基本句型例句

雅思写作核心句法例句——

一.基础篇

(一) . 雅思写作5大基本句型结构

1: 主语+系动词+表语

1) His statement is somewhat exaggerating.

2) People have become increasingly self-centered.

3) The nuclear weapon remains a threat to the world.

2: 主语+不及物动词

1) Several problems would occur due to the overuse of computers.

2) Opinions to this differ a lot.

3) Children’s obsession with the Internet serves as another example of computers’ bad influences on the young minds.

3: 主语+及物动词+宾语

(雅思写作中使用最多的句子结构)

1) think this is true to a certain extent.

2) Some households do not attempt to recycle their waste.

3) Modern society expects people to know how to speak English.

4) They should not learn to live in a virtual world.

Pattern 4: 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语

1) Subjects like history, geography and biology give students (间接宾语) a valuable introduction (直接宾语) of the forming of both the natural and human worlds.

2) Some students would give a higher rating (直接宾语) to the teacher (简介宾语).

Pattern 5: 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语

1) The government should keep everything in good order.

2) I find myself on their side.

3) I find myself in complete disagreement with this opinion.

4) The advent of technology makes technical and occupational knowledge

more crucial than ever before.

(二) . 基本句型的3个特殊变式

1. there be 句式

1) With the advent of mass-production and the improvement in living standard, there has been a greater need for advertising than ever before.

2) Ideally, there should be a body to monitor such experiments.

3) There has been a debate about whether old people should be forced

to retire from work at the age of sixty, regardless of their own wishes.

2. it 句式

1) It has been suggested by numerous medical experts that this pollution is linked to illness such as cancer and asthma.

2) Some parents find it hard to resist the pleading of their little angels not to be punished like this.

3. 被动句式

1) Public awareness should be raised to conserve fresh water resources—our

lifeblood.

2) Euthanasia is considred by cancer patients to be a decision to die with dignity.

(三) . 基本句型的2种扩展方法

1. 名词的扩展

1) 形容词+名词

The old, cranky caretaker refused to answer our questions. The caretaker, old and cranky, refused to answer our questions.

2) 名词+介词结构

Independence is a very important factor in academic study and research.

3) 名词+定语从句

Boarding schools are ideal for parents whose work takes them abroad.

定语从句

I think there may be some reasons why entertainment stars earn high salaries

but overall I agree that they are overpaid.

These days, we have a proliferation of new buildings that/which look exactly like the buildings our ancestors built.

The trend is not restricted to rich students who have the money to travel, but is also evident among poorer students who choose to work.

Today, teenage students are under increasingly severe stress in their studies, which has disturbed and alarmed many adults.

They tend to be more independent, which is a very important factor in academic study and research.

4) 名词+同位语

Siheyuan, courtyard residences in Beijing, was once seen as the remains of the old world.

5) 名词+不定式 (to do)

It seems that the best way to keep them in good health is to allow them to keep working.

6) 名词+分词结构 (-ed/ -ing)

People in favor of this say that old people, having worked for over thirty or forty years, should not go on working.

2. 动词的扩展

1) 动词+副词

1)) The death penalty needs to be used both often and swiftly in order to deter crime and “give criminals what they deserve”.

2)) Boarding schools are expensive, so demand for

them is usually/virtually limited to high income families. 2) 动词+介词短语

1)) Some people think that physical punishment should be illegal under all circumstances.

2)) For over fifty years, A number of nations have been involved in the exploration of outer space.

3) 动词+状语从句

1)) One of the first things that people need to consider when deciding whether or not to believe the new stories is the source.

When deciding whether or not to believe the new stories, one of the first things that people need to consider is the source.

2)) Young people can choose to stop working and enjoy their leisure time as long as they can make ends meet.

As long as they can make ends meet, young people can choose to stop working and enjoy their leisure time.

常用状语从句连接词例句

The ecological problems are being aggravated; therefore, it is imperative that we take measures to combat the pollution of the environment.

The government should raise the public awareness of environmental preservation, thereby promoting sustainable development and creating a more livable environment.

Self-criticism is necessary in that it helps us to correct our mistakes.

As a result of constant media attention, sports professionals in my country have become stars and celebrities.

In spite of this, the obvious benefits of computer skills for young cannot be denied.

The government plays a crucial role in scientific research; nonetheless, private companies hold certain advantages in conducting scientific research.

