word list 2 GRE

affected ;a;f;f;e;c;t;e;d; adjective;

artificial and not sincere ;

an affected manner/style of writing; I found her very affected.

2;

affection ;a;f;fe;c;t;I;o;n; noun;

1. a feeling of liking for a person or place; He had a deep affection for his aunt. She felt no affection for the child. 2. affections ;

feelings of liking or love ;

The former president still holds a place in the nation's affections. Sula seems to have transferred her affections from Jon to his brother. 3. win sb's affections ;

to succeed in persuading someone to love you ;

3;

affidavit ;a;f;f;I’d;a;v;I;t; noun;

a written statement which someone makes after they have sworn officially to tell the truth, and which might be

used as proof in a court of law ; 4;

affiliate ;a;f;f;I;l;I;a;t;e; verb;

to cause a group to become part of or form a close relationship with another, usually larger, group or

organization ;

a college affiliated to the University of London ;

The school is affiliated with a national association of driving schools.

5;

affiliation ;a;f;f;I;l;I;a;t;I;o;n; noun;

a connection with a political party or religion, or with a larger organization ; The group has affiliations with several organizations abroad.

Their lack of affiliation to any particular bank allows them to give objective financial advice. political affiliations ;

6;

affinity ;a;f;f;I;n;I;t;y; noun;

1. a liking or sympathy for someone or something, especially because of shared characteristics ; She seems to have a natural affinity for/with water. 2. a close similarity between two things ;

There are several close affinities between the two paintings.

7;

affirm ;a;f;f;I;r;m; verb;

1. to state something as true ;

The suspect affirmed (that) he had been at home all evening. She affirmed her intention to apply for the post. 2. to publicly state your support for an opinion or idea ; The government has affirmed its commitment to equal rights.

8;

affix ;a;f;f;I;x; verb;

to fix one thing to another ;

She affixed a stamp to the envelope.

9;

affix ;a;f;f;I;x; noun;

a letter or group of letters which are added to the beginning or end of a word to make a new word ; The affixes un- and -less are often used to make negative words, such as 'unhappy' and 'careless'.

10;

afflict ;a;f;f;l;I;c;t; verb;

If a problem or illness afflicts a person or thing, they suffer from it ; It is an illness which afflicts women more than men. a country afflicted by civil war;

11;

affliction ;a;f;f;l;I;c;t;I;o;n; noun;

something that makes you suffer ;

Malnutrition is one of the common afflictions of the poor.

12;

affluent ;a;f;f;l;u;e;n;t; adjective;

having a lot of money or owning a lot of things; rich ; affluent nations/neighbourhoods ;

13; affluence ;a;f;f;l;u;e;n;c;e; noun;

What we are seeing increasingly is a society of private affluence and public squalor.

14;

affordable ;a;f;f;o;r;d;a;b;l;e; adjective;

not expensive;

nice clothes at affordable prices ;

15;

affront ;a;f;f;r;o;n;t; verb;

to insult or offend someone ;

I was most affronted by his comments. an affronted look/glance ;

16;

agenda ;a;g;e;n;d;a; noun;

1. a list of matters to be discussed at a meeting ; There were several important items on the agenda.

The question of security is high on the agenda for this afternoon's meeting. 2. a list of aims or possible future achievements ;

Women's rights have been put back on the agenda (= are being discussed publicly again) .

The subject of safety must be placed high on/at the top of the agenda (= must be discussed because it is very

important) .

Education was placed firmly on the political agenda in the Prime Minister's weekend speech.

17;

agglomeration ;a;g;g;l;o;m;e;r;a;t;I;o;n; noun;

a large group of many different things collected or brought together ; an agglomeration of various ethnic and religious groupings ;

18;

aggrandize ;a;g;g;r;a;n;d;iz;e; verb;

1 : to make great or greater : increase, enlarge ; 2 : to make appear great or greater : praise highly;

3 : to enhance the power, wealth, position, or reputation of ;

19;

aggravate ;a;g;g;r;a;v;a;t;e; verb; MAKE WORSE ;

1. to make a bad situation worse ;

Attempts to restrict parking in the city centre have further aggravated the problem of traffic congestion. 2. to make a disease worse ;

The treatment only aggravated the condition.

20;

aggravate ;a;g;g;r;a;v;a;t;e; verb; ANNOY;

3. IN to annoy someone ; Stop aggravating me, will you!

21;

aggregate ;a;g;g;r;e;g;a;t;e; adjective;

total;

The seven companies have an aggregate turnover of £5.2 million.

