非谓语动词讲解和练习精编版

非谓语动词

一、非谓语动词:在句中不单独作谓语的动词叫非谓语动词。 例：He likes to read the novel.

He enjoyed traveling around world. John made Tom go with him.

解析：英语的单句中，可能有两个动词，动词2根据动词1的而变化。而我们看到的动词2，及(to do, doing, done等形式，就是非谓语动词）

 单句中的动词1与动词2，

 动词1是谓语，有各种时态、语态、语气的变化  动词2根据动词1而变化

例: He wanted to do that. I am enjoying seeing the film. Let us go!

二、非谓语动词的种类

1.不定式 to do 有还没有做的含义. 2.动名词doing 表示抽象的名词意义

3.现在分词doing 表示主动或进行的意义. 4.过去分词done 表示被动或完成的意义.

考点分析：非谓语动词是每年中考的必考内容，主要集中在对动词不定式和动名词的考查

（1）动名词： ①动词+doing ②介词+doing

1、只能接-ing作宾语的动词口诀：

喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习，错过建议保持介意值得考虑 （押韵） enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 miss doing sth. 错过做某事 spend...doing sth. 花费…做某事 suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于做… keep (on) doing sth. 保持（继续）做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事 imagine sb. doing sth. 想象…做某事 be worth doing sth. 值得做某事 can't help doing sth. 忍不住做某事 consider doing sth. 考虑做某事 feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 finish doing sth. 完成做某事 practice doing sth. 练习做某事只加ving的词 2、介词+doing

常考介词: at, in, on，of, off, for, from，up, about, without ，to 等等 put off doing 推迟做某事 be good at doing sth 擅长做某事 stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 be interested in doing sth. 对做某事感兴趣 insist on doing 坚持做某事 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事 without doing sth. 没有做某事 thank sb. for doing sth. 谢谢某人做某事 think about doing sth. 考虑做某事 be tired of doing sth. 厌烦做某事 What ∕ How about doing 做某事怎么样? be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事 注意：此to 非彼to（介词+doing ）

look forward to doing sth. （盼望） pay attention to doing sth. （注意）

be used to doing sth. （习惯于） prefer doing sth to doing sth. （更喜欢） devote to doing sth （致力于） make a contribution to doing （做贡献）

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 小试牛刀

1. Now more and more people are busy_____ about the Internet. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 2.-It's too hot. Would you mind _____the door? -______. Please do it.

A. to open; OK B. opening; Certainly not C. opening; Of course D. to open; Good idea 3. No matter how hard it is, we'll keep_____until we make it. A. failed B. failing C. tried D. trying

4. ---Are you enjoying_____in Ningbo? ---Yes, we are. Very much. A. to live B. living C. lives D. lived 5． We couldn’t help _____(laugh) after we heard the funny story

A. to laugh B. laughing C. laughs D. laughed

（2）动词不定式:

1、只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀： 迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事 决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事 decide to do sth. 决定做某事 want ∕ would like to do sth. 想做某事 can’t wait to do 迫不及待地要做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某 make up one’s mind to do 下决心做某事 used to do 过去常常做某事 need to do sth. 需要做某事 fail to do 未能做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事 afford to do 能做某事 2、接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀： 想要邀请期待鼓励与建议 请求与命令 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 答应告诫允许提醒和帮助 promise sb. to do 答应某人做某事 warn sb. not to do sth. 告诫某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 3、省略to的情况:

 使役动词和感官动词后：一感二听三让四看

feel/ hear, listen to/ let, make, have, / look at, see, watch, notice  had better （not）do sth. 最好(不)做…

 why not /why don’t you do sth为什么不做…?  help sb.（to）do sth  Would rather宁愿做…  would you please 情态动词+do 助动词+do

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 感官动词 + doing / do

感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do 表示动作的完整性，真实性；+doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性

例如：I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调\"我看见了\"这个事实)

I saw him working in the garden yesterday. 昨天我见他正在花园里干活。 （强调\"我见他正干活\"这个动作） 典型例题

1）They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood. A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow

答案：A。因题意为，他们看着她长大，因此强调的是成长的过程，而非正在长的动作，因此用see sb do sth 的句型。 2）The missing boy was last seen ___ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play

答案A. 本题强调其动作，正在河边玩，应此用see sb. doing sth句型。

 牛刀小试

1. My mother often asks me _____ some cleaning on Sundays A do B. does C. did D. to do

2. –Do you often hear John _____in his room ? – Listen! Now we can hear him ____ in his room . A.sing , to sing B. sing, sing C. sing , singing D. to sing , singing 3. I watched her ______ in the next room last night .

A.dancing B. to dance C. dances D. dance 4.Let’s ______swimming after the exam .

A.go B. goes C. to go D. went 5. You’d better _______a bus .