Even though it is unlikely that all workers do feel happy in their work, I think it is not unrealistic to promote more job satisfaction in any job

Rote learning is sometimes necessary, albeit stressful.

While modern man leads a stressful life, our ancestors could often perform their business in a leisurely fashion.

The educational and medical facilities in big cities are mostly very advanced. In contrast, their counterparts in the country tend to be of inferior quality.

If large companies are moved to the countryside, the traffic congestion in cities will be alleviated substantially.

Provided that we can minimise the pain of testing animals, animal experimentation should be continued.

二. 高分篇

1. 平行结构

考官范文例句:

1) Satisfaction is also increased by a sense of responsibility for and loyalty to a team. (名词短语平行)

2) Even when chidren use a computer for other purposes, such as getting information or emailing friends, it is no substitute for human interaction. (分词短语平行)

3) Some essays are hard to undrstand, not because they are long but because they are obscure. (从句平行)

2. 状语提前

考官范文例句:

1) Just like the movie stars, they live extravagant lifestyles with huge houses and cars.

2) Unfortunately, it is not always the case that new things are promoted because they have good impacts for the majority of people.

3) In addition to the financial benefits, this kind of job brings intellectual rewards.

4) Living in poverty, these people do not even have money to buy enough food.

5) To alleviate traffic jams, the government should encourage people to take the subway.

3. 强调句

考官范文例句:

1) It is the interaction of the two that shapes a person’s personality and dictates how that personality develops.

2) However, it is also true that it is only those who reach the very top of their profession who can get these huge salaries.

4. 双重否定

考官范文例句:

1) It is not unrealistic to promote more job satisfaction in any job.

2) These days, it is not uncommon that young people have a break from studying after graduating from high school.

5. 虚拟语气

考官范文例句:

3) If this were true, then we would be able to predict the behavior and character of a person from the moment they were born.

4) Without the natural talent, continuous training would be neither attractive nor productive, and without the training, the child would not learn how to exploit and develop their talent.

6. 倒装句

考官范文例句:

1) Not only should the parents spend more time with their children, they should also try to communicate with their children more often.

2) Strange as it may seem, parents’ attention sometimes hinders students’ academic development.

3) Only in this way can this issue be effectively solved.

4) Under no circumstances/ On no account should teachers hit their students.

7. 下定义

考官范文例句:

1) So feelings about one’s job must reflect how an individual feels about his or her life as a whole.

2) Happiness is, essentially, satisfaction of specific human desire.

3) High-caliber journalists are best characterised by their discipline, determination and dignity.

8. 释义

考官范文例句:

1) Talent is what distinguishes a person who has been trained to play a sport or an instrument, from those who become good players. In other words, there is more to the skill than a learned technique.

2) Young adults may end up never returning studies or finding it difficult to readapt to an academic environment. By that I mean they may think that it is better to continue in a particular job.

3) Overall, I think the ability to keep clear perspective in life is a more essential factor in achieving happiness. By that I mean an ability to have a clear sense of what is important in our lives and what is not.

4) These children are often spoilt, not in terms of love and attention but in more material ways— that is to say, they are allowed to have whatever they want

and to behave as they please.

英语五种基本句型

句子是由主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、宾语补足语等组成的。英语句子有长有短，有简有繁，似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但其实只有五种基本句型。所有英语句子都可以看成是这五种基本句型的扩大、组合、省略或倒装。因此掌握这五大句型，是掌握其他各种英语句子结构的基础。

英语句子依其组合方式可分为以下五种基本句型，句子成分的表示法为： S：Subject（主语）, V：Verb（动词）,O：Object（宾语）, IO : Indirect Object (间接宾语), DO: Direct Object (直接宾语) , P：Predicative（表语）, OC： Object Complement（宾语补足语）。

五种基本句型见下表（S＝主，V＝谓，O＝宾，P＝表，IO＝间宾 ，DO＝直宾，OC＝宾补）：

种类 句型 例句

第1种 S+V We work. (不及物)

第2种 S+V+O He plays (及物) the piano.

第3种 S+V+P We are(系动词) students.

第4种 S+V+IO+DO She gave(及物) me a pen.

第5种 S+V+O+OC He made(及物) the boy laugh.

