翻译硕士英语词汇专项强化真题试卷18(题后含答案及解析)

翻译硕士英语词汇专项强化真题试卷18 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1.

1． The nuclear family ______a self-contained, self-satisfying unit composed of father, mother and children.

A．refers to B．defines C．describes D．devotes to

正确答案：A 解析：本题考查动词(短语)辨析。分析题干句可知，空后内容为对the nuclear family(核心家庭)的解释，故refers to(指的是)为答案。define意为“解释，阐明，给……下定义”。describe意为“描写，形容”。devote to意为“把……献给，贡献于”。句意为：“核心家庭”指的是由父亲、母亲和孩子组成的的、自我满足的单元。

2． The museum arranged the fossils in______order, placing the older fossils dating from the Late Ice Age on the first floor and the more recent fossils on the second floor.

A．alphabetical B．chronological C．random D．arbitrary

正确答案：B

解析：本题考查形容词辨析。根据空后的the older…on the first floor和the more recent…on the second floor可知，博物馆是把化石按一定时间或年代顺序排列的，故答案为chronological(按时间先后顺序排列的，按年代先后顺序排列的)。alphabetical意为“按字母顺序的”。random意为“任意的，随机的”。arbitrary意为“随意的，任意的；专断的，武断的，的”。句意为：博物馆将化石按年代顺序排列，把发现于冰川时代晚期的古老化石放在第一层，把发现于更近时期的化石放在第二层。

3． For those who admire realism, Louis Malle’s recent film succeeds because it consciously shuns the stuff of legend and tells______story as it might actually unfold with fallible people in earthly time.

A．a derivative B．an antiquated C．an unembellished D．an ethereal

正确答案：C

解析：本题考查形容词辨析。根据空前的admire realism(欣赏现实主义)和shuns the stuff of legend(刻意避开坊间传奇的那些事儿)判断，空格处应填与realism相近、与legend相反含义的词，故答案为unembellished(未装饰的，未修饰的)。derivative意为“模仿他人的，缺乏创意的”；antiquated意为“过时的，陈旧的，老式的”；ethereal意为“缥缈的，超凡的”。这三项均不符合语义，故排除。

4． Far from______, the traveler felt so uncomfortable we hardly spoke. A．being relaxed B．relaxed C．relaxing

D．having relaxed

正确答案：A 解析：本题考查语法结构。far from意为“远离……”，用于引申义，意为“远非，决不”，其后可接名词、动名词、形容词等。“放松”是人的感受，应用动词的过去分词，排除relaxing。having relaxed为两个实义动词连用，不符合语法规则，可排除。因此，答案为[A]项。句意为：旅客和我非但没有放松，反而都感觉很不自在，几乎没有说话。

5． The doctor tried last time to explain to the Browns that infants and young children are more ______to the effects of secondhand smoke than adults.

A．conducive B．advantageous C．delicate D．vulnerable

正确答案：D

解析：本题考查形容词辨析。conducive意为“有益于……的，有助于……的”；advantageous意为“有利的，有好处的”；delicate意为“精致的，微妙的，脆弱的，柔和的”。vulnerable意为“(身体上或感情上)易受伤害的，脆弱的”，be vulnerable to为固定搭配，且符合infants and young children和the effects of secondhand smoke的语境，故为答案。根据常识可知，婴儿和儿童对于二手烟的抵抗力较弱。

6． ______Derek nowadays; he’s so busy at the office. A．We see hardly ever B．We hardly see ever C．We hardly ever see D．Hardly we ever see

正确答案：C

解析：本题考查句子结构。两个分句由分号隔开，且两个分句的主语不同，故不能用倒装，因此排除[D]。副词hardly在句中一般在行为动词之前、系动词之后、情态动词或助动词与主要谓语动词之间，故答案为[C]。

7． Although the model looks good on the surface, it will not bear close ______. A．temperament B．scrutiny

C．contamination D．symmetry

正确答案：B

解析：scrutiny详细的检查，仔细的观察。temperament气质，性情。contamination污染。symmetry匀称，整齐。

8． The hapless pair had the misfortune to discover for themselves what any decent guide will inform you: Wangfujing is not the place for better restaurants.