A.to catch B. catch C. catches D. catching

特殊词精讲: remember forger stop go on like hate love try start begin 1) remember doing / to do

to do (do在后) 要做 （两个字）两件事 一次性 尽力做 一样 doing （do在前）做过 （一个字）一件事 长期 尝试做 一样  

remember to do 记得去做某事 (未做)

remember doing 记得做过某事 (已做)

例如：Remember to go to the post office after school.记着放学后去趟邮局。

Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?

2) forget doing / to do

 forget to do 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)  forget doing 忘记做过某事。 (已做)

例如：The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off. (没有做关灯的动作) He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。 ( 已做过关灯的动作) 典型例题

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---- The light in the office is still on. ---- Oh，I forgot___. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off

答案：C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth. 而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。

3)regret doing / to do

 regret to do 对要做的事遗憾。 (未做)  regret doing 对做过的事遗憾、后悔。 (已做)

例如：I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice.我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没有办法。

I don't regret telling her what I thought. 我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。 典型例题

---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. ---Well, now I regret ___ that. A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done

答案：D。regret having done sth. 对已发生的事感到遗憾。regret to do sth. 对将要做的事感到遗憾。本题为对已说的话感到后悔，因此选D。

4) cease doing / to do

 cease to do 长时间，甚至永远停做某事。

 cease doing 短时停止做某事，以后还会接着做。

例如：That department has ceased to exist forever. 那个部门已不复存在。

The girls ceased chatting for a moment when their teacher passed by.姑娘们在老师走过时，停了会聊天。

5) stop doing / to do

 stop to do 停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事。  stop doing 停止做某事。

例如：They stop to smoke a cigarette. 他们停下来，抽了根烟。 I must stop smoking. 我必须戒烟了。

典型例题：She reached the top of the hill and stopped ___ on a big rock by the side of the path. A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest

答案：C。由题意可知，她到了山顶，停下来在一个路边的大石头上休息。因此，应选择\"stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事\"。而不仅仅是爬山动作的终止，所以stop doing sth.不正确。

6) go on doing / to do

 go on to do 做了一件事后，接着做另一件事。  go on doing 继续做原来做的事。

例如： After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics.做完数学后，他接着去做物理。

7) try doing / to do

 try to do 努力，企图做某事。  try doing 试验，试着做某事。

例如： You must try to be more careful. 你可要多加小心。

I tried gardening but didn't succeed. 我试着种果木花卉，但未成功。

8) be afraid doing / to do

 be afraid to do 不敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为\"怕\"；

 be afraid of doing 担心出现doing的状况、结果。 doing 是客观上造成的，意为“生怕，恐怕”。 例如：She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by a snake.

她生怕被蛇咬着，而不敢在草丛中再走一步。

She was afraid to wake her husband. 她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。 She was afraid of waking her husband. 她生怕吵醒她丈夫。 9) mean to doing / to do

 

mean to do 打算、想 mean doing 意味着

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例如：I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。

To raise wage means increasing purchasing power.赠加工资意味着增加购买力。

 课时训练

1、用括号中动词的适当形式填空

①________(fish)is my favourite sport.I often② ___ __(fish) for hours without ③_________(catch) anything. But this doesn't worry me.Some of the fishermen④______ (be) unlucky.Instead of ⑤_________(catch)fish,they catch old shoes.I am even less lucky. I never catch anything not even old shoes .After⑥_________ (spend)whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag, “You must give up⑦________(fish)!”My friends say. “It's a waste of time.”But they don't know one important thing.I'm not really interested in ⑧_________(fish).I'm only interested in ⑨_______(sit)in a boat and⑩______(do) nothing at all.

2、拓展精练

1.Martin looks so well. We’ve never seen him ____ so well before. A. is looked B. is looking C. to look D. look 2.My father has decided ______ because smoking is bad for his health.

A. to stop to smoke B. to stop smoking C. stopping smoking D. stop to smoke 3．It is kind ___ me to carry these books.

A. of you helping B. for you to help C. of you to help D. for you helping 4 —Would you like ______ some bread or biscuits? —No thanks. I don’t feel like anything now. A. to have, eating B. to have, to eat C. having, to eat D. having, eating 5. — Do you remember me, Tom?

— Ah, yes, I remembered _____ you in JUSCO last year. A. see B. sees C. to see D. seeing 1.We are interested in _________ to swim.

A. study B. studying C. learn D. learning

2.My grandfather wants _____around the world because he enjoys _____new places.

A. traveling , seeing B. to travel , to see C. to travel, seeing D. traveling ,to see 3. Jack gives me a piece of paper___.

A. to write B. to write on C. to write at D. to write in 4. Let’s make a fire _____ ourselves up.

A. to warm B. warming C. warm D. warmed 5.When I was walking in the field, I saw a plane ___over my head.

A. flew B. flies C. flying D. fling

1. The old men enjoy _____ to the singing of the birds in the park.

A. listen B. to listen C. listening D. to listening 2.My sister is interested in _______ in her free time.

A. watch TV B. reading books C. listening music D. plays basketball 3.Let me ______ you _______ the flowers.

A. to help，water B. helping，watering C. help，water D. to help，to water 4. I saw him _______ into the small store.

A. went B. going C. to go D. has gone 5.He is good at______.

A.singing B.sing C.sings D.to sing

根据句意，用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. Is it necessary ____________(learn) a foreign language? 2. He is good at _____________(swim).