一、 第1种句型：S+V（主语+不及物动词）

1、Birds fly. 鸟飞。

主语＋谓语 (不及物动词)

2、He runs in the park. 他在公园里跑。

主语＋谓语 ＋地点状语 (不及物动词)

此句型是“主语+不及物动词”构成句子的主体部分。因为是不及物动词，后面当然不能带宾语了，但是可以有状语来修饰。例如上面例句中的 in the park就是地点状语。

3、Class begins.（begin在句中是不及物动词）上课了。

比较：We begin our class at eight. 我们八点钟开始上课。

该句则属于第2种句型，begin在句中是及物动词，由此可见有些动词既可作及物动词也可以作不及物动词。

只能当不及物动词的词（必背！）：

sleep 睡觉 walk 步行 swim 游泳 happen（take place）发生 go去

come来 work 工作 laugh 笑 stay呆在…… arrive 到达

二、 第2种句型：S+V+O（主语+及物动词+宾语）

My father read the book. 我父亲读过那本书.

主语 谓语 (及物动词) 宾语

注意：有些不及物动词后面加上介词就可把它看成一个及物动词，后面就可以加宾语了。如：

4、You must listen to me. 你必须听我的。

（Listen是不及物动词。但加上to之后，listen to可以看成一个及物动词。）

可以带宾语的动词是及物动词，可以充当宾语的有名词和名词的相当语（如代词、不定式、动名词及宾语从句）。 如：

5、She likes English. 她喜欢英语。（名词作宾语）

6、I know him very well. 我非常了解他。（代词作宾语）

（同第一种句型一样，本句型可以有状语、定语修饰）

7、They want to go. 他们想走。（不定式作宾语）

8、He stopped writing. 他停下笔。（动名词作宾语）

9、The teacher advised that we learn English well. 老师建议我们学好英语。(宾语从句)

三、 第3种句型：S+V+P （主语+系动词+表语）

10、He became a scientist. 他成为一个科学家了。

主语 谓语 (系动词) 表语

be动词和become是英语中常见的系动词，后面必须接表语，才能用来说明主语， 表示“……是……”，“……变成……”等意思。 表语通常是名词或形容词等。

11、They are honest. 他们是诚实的。

12、He became a scientist. 他成为了一个科学家。

13、 His face goes red. 他的脸变红了。

14、 It grew dark. 天变黑了。

注意 ：在英语中，除了be动词和become属于系动词外，还有一些实义动词在表示状态存在或表示状态变化时也可以作系动词。这些词有：

keep保持， look看起来， feel觉得， smell 闻起来， sound 听起来， taste 尝

起来，grow/get/go/turn 变得 remain 仍然是

四、 第4种句型：S+V+IO+DO （主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语）

15、He gave Tom a present. 他给了汤姆一件礼物。

主 谓(及物) 宾(间接) 宾(直接)

16、Give it to me. 把它给我。

谓(及物) 宾(直接) 宾(间接)

1）、及物动词作谓语时，后面要跟宾语，宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象（参见第2种句型）。但有些动词，除了直接宾语外，还要求一个间接宾语，这个间接宾语通常是及物动词的动作所涉及的人或物，也可以说是间接宾语表示动作是对谁做的，或是为谁做的，所以只能是名词或宾格代词担当。

17、We sent them a telegram. 我们给他们打了个电报。

主 谓 宾(间接) 宾(直接)

（ 必背！）常带双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的动词（分为A、B两类）：

A：动词后加to:

give 给 show给……看 send寄，打电报 bring带…… read读……

pass递给…… lend借给…… leave留给…… hand交给…… tell告诉……

return把…还给… write给…写信

B: 动词后加for:

buy给/为某人买… draw 替/给某人画… make 为某人制作…

【秘诀】

“七给”“一带”to不少，

“买”“画”“制作”for来了。

【说明】常跟双宾语的动词“七给”(give, hand，lend, pass, show, send, write)和“一带”(bring)8个及物动词，在直接宾语前置时，必须在后面加上to。即：“vt.+sth.+to+sb.”。buy，draw，make三个动词，在直接宾语前置时，则必须在后面加for，构成“vt.+sth.+for+sb.”句型。

关于是否接to 或者接for ，一般都是语言习惯用法的问题，英文中习惯怎么用，就应该怎样来用，没有什么道理可讲。 另外关于to, for 区分的基本原则： to (表示动作对什么人而做)， for (表示动作为什么人而做) ，如：

Read the first paragraph to me.