22;

aggregate ;a;g;g;r;e;g;a;t;e; ;verb;

to combine into a single group or total ;

23;

aggression ;a;g;g;r;e;s;s;I;o;n; noun;

1. spoken or physical behaviour which is threatening or involves harm to someone or something ; Some types of dog are bred for aggression. an act of aggression ;

2. forceful playing in sport that is intended to win points ;

24;

aggressive ;a;g;g;r;e;s;s;I;v;e; adjective;

1. behaving in an angry and violent way towards another person; Men tend to be more aggressive than women.

If I criticize him, he gets aggressive and starts shouting.

2. determined to win or succeed and using forceful action to achieve victory or success ; an aggressive election campaign ; aggressive marketing tactics ;

Both players both won their first-round matches in aggressive style.

25;

aggressor ;a;g;g;r;e;s;s;o;r; noun;

a person or country that starts an argument, fight or war by attacking first ;

26;

aggrieved ;a;g;g;r;I;e;v;e;d; adjective;

unhappy and angry because of unfair treatment; He felt aggrieved at not being chosen for the team.

One aggrieved customer complained that he still hadn't received the book he had ordered several weeks ago.

27;

agile ;a;g;I;l;e; adjective; PHYSICALLY ;

1. able to move your body quickly and easily ; Monkeys are very agile climbers.

You need to have agile fingers to do this kind of work.

28;

agile ;a;g;I;l;e; adjective; MENTALLY;

2. able to think quickly and clearly;

For a man of 80, he has a remarkably agile mind .

29; agility ;a;g;I;l;I;t;y; noun;

He's got the agility of a mountain goat. This job requires considerable mental agility.

30;

agitate ;a;g;I;t;a;t;e; verb; MAKE LESS CALM ;

1. to make someone feel anxious or angry; I didn't want to agitate her by telling her.

31;

agitate ;a;g;I;t;a;t;e; verb; ARGUE ;

2. to argue forcefully, especially in public, in order to achieve a particular type of change ; The unions continue to agitate for higher pay.

As a young man, he had agitated against the Vietnam war.

32;

agitate ;a;g;I;t;a;t;e; verb; SHAKE;

3. to shake a liquid;

Pour the powder into the solution and agitate it until the powder has dissolved.

33; agitated ;a;g;I;t;a;t;e;d; adjective;

She became very agitated (= anxious) when her son failed to return home.

34;

agnostic ;a;g;n;o;s;t;I;c; adjective;

having the beliefs of an agnostic ;

35;

agog ;a;g;o;g; adjective;

excited; eager to know or see more ; We waited agog for news.

36;

agony ;a;g;o;n;y; noun;

extreme physical or mental pain or suffering; She lay there screaming in agony. I was in an agony of suspense.

We've both suffered agonies of guilt over what happened.

37;

agrarian ;a;g;r;a;r;I;a;n; adjective;

1. related to the land, especially farms, and its ownership ; This is prime agrarian land.

2. describes a place or country that makes its money from farming rather than industry ; This part of the country is mainly agrarian.

38;

agreeable ;a;g;r;e;e;a;b;l;e; adjective; PLEASANT ;

1. pleasant; pleasing;

We spent a most agreeable evening by the river.

39;

agreeable ;a;g;r;e;e;a;b;l;e; adjective; AGREEING ;

2. able to be accepted by everyone ;

The talks are aimed at finding a mutually agreeable solution.

We must find a compromise that is agreeable to both sides of the party. 3. willing to do or accept something ;

If Bridget is agreeable to the proposal, we'll start the project in June.

40; Agronomy ;A;g;r;o;n;o;m;y; noun;

a branch of agriculture dealing with field-crop production and soil management;

41;

ail ;a;i;l; verb; BE/MAKE ILL;

2. to be ill, or to cause to be ill;

She had been ailing for years before she died. What 's ailing you? Is it your leg again?

42;

airborne ;a;I;r;b;o;r;n;e; adjective;

in the air, or carried by air or wind or by an aircraft; flying ;

The airborne radioactive particles have covered a huge area of Russia. Airborne troops were dropped by parachute behind enemy lines.

The old plane had great difficulty getting airborne (= rising into the air) .

43;

airtight ;a;I;r;t;I;g;h;t; adjective;

completely closed so that no air can get in or out ;

Biscuits will stay crisp if you keep them in an airtight container.

44;

alabaster ;a;l;a;b;a;s;t;e;r; noun;

an almost transparent white stone, often used for making decorative objects ;

45;

alacrity ;a;l;a;c;r;I;t;y; noun;

speed and eagerness ;

She accepted the money with alacrity.

