虚拟语气练习
1．Were it not for the snowy weather, we ______ A. would be 2.
B. would have been
C. were
all right. D. may be
______ more careful, his ship would not have sunk.
B. Had the captain been
D. If the captain would have been
A. If the captain were C. Should the captain be 3. If he ______ A. should call C. were not able A. may get 5. ______
me tomorrow, I would let him know. B. should not have been able D. are not able
______
permission.
D. maybe get
D. If he leaves
C. should have called
4. If you asked your father you
B. might get
today, he would get there by Friday.
B. Was he leaving
C. Will be
C. Were he to leave D. Were
A. Would he leave A. Was
6. ______I you, I would go with him to the party.
B. Had been
7.The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, ______all practical value by the time they were finished. A. could lose
B. would have lost
C. might lose
C. were
D. ought to have lost
our chairman now.
D. would be
’d think the pohnothoegrraigphhtwas strange.
8. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he______ 9.A. must have been 10. If you ______ 11.A. shouldn 13.A. In spite of 15.A. follow
B. would have been Jerry Brown until recently, you
’t contactB. didn ’t contactC. weren ’t to contact D. hadn ’t contacted
B. But for B. would follow
C. Because of C. had followed
D. As for
your advice
______our chairman now. D. hadn ’t contacted D. have followed
12. ______ he English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday 14. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I
______
16. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he 17.A. must have been A. would have won 20.A. being there A. had to be printed C. must be printed 22. Jean Wagner
B. would have been
______
B. won
C. were
18. If the horse won today, it
thirty races in five years.
D. did have won
D. there having been
C. must have won
19. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _______a sudden loudnoise.
B. should there be
C. there was
21. The board deemed it urgent that these files______right away.
B. should have been printed D. should be printed
’s most enduring contribution to the study o
B. has been analyzed
-fAAmfreoricanpoetry is his
in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.
23.insistence that it ______ 24.A. is to be analyzed C. be analyzed
D. should have been analyzed
25. I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I ______ 26.fully occupied the whole of last week. A. were
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B. had been C. have been D. was
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27. I apologize if I A. offend A. be
28. If you hadn
B. circles
______ you, but I assure you it was unintentional.
C. should have offended
D. be circling
D. might have offended
’t taken such a long time to get d rweessed_’d_,____ there by now. C. is circling B. had offended
29. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ________round the earth. A. were circling B. circles
C. is circling
D. be circling
30. I wish that I ______ with you last night.
A. went
B. have gone
C. could go D. could have gone
31. I wish I ______ with her.
A. would be B. am
C. was
D. were
32. I wish that I ______
the concert last night.
A. could
B. have attended
C. could have attended
D. attended
33. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I ______ to it. A. had not gone B. have not gone
C. did not go
D. can not have gone
34. “I wish you______ meto put these things away,
”he said. A. will help
B. help
C. are helping
D. would help
35. If the Watergate Incident ______
Nixon would not have resigned from the presidency. A. did not occur B. had not occurred
C. was not occurring
D. be circling 36. I hadn ’t expected James to apologize but I had h
_o_p_e_d__
.
A. him calling me B. that he would call me
C. him to call me
D. that he call me
37. George would certainly have attended the proceedings
______
.
A. if he didn
’t get a flat tireB. if the flat tire hadn
’t happened
C. had he not had a flat tire D. had the tire not flattened itself
38. The teacher suggested that her students
______ experiences with ESP. A. write a composition on their
B. to write composition about the
C. wrote some compositions of his or her D. had written any compositions for his 39. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he ______a Chinese.
A. were
B. had been
C. is
D. has been 40. As usual, he put on a show as though his trip ______a great success. A. had been B. has been C. were
D. was
41. Looking round the town, he felt as though he ______ away for ages.
A. has been B. was
C. is D. had been
42. John is so strongly built that he looks as if he
______ as elephant.
A. lifts
B. is lifting
C. lifted
D. could lift
43. He described the town as if he ______ it himself. A. had seen B. has seen
C. saw
D. sees
44. At that thought he shook himself, as though he ______
from an evil dream.
A. woke
B. wakes
C. would wake
D. had woke
45. Most insurance agents would rather you ______ anything about collecting claims until
they investigate the situation. A. do
B. don ’ｔC. didn ’ｔD. didn ’t do
46. Although most adopted persons want the right to know who their natural parents are, some who have
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found them wish that they ______ the experience of meeting.