A．unlucky B．persistent C．stubborn D．happy

正确答案：A

解析：句意：这两个倒霉蛋不得不自己亲身体验这样一个事实：王府井的餐厅质量都不好，而这本来是任何导游都能告诉他们的。hapless倒霉的，运气不好的。persistent坚持不懈的。stubborn固执的。

9． It is believed that nomadic ancestors considered bumper harvests as bounty form the “God of Sun” and natural disasters as punishment.

A．victory B．reward C．warning D．persecution

正确答案：B

解析：句意：有人认为，游牧民族的祖先把大丰收看作是太阳之神的慷慨馈赠，而自然灾害则是神的惩罚。bounty奖赏；奖金；慷慨。reward奖赏，奖励。victory胜利。waming警告。persectItion；烦扰。

10． By______scientific rigor with a quantitative approach, researchers in the social sciences may often have______their scope to whose narrowly circumscribed topics that are well suited to quantitative methods.

A．undermining...diminished B．equating...enlarged C．vitiating...expanded

D．identifying...limited

正确答案：D

解析：句意：通过科学而严格的计量方法的鉴定，社会科学家的研究范围被限定在可以运用计量方法的范闱之内。identify鉴定。undermine破坏。diminish减少。equate等同。vitiate损坏。

11． Vigorously challenged yet widely ignored, the theory had languished for half a century, primarily due to its lack of a______mechanism to support the hypothesis.

A．plausible B．credulous C．eligible D．creditable

正确答案：A

解析：句意：因受到有力的挑战进而广泛地遭遇冷淡，这个理论萧条了半个世纪，这主要是因为缺乏可信的漂移机制来证明其论点。plausible貌似可信的。credulous轻信的。eligible合格的。creditable可信的。

12． Once______, this power station will supply all the neighbouring towns and villages with electricity.

A．it being completed B．completed

C．it was completed D．it completing

正确答案：B

解析：句意：一旦建成，这座电站将会给附近所有城镇供电。主句的主语和从句的主语一致，并且从句的谓语动词为be动词时，从句的主语和谓语动词可以省略。

13． Travel can be an excellent______to one’s education. A．complement B．completion C．component D．competitor

正确答案：A

解析：近形词辨析。句意：旅行对于一个人的教育来说是个绝好的补充。complement补足物；补语；余角。completion完成，实现。component成分；组件。competitor竞争者，对手。component强调的是构成某物的成分或部分，a component of sth．某物的一个组成部分。

14． I walked too much yesterday and ______are still aching now. A．my leg’s muscles B．my muscles of leg C．my leg muscles

D．my muscles of the leg

正确答案：C

解析：名词作定语。句意：昨天走了太多的路，我的腿部肌肉现在还疼。此处leg为名词作定语，修饰muscles，指腿部肌肉。a woman doctor“女医生”也属于名词作定语的用法。所有格强调的是归属或所有关系，此处不符合题意。

15． I never go past my old school______I think of Mrs. Smith, the headmaster. A．but

B．however C．which D．that

正确答案：A

解析：本题考查固定结构。never…but为固定结构，属于双重否定(即肯定)，表示“没有……不……”。其中，but是连词，本身具有否定含义，而不能被理解为“但是，可是”。句意：每当经过我的母校时，总是想起校长史密斯夫人。类似表达的典型的谚语有It neveir rains but it pours．(不雨则已，一雨倾盆。／不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。)

16． The guests, having eaten until they were______, now listened inattentively to the speakers.

A．culled B．convened C．saturated D．satiated

正确答案：D

解析：本题考查动词辨析。根据listened inattentively判断，客人们应该是吃得“过饱”，所以在听演讲时注意力不集中。只有satiate(充分满足，过饱)符合语义，故答案为[D]项。cull意为“挑选；剔除”。convene意为“召集，集合”。saturate(使充满，使饱和)常形容“市场饱和”。

17． She is not one of those actresses who______their physical charms; she can act.