46;

albeit ;a;l;b;e;I;t; conjunction;

although;

The evening was very pleasant, albeit a little quiet. He tried, albeit without success.

47;

alchemy ;a;l;c;h;em;y; noun;

1. a type of chemistry, especially from about the years 1100 to 1500, which dealt with trying to find a way to

change ordinary metals into gold and with trying to find a medicine which would cure any disease ;

2. a process that is so effective that it seems like magic ;

She manages, by some extraordinary alchemy, to turn the most ordinary of ingredients into the most delicious of

dishes. 48;

alcove ;a;l;c;o;v;e; noun;

a small space in a room, formed by one part of a wall being further back than the parts on each side ; We've put some bookshelves in the alcove.

49;

Alert; ;a;l;e;r;t; ;adjective;

quick to see, understand and act in a particular situation ; I'm not feeling very alert today - not enough sleep last night!

A couple of alert readers wrote in to the paper pointing out the mistake. Parents should be alert to sudden changes in children's behaviour.

50;

alert ;a;l;e;r;t; noun;

a warning to people to be prepared to deal with something dangerous ; a bomb alert ;

The army was put on (full) alert as the peace talks began to fail.

The public were warned to be on the alert for (= watching carefully for) suspicious packages.

51;

alias ;a;l;I;a;s; ;noun;

a false name, especially one used by a criminal ; He travels under (= using) an alias.

52;

alibi ;a;l;I;b;I; noun;

1. proof that someone who is thought to have committed a crime could not have done it, especially the fact or

statement that they were in another place at the time it happened ;

He has a cast-iron (= very strong) alibi - he was in hospital the week of the murder. 2. an excuse for something bad or for a failure ;

After eight years in power, the government can no longer use the previous government's policy as an alibi for its

own failure. 53;

alienate ;a;l;I;e;n;a;t;e; verb; NOT WELCOME ;

2. to make someone feel that they are different and do not belong to a group ; Disagreements can alienate teenagers from their families.

;

align ;a;l;I;g;n; verb;

to put two or more things into a straight line ;

When you've aligned the notch on the gun with the target, fire! Align the ruler and the middle of the paper and then cut it straight.

55; alimentary ;a;l;I;me;n;t;a;r;y; noun;

1 : of or relating to nourishment or nutrition; 2 : furnishing sustenance or maintenance;

56;

alkali ;a;l;k;a;l;I; noun;

a substance which has the opposite effect or chemical behaviour to an acid;

57;

allay ;a;l;l;a;y; verb;

If you allay a strong emotion felt by someone, such as fear or worry, you cause them to feel it less or to feel calm

again ;

The government is trying to allay public fears/concern about the spread of the disease.

58;

allege ;a;l;l;e;g;e; verb;

to state that someone has done something illegal or wrong without giving proof ; The two men allege (that) the police forced them to make false confessions. Mr Smythe is alleged to have been at the centre of an international drugs ring. It was alleged that Johnson had struck Mr Rahim on the head.

59;

allegiance ;a;l;l;e;g;I;a;n;c;e; noun;

loyalty and support for a ruler, country, group or belief ; Soldiers must swear allegiance to the Crown/the King.

In many American schools, the students pledge allegiance (to the flag) at the beginning of the school day. As an Englishman who'd lived for a long time in France, he felt a certain conflict of allegiances when the two

countries played soccer. 60;

allegory ;a;l;l;e;g;o;r;y; noun;

a story, play, poem, picture or other work in which the characters and events represent particular qualities or

ideas, related to morals, religion or politics ;

The play can be read as allegory.

Saint Augustine's 'City of God' is an allegory of the triumph of Good over Evil.

61;

allergic ;a;l;l;e;r;g;I;c; adjective;

1. having an allergy ; I'm allergic to cats. 2. caused by an allergy; an allergic reaction ;

3. HUMOROUS having a strong dislike of something ; My dad's allergic to pop music.

62;

allergy ;a;l;l;e;r;g;y; noun;

a condition that makes a person become ill or develop skin or breathing problems because they have eaten certain

foods or been near certain substances ;

an allergy to wheat; a wheat allergy ;

63;

alleviate ;a;l;l;e;v;I;a;t;e; verb;

to make something bad such as pain or problems less severe ; The drugs did nothing to alleviate her pain/suffering.

;

allocate ;a;l;l;o;c;a;t;e; verb;

to give something to someone as their share of a total amount, for them to use in a particular way; The government is allocating £10 million for health education.