用to表示读的动作是对我而做的。本句的意思是：把第一段读给我听。

五、 第5种句型：S+V+O+OC（主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语）

在此句型中的动词，叫做可以跟复合宾语的动词，在英语中，这样的动词也不多。后面的宾语补足语是说明宾语的情况的，宾语和宾语补足语一起被称做复合宾语。这个句式是英语中比较复杂的一个句式，因为复合宾语的构成内容较多。下面句子中划线部分为宾语补足语。

1. He found his new job boring. (形容词做宾补)

2. The called their daughter Mary. (名词做宾补)

3. This placed her in a very difficult position. (介词短语做宾补)

4. We went to her house but found her out. (副词做宾补)

5. What do you advise me to do？(不定式做宾补)

6. We thought him to be an honest man. (to be做宾补)

7. He believed them to have discussed the problem. (不定式的完成式做宾补)

8. He believed her to be telling the truth. (不定式的进行式做宾补)

9. Did you notice him come in？(不带to的不定式做宾补)

【秘诀】

不定式，作宾补，

下列词后省去to：

一“感”二“听”四“看见”

外加三个“小使役”，

保你永远会记住。

【说明】“一感”指feel。“二听”指hear, listen to。“四看见”指notice, observe, see, watch。 三个“小使役”指have, let, make三个使役动词。在这些动词后有不定式作宾补时，不定式的符号to往往要省去。

10. I saw her chatting with Nancy. (现在分词做宾补)

11. He watched the piano carried upstairs. (过去分词做宾补)

注意：在这个结构中，可以出现用it做形式上的宾语，把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语的后面。在此结构中，宾语常常是动词不定式或宾语从句。

1. He felt it his duty to mention this to her.

分析：it是形式宾语，his duty是宾语补足语，to mention this to her是真正的宾语。

2. I think it best that you should stay with us.

分析：it是形式宾语，best是宾语补足语，that you should stay

with us是真正的宾语。

注意：

1. 习惯用语的使用

在英语中，有很多动词习惯用语，在学习的过程中，要注意它们的使用，不必分析单独每个词的使用。

例：

We are short of money. (be short of中short做表语)

She is always making trouble for her friends. (trouble做make的宾语)

He has carried out our instructions to the letter. (our instructions做词组carry out的宾语)

We are waiting for the rain to stop. (wait for后面的the rain是宾语，to stop是宾语补足语)

2. 在英语中，大多数动词既可以做及物动词又可以做不及物动词，而且还会有一些固定词组，因此一个动词可以用于几种句型。

例：ask：

① Did you ask the price？(直接接名词做宾语)

② She asked them their names. (接双宾语)

③ I asked James to buy some bread. (接宾语加不定式做宾语补足语)

④ I asked to speak to Fred. (接不定式做宾语)

⑤ Didn't you ask him in？(在此句中和副词in连用)

⑥ He has asked for an interview with the President. (组成固定词组ask for

3. There be句型是一种特殊的句子，真正的主语在后面，含义为“有……”

① 谓语动词和主语保持一致：There is a television in the sitting room.

② 有两个或更多的主语时，动词一般和最近的一个保持一致：There are two girls and a boy dancing in the hall.

③ 主语的后面有时有修饰语：There are a lot of difficulties facing us. There were many things to be done. (此处也可以使用to do).

④ 谓语动词be可以有时态的变化: There will be a concert in the park tonight. There was little change in him.

⑤ 谓语也可以有不定式构成的复合谓语。

There used to be a cinema here.

There seems to be something the matter with her.

Is there going to be any activity tonight?

⑥ there be句式变疑问句，把be提前；变翻译疑问句也要借助there。

Is there any hope of getting the job?

There is nothing wrong with your watch，is there?

⑦ there be句型中也可以使用诸如：live，follow，come，stand，sit，exist等不及物动词：

Once upon a time, there lived a fisherman on the island.

There came a knock at the door.

At the top of the hill there stands an old temple.

⑧ 用于非谓语的情况下，有时用不定式的复合结构there to be或动名词的复合结构和独立主格结构there being:

You wouldn't want there to be another war. (不定式的复合结构)

The teacher was satisfied with there being no mistakes in his homework. (动名词的复合结构)

There being nothing else to do，we went home. (独立主格结构)