______ your registration.
D. must confirm
’s advanc_e_d__te_c_hnolog.y
A. hadn ’ｔB. didn ’t have hadC. hadn ’t had D. hadn ’t have 47. It is important that the TOEFL office A. will confirm
B. confirm
C. confirms
48. Without electronic computers, much of today A. will not have been achieved C. would not have been achieved
B. have not been achieved
D. had not been achieved
答案与详解
1．A．条件句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟。2．B．条件句表示与过去事实的虚拟。3．A．条件句表示与未来事实的虚拟。4．B．条件句表示与未来事实的相反。5．C．条件句表示与现在事实的虚拟。
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6．D．条件句表示与现在事实的虚拟。
7．B．这个句子中含有一个省略if ，把助动词提前到主语过去情况的假设，而主句中by the time they were finished 设，因而应该选（
B）would have lost为正确答案。
if ，把助词
had 提前到主语前面，表
would(should, could,
now 表明了对现在情况的假设，所以应选
8．（D）这道题目是一个混合虚拟语气的句子。条件句省略了示对过去情况的假设，而主句中
might)+动词原形这种表达形式。四个选项中只有（合虚拟条件句。
10．（B）假设的情况有时不是用一个条件句表示，
而是隐含在一个由介词如
but for、but that、without,
由连词but、副词otherwise 、比较级、形容词、独立主格等表示的上下文中。本句主句表示对过去情况的假设，但事实上由于英语考试而没有去成，即若不是因为英语考试，我本可以去听音乐会，所以应选But for 为正确答案。
11．（C）题目中的第一句话表示的是现在真实的情况，而第二句话中所要表达的是应该做但事实上没有做的事，这种情况导致第一句话中真实情况的发生，故因此应该用
had +过去分词，所以正确答案是（
C）。
12．D．注意主句
If only 条件句假设的是过去一种情况，they 之前的虚拟条件句，该条件句表示对
表明主句也应该是对过去发生的情况的假
D）是正确表达形式，故为正确答案。
9．（D）until recently，因此（D）是正确答案，而主句是隐含的对现在情况的假设，该句是一个混
now 表示现在的时间状语，所以主句是对现在虚拟，从句是对过去虚拟。
13．A．从句对过去的虚拟。
14．B．从句表示虚拟，而主句是事实。
15．（D）it 是形式宾语，urgent 是宾语补足语，词原形。因此，本题正确答案是（拟语气形式，即
D）。
that 引导的从句是真正的宾语从句，该从句的内容
should（可以省略）+动
被认为是urgent（急迫的），这样从句的谓语动词要求用虚拟语气形式，即
16．（C）在表示要求、愿望、建议、请求、命令等含义的名词同位语从句中，从句谓语动词要用虚
should(可以省略)+动词原形。
but 引导的转折句所表述的真实。因而
but 所引导的句子中应该用apologize(抱歉)来看，if 从句
17．（D）本道题目的前半句话是对过去情况的一种假设，但事实上并没有发生，而事实上没有发生的真实原因是句子的后半部分由18．（B）此题要求在
表示志过去事实相符合的表陈述的时态，即一般过去时。
if 从句中选择适当的动词形式，以主句中的动词
中表达的内容应该是过去做的事，因此可以排除（
A），因为（A）是现在时。（C）中should+have+
（D）选项中的might+have+过去分词
所以藉此道歉真是不知从
过去分词结构表示本来应该做却没有做的事，在此不合题意。何说起，因此此处也不合题意。
表示对过去发生的事情很不肯定的猜测，它表达的内容还不能成为事实，apologize 是现在，而条件句是表示对过去假设的条件句。19．（A）该句也是一个复杂条件句（或称作混合虚拟条件句）
（B）had offended表示当时已经发生了的动作。这是复杂条件句：
。条件句表示对过去情况的假设，而
A）。
be 动词用A）是正
主句表示对现在情况的假设，但事实上却与此相反，所以正确答案应该是（
20．（A）as if 引导的从句要求用虚拟语气，表示同时或将来的情况，动词要用过去式（were）或would(could 等)+动词原形，本句话中指的是当时的情况，所以要用过去式，故（确答案。21．D．22．D．23．C．24．A．
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25．D．
26．（B）had not occurred表示对过去的虚拟，条件句中要用过去完成式，主句中要用should(would,
could, might)+动词原形的过去分词。
27．（B）had hoped是常见的要求其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气的句型,虚拟语气would+动词原形。
28．（C）表示对过去情况的假设，主句动词形式为would(should, could, might)+have+
过去分词，条
件句为过去完成式，
if 可以省略，但要把
had提前主语前面。（B），（D）的表达不符合英语表达习
惯，所以（C）是正确答案。
29．（A）suggest后面的从句要用虚拟语气形式，其形式为should（可以省略）+动词原形。
30．A．表示与现在相反的虚拟。
31．A．as though引导的与过去相反的虚拟。32．D．felt 是过去式，所以该句是由as though引导的与过去相反的虚拟。
33．D．as if 引导的与现在事实相反的虚拟。
34．A．as if 引导的与过去相反的虚拟。35．C．
36．（D）would rather 后接从句要求用虚拟语气，形式为过去式，表示对现在或将来的假设，或为过去完成式表示对过去的情况的假设。
37．（C）who 引导的定语从句中的现在完成时表示动作业已发生，所以主句中表示的虚拟是针对已
经发生了的行为，所以应该用过去完成式表示对过去的虚拟。38．（B）
39．（C）这是一人含蓄虚拟条件句，通过介词短语without,表示潜在的一种假设，而主句中的情况
也早已经发生，所以是对过去情况的一种假设，因此用
would not have been achieved
这一形式。
40．（D）连so that引导的从句中要求用虚拟语气，表示一种假设，形式为might+动词原形。
谢谢谢谢.
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