As project leader, you will have to allocate people jobs/allocate jobs to people.

It is not the job of the investigating committee to allocate blame for the disaster/to allocate blame to individuals.

65;

allowance ;a;l;l;o;w;a;n;c;e; noun; AMOUNT GIVEN ;

1. money that you are given regularly, especially to pay for a particular thing ;

The perks of the job include a company pension scheme and a generous travel allowance. I couldn't have managed at college if I hadn't had an allowance from my parents. 2. an amount of something that you are allowed ;

The baggage/luggage allowance for most flights is 20 kilos.

66;

allowance ;a;l;l;o;w;a;n;c;e; noun; PLANNING ;

4. make allowance for ; to prepare for the possibility of;

We should make allowance for bad weather and have plenty of umbrellas available.

67;

Allowance; ;a;l;l;o;w;a;n;c;e; noun; ACCEPTING ;

5. make allowances for ;

To make allowances for someone or their characteristics is to think about their characteristics and not judge them

too severely ;

You should make allowances for him - he's been quite ill recently.

\"This is a poor piece of work.\" \"Yes, but you should make allowances for the fact that she's only seven.\"

68; 69;

allude ;a;l;l;u;d;e; ;verb;

alluring ;a;l;l;u;r;I;n;g; ;adjective;

attractive or exciting ;

I didn't find the prospect of a house with no electricity very alluring. She was wearing a most alluring dress at Sam's dinner party.

70;

allusion ;a;l;l;u;s;I;o;n; noun;

something that is said or written that is intended to make you think of a particular thing or person; The film is full of allusions to Hitchcock. Her novels are packed with literary allusions.

71;

aloft ;a;l;o;f;t; adverb;

in the air or in a higher position ; We held our glasses aloft.

72;

aloof ;a;l;o;o;f; adjective;

1. describes an unfriendly person who refuses to take part in things ; She seemed rather aloof when in fact she was just shy.

2. not interested or involved, usually because you do not approve of what is happening ; Whatever is happening in the office, she always remains aloof. She kept herself aloof from her husband's business.

73;

alphabetical ;a;l;p;h;a;b;e;t;I;c;a;l; adjective;

arranged in the same order as the letters of the alphabet ; an alphabetical list ;

The names are published in alphabetical order .

74;

alter ;a;l;te;r; verb; CHANGE ;

1. to change something, usually slightly, or to cause the characteristics of something to change ; We've had to alter some of our plans.

Although long-distance phone calls are going up, the charge for local calls will not alter. Giving up our car has radically altered our lifestyle. 2. to change the size of clothes so that they fit better I took the coat back to the shop to have it altered.

75;

alternate ;a;l;t;e;r;n;a;t;e; verb;

1. to happen or exist one after the other repeatedly ; She alternated between cheerfulness and deep despair.

2. to make something happen or exist one after the other repeatedly ; He alternated working in the office with long tours overseas.

76;

alternate ;a;l;t;e;r;n;a;t;e; adjective;

1. with first one thing, then another thing, and then the first thing again ; a dessert with alternate layers of chocolate and cream

2. If something happens on alternate days, it happens every second day ; Private cars are banned from the city on alternate days.

3. US ( UK alternative ) An alternate plan or method is one that you can use if you do not want to use another one.

77;

altruism ;a;l;t;r;u;I;s;m; ;noun;

willingness to do things which bring advantages to other people, even if it results in disadvantage for yourself ; She's not known for her altruism.

78;

altruistic ;a;l;t;r;u;I;s;t;I;c; adjective;

showing a wish to help or bring advantages to other people, even if it results in disadvantage for yourself; I doubt whether her motives for donating the money are altruistic - she's probably looking for publicity.

79;

aluminium ;a;l;u;m;I;n;I;u;m; ;noun;

a light metallic element which is silver in colour and used especially for making cooking equipment and aircraft

parts ;

an aluminium saucepan ;

Cover the fish with aluminium foil and cook over a low heat. We take all our aluminium cans for recycling.

80;

amalgam ;a;m;a;l;g;a;m; noun; METALS ;

1. a mixture of mercury and another metal, especially one used by dentists to repair teeth ; an amalgam filling ;

81;

amalgam ;a;m;a;l;g;a;m; noun; MIXTURE ;

2. a combination of parts that create a complete whole ;

The show was a wonderful amalgam of dance, music and drama. Nearly every new parent feels an amalgam of joy and terror.

82;

amalgamate ;a;m;a;l;g;a;m;a;t;e; verb;

to join or unite to form a larger organization or group, or to make separate organizations do this ; The electricians' union is planning to amalgamate with the technicians' union. The different offices will be amalgamated as/into employment advice centres.