A．invalidate B．flaunt C．debauch D．peculate

正确答案：B

解析：本题考查动词辨析。flaunt意为“(含有贬义)夸耀，炫耀”，符合语义，故为答案。invalidate意为“使无效，使作废”；debauch意为“使堕落，败坏”；peculate意为“盗用，挪用(钱财)”。

18． Since the author’s unflattering references to her friends were so______, she was surprised that her allusions were recognized.

A．laudatory B．obvious C．oblique D．critical

正确答案：C

解析：本题考查形容词辨析。根据空后的her allusions were recognized(她的隐喻被识别出来)判断，作者的引用是隐含的，不是直截了当的。laudatory意为“(文章或言谈)表示赞美的，颂扬性的”。obvious意为“显然的，明显的”。oblique意为“拐弯抹角的，不直截了当的”，符合语义，故为答案。critical意为“批评的，批判的”。

19． Around 600 ,000 children under A．age 5 die every year from

B．diseases caused by or exacerbated

C．by outdoor and indoor air pollution, especially from

D．poor nations, UNICEF Executive Director Anthony Lake said in the introduction to a report titled “ Clear the Air for Children.

正确答案：D

解析：from改成in。[D]项from不是与[B]项from并列，而是强调贫困国家五岁以下儿童的死亡情况，故应将from改为in。句意为：联合国儿童基金会执行主任安东尼-雷克在一份名为《为儿童净化空气》的报告的前言中指出，每年约有600 000名五岁以下儿童死于由室内外空气污染导致和加重的疾病，这种情况在贫穷国家尤为严重。

20． The composition of China’s revolutionary united front will not remain______at all times, but is liable to change.

A．constant B．faithful C．staunch D．resolute

正确答案：A 解析：本题考查形容词辨析。根据will not remain______at all times(不会始终保持……)和but is liable to change(而是有变化倾向的)判断，所填形容词含义应与change相反，只有constant(不变的，恒定的)符合题意及逻辑，故为答案。

faithful((对某人、信念、政党等)忠诚的，忠实的)，staunch(坚定的，忠实可靠的)和resolute(坚决的，坚定的)均与题意不符，故排除。China’s revolutionary united front意为“中国统一战线”。

21． ______ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.

A．Were they to arrive B．Were they arriving C．Had they arrived D．Would they arrive

正确答案：A

解析：本题考查虚拟条件句的倒装。虚拟条件句中有were、had、should等助动词时，可将助动词置于句首，将if省略。虚拟语气表示与将来事实相反，主句用should／could／might+动词原形，从句用一般过去时。四个选项中，只有[A]项符合题意，故为正确答案。句意：如果他们后天在我们离开之前来，我们就可以有一个不错的晚宴。

22． Most fishes and many reptiles have ribs along most of the spine, but in mammals ______ only in the chest area.

A．they are found B．finding them C．are found

D．in which they are found

正确答案：A

解析：本题考查句子结构。but连接两个表示转折的并列句子，in mammals和only in the chest area均作状语，故but后的句子缺少主语和谓语，故答案为[A]项。

23． They were pushed into battle______. A．unprepared B．unpreparedly C．not preparing it D．without preparing it

正确答案：A

解析：本题考查句子成分。unprepared是形容词，在句中作主语的补足语，表示主语的状态，故答案为[A]项。

24． His eyesight must be poor, for, as he reads, he bends down ______his face is quite near the printed page.

A．unless B．until

C．since D．as if

正确答案：B

解析：本题考查介词辨析。由“他的视力一定很差”可知，他看书的时候弯腰使脸离书本很近。until(直到)能够使空前后语义及逻辑通顺，故答案为[B]项。unless(除非，如果不)，since(因为，既然)和as if(好像)均不能使语义及逻辑通顺，故均排除。

25． We could tell that she was still______something and it was our job to find out what.

A．canceling B．sheltering C．concealing D．settling

正确答案：C

解析：本题考查动词辨析。根据find out what(弄清是什么事)推断，她仍隐瞒着某事，conceal(隐瞒(信息、等))符合语义，故答案为[C]项。cancel意为“取消，撤销；中止”。shelter意为“庇护；躲避”。settle意为“解决(争端、纠纷)”。