take a deep 65 , and it will be better. 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明了如何处理生活中和学习中的焦虑：转移注意；说出来；在你的时间表之外休息一下；写日记；积极地对待事情。

61. How to deal with worries 【解析】标题归纳题。根据文章第一段最后一句“There you learn to deal with worrying in your study and in life. 〞可知本文主

feelings. 第 7 页

要介绍了如何应对生活和学习中的焦虑，故填How to deal with worries。 62. dealing 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“There you learn to deal with worrying in your study and in life. 〞可知表示处理，介词about后跟动名词，故填dealing。

63. worry 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“Make yourself get rid of the thoughts that worry you.〞可知此处表示担忧，不定式符号to后跟动词原形，故填worry。

. positive【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第六段第一句“Watch something positively. 〞可知是要用积极的态度对待事情，再结合句子构造可知此处需填形容词，故填positive。 65. breath【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段后两句“Breathe deeply! It will get better. 〞再结合句子构造可知此处需填breathe的名词，故填breath。

Passage 2

Reviewing is an important part of study. It helps you learn, remember, and

It is a good idea to make reviewing be part of your weekly routine(常规). The best way to do this is to review every day. You should make sure that you study for no more than two hours at a time, and that you take regular(有规律的)breaks every half an hour or so. This will keep you fresh and be able to take in information. Stay Organized

It can be very helpful to set up a system if you are organized. If you are taking notes, organize them by subject, topic, and date. That way when you have a quiz or exam, you can easily find the right notes to study to help you prepare.

Title: 1 ●It is helpful to learn, remember, and apply apply what you

The know. It is also a good idea to review before quizzes〔测试〕. This will help keep

importance of ●Before tests, reviewing is also a good idea. materials fresh in

reviewing your mind. Here are some advice on how to review well.

keep materials fresh. Find Your Place

To review for an exam, you must first find a quiet and relaxing environment. Somewhere you feel the most comfortable and you can work best. It should be in a place where you will not be disturbed〔打搅〕. Take Your Time

●When you interview in a quiet and relaxing environment, you will work best by feeling ●Reviewing before exams will be helpful to what you know by reviewing. Several 2 the most 3 . on how to 第 8 页

●Make sure that study for no more than two review hours at one time and take breaks 4 about every half an hour. ● 5 notes by subject, topic, and date can help you find the right notes easily to study to help you prepare. every day? Follow me, and you will have a happy life.

Be confident. Every morning when you wake up and look at yourself in the mirror, what will you do? If you want to be happy in the following hours, please say “You are the best!〞 to yourself. Don’t always think that you are worse than other students. You are powerful actually. Believe in yourself, and you can give yourself endless power!

Smile. When you meet some difficulties, what will you do? Do you always drop your head when you are in trouble? If you want to walk out of the shadow and be happy, please smile. Smile at yourself, and smile at the trials (考验). Smile can make you strong, and smile can also make you happy.

Talk to others. A single life is always boring. Don’t live in a world where you are the only person. Share what you feel in your life, or your interesting stories and also your troubles with others. Open your heart to the world. You will find the world is more colorful than you can imagine.

It is not hard to be happy. Happiness is close to you if you keep doing the above three things every day. Remember to be confident, to smile all the time, and to talk to others. Wish you a happy life!

Title: 1 Be ●Remind yourself that you are the 2 every 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要从三方面介绍了如何进展复习。 1. Advice on how to review【解析】标题归纳题。根据第一段最后一句“Here are some advice on how to review well.〞可知本文主要介绍如何复习的建议。故填Advice on how to review。 2. suggestions【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Here are some advice on how to review well.〞可知空处表示建议，several修饰可数名词，suggestion和advice为同义词。故填suggestions。 3. comfortable【解析】细节理解题。根据第一条建议中的“To review for an exam, you must first find a quiet and relaxing environment. Somewhere you feel the most comfortable and you can work best.〞可知答案为comfortable。

4. regularly 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二条建议中“You should take care to make sure that you study for no more than two hours at a time, and that you take regular(有规律的)breaks every half an hour or so.〞可知此处表示有规律的休息，空处需要副词修饰动词短语take breaks。故填regularly。

5. Organizing【解析】细节理解题。根据第三个建议中“If you are taking notes, organize them by subject, topic, and date. That way when you have a quiz or

exam, you can easily find the right notes to study to help you prepare.〞可知此处表示组织。空处在句中作主语，需用动名词。故填Organizing。

Passage 3〔

Happiness is important in our life. Are you happy? Do you want to be happy

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confident morning. ●When 3 in yourself, you will be powerful. Smile ●When you are in 4 , smile at yourself and smile at the trails. ●Smile can make you strong and happy. 知是当你陷入困境中的时候，你应该微笑面对自己和所有考验。故填trouble。 5. imagination【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Talk to others about your feelings...You will find the world is more colorful than you can imagine.〞可知告诉别人你的感受、你有趣的故事以及你的费事，你会发现世界比你想象中的更多姿多彩。out of 后跟名词。故填imagination。

●Share your feelings, your interesting stories and also your troubles with others. Talk to ●Open your heart to the world and you will find the others world is more colorful, which is out of your 5 . 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何每天都保持快乐。我们可以通过自信、微笑、与其别人交谈这三个方式来使我们每天开心。快乐并不难，只要我们做到这三点快乐就离我们很近了。

1.How to be happy【解析】标题归纳题。根据第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了如何快乐的方法。

2. best 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“If you want to be happy in the following hours, please say ‘You are the best!’ to yourself. 〞可知此处表示每天早上提醒自己是最好的。故填best。 3. Believing【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“Believe in yourself, and you can give yourself endless power!〞可知此处指相信你自己。空处需用如今分词作状语。故填Believing。

4. trouble【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句“When you meet some difficulties, what will you do? Do you always drop your head when you are in trouble?〞和倒数第二句“Smile at yourself, and smile at the trials (考验). 〞可

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