83;

amass ;a;m;;a;s;s; verb;

to get a large amount of something, especially money or information, by collecting it over a long period ; She has amassed a huge fortune from her novels.

Some of his colleagues envy the enormous wealth that he has amassed.

84;

amateur ;a;;m;a;t;e;;u;r; noun;

1. a person who takes part in an activity for pleasure, not as a job ; This tennis tournament is open to both amateurs and professionals. 2. someone who does not have much skill in what they do ;

I won't be giving them any more work - they're a bunch of amateurs.

85;

amateurish ;a;m;a;t;e;u;r;I;s;h; adjective;

having no skill, or showing no skill; Their website looks amateurish.

86;

ambidextrous ;a;m;;b;I’d;e;x;t;r;o;u;s; adjective;

able to use both hands equally well;

87;

ambiguous ;a;m;b;I;g;u;o;u;s; adjective;

having or expressing more than one possible meaning, sometimes intentionally ; His reply to my question was somewhat ambiguous. The wording of the agreement is ambiguous. The government has been ambiguous on this issue.

88;

ambivalent ;a;m;b;I;v;a;l;e;n;t; adjective;

having two opposing feelings at the same time, or being uncertain about how you feel ; I felt very ambivalent about leaving home.

He has fairly ambivalent feelings towards his father. an ambivalent attitude to exercise ;

; ambivalence ;a;m;b;I;v;a;l;e;n;c;e; noun;

the state of feeling or being ambivalent ; her ambivalence towards men ;

90;

amble ;a;m;b;l;e; ;verb;

to walk in a slow and relaxed way ; He was ambling along the beach.

She ambled down the street, stopping occasionally to look in the shop windows.

91;

amble ;a;m;b;l;e; noun;

a slow, relaxed walk ;

There's nothing I enjoy more than a leisurely amble across the moor.

92;

ambush ;a;m;b;u;s;h; verb;

to suddenly attack a person or a group of people after hiding and waiting for them ; Five soldiers died after their bus was ambushed on a country road. He was ambushed by gunmen on his way to work.

93;

ambush ;a;m;b;u;s;h noun;

1. an occasion when a person or group of people are ambushed ; Several passers-by were killed in the ambush.

Fear of ambush prevents the police from going to high-risk areas. 2. lie/wait in ambush ;

If someone lies in/waits in ambush, they hide and wait for someone in order to attack them.

94;

ameliorate ;a;m;;e;l;I;o;r;a;t;e; verb;

to make a bad or unpleasant situation better;

Foreign aid is badly needed to ameliorate the effects of the drought.

95;

amenable ;a;m;e;n;a;b;l;e; adjective;

willing to accept or be influenced by a suggestion;

She might be more amenable to the idea if you explained how much money it would save. Do you think the new manager will prove more amenable to our proposals?

96;

amend ;a;m;e;n;d; ;verb;

to change the words of a text, especially a law or a legal document ; MPs were urged to amend the law to prevent another oil tanker disaster. In line 20, 'men' should be amended (= changed) to 'people'.

Until the constitution is amended, the power to appoint ministers will remain with the president.

97;

amendment ;a;m;e;n;d;m;e;n;t; noun;

1. a change made to the words of a text ;

He insisted that the book did not need amendment. I've made a few last-minute amendments to the article.

Presidential power was reduced by a constitutional amendment in 1991. 2. a change to a law that is not yet in operation and is still being discussed ; An amendment to the bill was agreed without a vote.

98;

amenity ;a;m;e;n;I;t;y; noun;

1. something, such as a swimming pool or shopping centre, that is intended to make life more pleasant or

comfortable for the people in a town, hotel or other place;

The council has some spare cash which it proposes to spend on public amenities. 2. basic amenities ;

things considered to be necessary to live comfortably such as hot water ;

The 200-year-old jail is overcrowded, understaffed and lacking in basic amenities.

99;

amiable ;a;m;I;a;b;l;e; adjective;

describes a person or their behaviour that is pleasant and friendly ; He seemed an amiable young man.

So amiable was the mood of the meeting that a decision was soon reached.

100; amicable ;a;m;I;c;a;b;l;e; adjective;

1. relating to behaviour between people that is pleasant and friendly often despite a difficult situation; His manner was perfectly amicable but I felt uncomfortable.

2. relating to an agreement or decision that is achieved without arguments or unpleasantness ; Few people have amicable divorces .

Eventually we reached an amicable settlement .

101; amity ;a;m;I;t;y; noun;

friendship; a good relationship ;

The two groups had lived in perfect amity for many years before the recent troubles.

102; amnesia ;a;m;n;e;s;I;a; noun;

loss of the ability to remember ;

After the accident he suffered periods of amnesia.

103; amnesty ;a;m;n;e;s;t;y; noun;

1. a decision by a government that allows political prisoners to be free ; Most political prisoners were freed under the terms of the amnesty.

2. a fixed period of time during which people are not punished for committing a particular crime ; People who hand in illegal weapons will not be prosecuted during the amnesty.

The government refused to declare an amnesty for people who had not paid the disputed tax.

104; amorphous ;a;m;or;p;h;o;u;s; adjective;

having no fixed form or shape ; an amorphous mass of jelly;

105; amortize ;a;m;o;r;t;I;z;e; verb;

to reduce a debt by paying small regular amounts ;

The value of the machinery is amortized over its estimated useful life.

106; amphibian ;a;m;p;h;I;b;I;a;n; noun;

an animal, such as a frog , which lives both on land and in water but must produce its eggs in water;

107; ample ;a;m;p;l;e; adjective; ENOUGH ;

1. more than enough ;

You'll have ample opportunity to ask questions after the talk.

There's ample evidence that the lawyer knew exactly what she was doing. They had ample warning of the factory closure.

108; amplify ;a;m;p;l;I;f;y; verb;

1. to make something louder ; amplified music/guitar ;

2. to increase the size or effect of something;

A funeral can amplify the feelings of regret and loss for the relatives.

109; amplitude ;a;m;p;l;I;t;u;d;e; noun; LARGE AMOUNT ;

1. a large amount or wide range ;

The sheer amplitude of the novel invites comparisons with Tolstoy and George Eliot.

110; amulet ;a;m;u;l;e;t; noun;

an object worn because it is believed to protect against evil, disease or unhappiness ;

111; amuse ;a;m;u;s;e; verb;

1. to entertain someone, especially by humorous speech or action or by making someone laugh or smile; I've brought with me an article from yesterday's paper that I thought might amuse you. I think it amuses him to see people make fools of themselves. Apparently these stories are meant to amuse.

2. to keep someone happy, especially for a short time We amused ourselves by watching the passers-by.

Shall I put on a video to amuse the kids while we're packing?

112; anachronistic ;a;n;a;c;h;r;o;n;I;s;t;I;c; adjective;

He described the law as anachronistic (= more suitable for an earlier time) and ridiculous.

113; anaerobic ;a;n;a;e;r;o;b;I;c; adjective;

not needing or without oxygen ;

Some bacteria can only live in anaerobic conditions .

114; anagram ;a;n;a;g;r;a;m; ;noun;

a word or phrase made by using the letters of another word or phrase in a different order ; 'Neat' is an anagram of 'a net'.

115; analgesic ;a;na;l;g;e;s;I;c; noun;

a type of drug which stops you from feeling pain ;

This cream contains a mild analgesic to soothe stings and bites.

116; analgesic ;a;n;a;l;g;e;s;I;c; adjective;

analgesic properties ;

117; analogy ;a;n;al;o;g;y; noun;

a comparison between things which have similar features, often used to help explain a principle or idea ; He drew an analogy between the brain and a vast computer.

It is sometimes easier to illustrate an abstract concept by analogy with (= by comparing it with) something

concrete.

118; analogous ;a;n;a;l;og;o;u;s; adjective;

The experience of mystic trance is in a sense analogous to sleep or drunkenness.

119; analyze ;a;n;a;l;y;z;e; verb;

to study or examine something in detail, in order to discover more about it ; Researchers analysed the purchases of 6300 households.

Water samples taken from streams were analysed for contamination by chemicals.

120; anarchist ;a;n;a;r;c;h;I;s;t; noun;

1. a person who believes in anarchism ; He was a poet, an anarchist and a vegan. an anarchist group/slogan/bookshop ;

2. someone who wishes to destroy the existing government and laws ; anarchist tendencies/demonstrations

121; anarchy ;a;n;a;r;c;h;y; noun;

a situation in which there is no organization and control, especially in society because there is no effective

government ;

What we are witnessing is the country's slow slide into anarchy.

The country has been in a state of anarchy since the inconclusive election. If the pay deal isn't settled amicably there'll be anarchy in the factories.

122; anathema ;a;n;a;t;h;e;m;a; noun;

something which is strongly disliked or disapproved of ; Credit controls are anathema to the government. For older employees, the new system is an anathema.

123; anatomical ;a;n;a;t;o;m;I;c;a;l; adjective;

anatomical drawings;

124; ancestor ancestor noun;

1. a person related to you who lived a long time ago ;

There were portraits of his ancestors on the walls of the room.

2. a plant, animal or object that is related to one existing at a later point in time ; This wooden instrument is the ancestor of the modern metal flute.

125; ancestry ;a;n;c;e;s;t;r;y; noun;

your ancestors who lived a long time ago, or the origin of your family ; He was proud of his Native American ancestry. His wife was of royal ancestry.

The family has traced its ancestry back to the Norman invaders.

126; anchor ;a;n;c;h;o;r; noun; BOAT;

1. a heavy metal object, usually shaped like a cross with curved arms, on a strong rope or chain, which is dropped

from a boat into the water to prevent the boat from moving away ;

We dropped anchor (= lowered the anchor into the water) and stopped. It was time to weigh anchor (= pull up the anchor and sail away) .

127; anchor ;a;n;c;h;o;r; noun; SUPPORT ;

2. someone or something that gives support when needed ; She was my anchor when things were difficult for me.

This treaty has been called the anchor (= strongest part) of their foreign policy.

128; anchor ;a;n;c;h;o;r; verb; FASTEN ;

1. to lower an anchor into the water in order to stop a boat from moving away ; 2. to make something or someone stay in one position by fastening them firmly ; We anchored ourselves to the rocks with a rope.

129; anchor ;a;n;c;h;o;r; verb; BROADCAST ;

3. to act as the anchorman or anchorwoman of a programme ; She will anchor the new morning news show.

130; ancillary ;a;n;c;il;l;a;r;y; adjective;

providing support or help; additional; extra; ancillary staff/workers ; an ancillary role ;

Campaigning to change government policy is ancillary to the charity's direct relief work.

131; anecdote ;a;n;e;c;d;o;t;e; noun;

a short often funny story, especially about something someone has done ; He told one or two amusing anecdotes about his years as a policeman.

132; anemia ;a;n;;e;m;I;a; noun;

MAINLY US FOR anaemia ;

133; anesthetic ;a;n;e;s;t;h;e;t;I;c; noun;

anaesthetic ;

134; anguish ;a;ng;ui;s;h; noun;

extreme unhappiness caused by physical or mental suffering ; His anguish at the outcome of the court case was very clear. In her anguish she forgot to leave a message.

135; angular ;a;n;g;u;l;a;r; adjective;

1. having or relating to one or more angles ; 2. having a clear shape with sharp points ;

Her features were too angular, her face a little too long for beauty.

136; animate ;a;n;I;m;at;e; adjective;

living; having life ;

137; animate ;a;n;I;ma;t;e; verb;

to make someone seem more happy or active ;

A sparkle in his eyes animated his face whenever he smiled.

138; animated ;a;n;I;m;a;t;e;d; adjective; ENERGY ;

1. full of interest and energy;

There was an extremely animated discussion on the subject.

They must have been having an interesting conversation - they both looked very animated.

139; animation ;a;n;I;m;a;t;I;o;n; noun; ENERGY ;

1. enthusiasm and energy;

She spoke with great animation about her latest discoveries.

140; animation ;a;n;;I;m;a;t;I;o;n; noun; IMAGE ;

2. moving pictures;

Encyclopedias on CD-ROM include sound, illustrations and simple animations.

Thanks to computer animation, it is now possible to make cartoon films much more quickly than in the past.

141; animosity ;a;n;I;m;o;s;I;t;y noun;

strong dislike, opposition, or anger ;

Of course we're competitive but there's no personal animosity between us. In spite of his injuries, he bears no animosity towards his attackers.

The European Community helped France and Germany forget the old animosities between them.

142; annals ;a;n;n;a;l;s; noun;

historical records of the activities of a country or organization, or history in general ;

The signing of the Treaty of Rome was the greatest event in the annals of European integration.

Quite whether he will go down in the annals of American history (= be considered) as a great leader remains to

be seen.

143; annexation ;a;n;n;e;x;a;t;I;o;n; noun; 144; annihilate ;a;n;n;I;h;I;l;a;t;e; verb;

1. to destroy completely so that nothing is left ; a city annihilated by an atomic bomb ; 2. to defeat completely ;

He was annihilated in the finals of the competition.

145; annotate ;a;n;n;o;ta;t;e; verb;

to add a short explanation or opinion to a text or drawing ;

Annotated editions of Shakespeare's plays help readers to understand old words.

146; announce ;a;n;n;o;u;n;;;c;e; verb;

1. to state or make known, especially publicly;

They announ;ced the death of their mother in the local paper.

She announ;ced the winner of the competition to an excited audience.

The Prime Minister has announ;ced that public spending will be increased next year. 2. to show that something is going to happen ;

The first few leaves in the gutter announ;ced the beginning of autumn.

147; annoy ;a;n;n;o;y; ;verb;

to make someone angry ;

Tim really annoyed me in the meeting this morning. I'm sorry - is my cough annoying you?

It annoys me that she just expects us to help.

It really annoys me when people expect me to tip as well as pay a service charge in a restaurant.

148; annul ;a;n;n;u;l ;verb;

to officially announ;ce that something such as a law, agreement, or marriage no longer exists ; His second marriage was annulled because he never divorced his first wife.

149; anomaly ;a;n;o;ma;l;y; noun;

a person or thing that is different from what is usual, or not in agreement with something else and therefore not

satisfactory;

Statistical anomalies can make it difficult to compare economic data from one year to the next. The anomaly of the social security system is that you sometimes have more money without a job.

150; anomalous ;a;n;o;m;a;l;o;u;s; adjective;

In a multicultural society is it not anomalous to have a blasphemy law which only protects one religious faith?

151; anonymity ;a;n;o;n;y;m;I;;t;y; noun;

when someone's name is not given or known ;

The police have reassured witnesses who may be afraid to come forward that they will be guaranteed anonymity.

152; anorexia ;a;n;o;r;ex;I;a; noun;

a serious illness often resulting in dangerous weight loss, in which a person, especially a girl or woman, does not

eat, or eats too little, because they fear becoming fat ;

Reports of anorexia and other eating disorders are on the increase, with 6000 new cases in the UK every year.

153; antagonism ;a;n;t;a;g;o;n;I;s;m; noun;

hate, extreme unfriendliness or actively opposing someone ; There's a history of antagonism between the two teams. the antagonism towards neighbouring states ;

the historic antagonisms between the countries of western Europe

1; antagonize ;a;n;t;a;g;o;n;I;z;e; verb;

to make someone dislike you or feel opposed to you ;

It's a very delicate situation and I've no wish to antagonize him.

155; Antarctic ;A;n;t;a;r;c;t;I;c; noun;

the Antarctic ;

the very cold area around the South Pole which includes Antarctica and the surrounding seas ;

The protection of the Antarctic from commercial exploitation is an important goal of environmentalists.

156; Antarctic ;A;n;t;a;r;c;t;I;c; adjective;

the Antarctic Ocean/Circle/Zone ; an Antarctic explorer/expedition ;

157; antecedent ;a;n;t;e;c;e;d;e;n;t; noun;

1. someone or something existing or happening before, especially as the cause or origin of something existing or

happening later ;

Charles Babbage's mechanical calculating engines were the antecedents of the modern computer. Many people feel a great curiosity to find out about their antecedents. 2. a word or phrase which a pronoun; refers back to ;

In the sentence 'He picked a book off the shelf and handed it to Sally, 'book' is the antecedent of 'it'.

158; antecedent ;a;n;t;e;c;e;d;e;n;t; adjective;

previous ;

When the college was established in 16, it inherited a hall from each of three antecedent institutions.

159; antediluvian ;a;n;t;e;d;I;l;u;v;I;a;n; adjective;

extremely old-fashioned ;

My mother has some hopelessly antediluvian ideas about the role of women.

160; antenna ;a;n;t;e;n;n;a; noun; ORGAN;

1. antennae either of a pair of long thin organs which are found on the heads of insects and crustaceans (= animals with hard outer shells) and which are used to feel with ; 161; antenna ;a;n;te;n;n;a; noun; NOTICING ;

2. antennae or antennas the natural ability to notice things and understand their importance ;

Her finely-tuned political antennae helped her to sense problems that less-experienced politicians might not

detect.

162; antenna ;a;n;t;en;n;a; noun; PART OF RADIO ;

3. antennas aerial (RADIO) ;

163; anterior ;a;n;t;e;r;I;o;r; adjective;

positioned at or towards the front ;

Specimens for examination were taken from the anterior side of the left ventricle from each heart.

1; anthem ;a;n;t;h;e;m; ;noun;

1. a song which has special importance for a particular group of people, an organization or a country, often sung

on a special occasion ;

The national anthems of the teams are played at the beginning of a big international football match.

John Lennon's \"Imagine\" has become the anthem of peace-lovers all over the world. 2. a short religious song sung by a choir with organ music ;