3. Do you have anything ____________(say) for yourself? 4. It’s spring now. It’s time _____________(plant) trees.

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5. Don’t keep me _______(wait) for a long time.

6. The policeman told the boys not ____________(play) in the street. 7. Her son is too young __________(dress) himself.

8. The ice _________(cover) with snow is dangerous to walk on. 9. China doesn’t want ___________(copy) the USA’s example. 10. Let’s __________(have) a rest, shall we?

11. The speaker spoke too quickly for us ____________(understand). 12. The book seems easy __________(read). 13. I asked him __________(show) me his new pen.

14. A __________(break) car is parked at the corner of the road. 15. Knives are used for ______________(cut) things. 16. What’s his _____________(give) name, do you know? 17. I really don’t know what __________(do) next.

18. I often hear people _________(say) “________(see) is ______(believe)”. 19. You’d better _________(try) this medicine.

20. They said they had nothing _________(worry) about. 21. Can you finish ___________(read) the book in three days?

22. I have been busy all these days. I really want __________(relax) myself. 23. The doctor was busy ____________(operate) on the boy at that time. 24. Mary opened the door for him _______(come) in.

25. ______(tell) you the truth, I dislike making friends with him. 26. His wish was ____________(become) a doctor. 27. Stop ___________(talk) and listen to me carefully. 28. Thank you very much for ____________(help) us.

29. Granny is very ill and she doesn’t feel like ___________(eat) anything. 30. Would you like __________(climb) the mountain with me? 31. The girl enjoys ___________(listen) to light music.

32. Do you remember ___________(buy) me a beautiful skirt on my 13th birthday? 33. Which of the following things would you like _________(own)? 34. We couldn’t help ________(laugh) after we heard the funny story. 35. What about _________(go) out for a walk?

36. The boy was too short ___________(reach) the toy on the desk. 37. I found a man __________(lock) the door when I passed by. 38. I was wrong _____________(speak) to her about it. 39. _________(be) honest, I just don’t like him.

40. Mr Fang promised __________(provide) some help to the village school.

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用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，使句子完整、正确。

1. Sometimes we find her _______ （drive）the tractor on the farm.

2. Li Lei is asking his uncle, an English teacher, _____（help）him think of a foreign name. 3. --- Hi! Li Hong. I didn’t see you at the party.

--- Oh, I was busy _______（get）ready for the coming exams.

4. The old men enjoy _______（listen）to the singing of the birds in the park. 5. The girl _______（stand）under the tree is my cousin Kate.

6. Books ______ （write）in easy English are very popular among Chinese middle school students. 7. Why did you keep your brother _______ （wait）for a long time that evening? 8. I found the door _______（close）when I got home.

9. When they met again, they were too excited _______（say）a word. 10. Through the window, I saw some boys _______（play）basketball. 11. He didn’t finish _______（write）the book until last week.

12. --- How long did it take you _______（do）your homework yesterday?--- About half an hour. 13. Let me _______（help）you _______（water）the flowers. 14. My watch doesn’t work. It needs _______（repair）.

15. _______（take）good care of the vegetables, and they will grow better. 16. How much time did you spend _______ （watch）TV last night?

17. I prefer _______（read）books at home rather than _______（go）shopping on Sundays. 18. It’s going ______（rain）; you’d better ______（take）an umbrella with you. 19. I often hear people _______（say）“_______（see）is _______（believe）”.

20. Though he often made his deskmate ______（cry）, today he was made _______（cry）by his deskmate. 21. _______ （repair）my TV set cost me 100 yuan.

22. There are a number of students waiting to get _______（examine）. 23. It’s too cold. Let’s make a fire _______ （warm）ourselves up.

24. You don’t need _______ （worry）about your friend. He is safe at home. 25. We haven’t yet decided whether _______ （get）there by bus or by bike. 26. Would you please _______（make）a little more room for the old woman? 27. Excuse me for _______（come）in without being asked.

28. Little Sandy would love _______（take）to the cinema this evening.

29. Mr. Black gave up ______（smoke）only a few years ago. He looks very healthy now. 30. I’m hungry. Get me something _______ （eat）.

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答案：

1-5DBCAD 1-5DCBAC 1-5CBCBA

fishing, fish, catching, are, catching , spending, fishing, fishing, sitting, doing

【试题答案】

1. to learn 2. swimming 3. to say 4. to plant 5. waiting 6. to play 7. to dress 8. covered 9. to copy 10. have 11. to understand 12. to read 13. to show 14. broken 15. cutting 16. given 17. to do 18. say; seeing ; believing 19. try 20. to worry 21. reading 22. to relax 23. operating 24. come 25. Tell 26. to become 27. talking 28. helping 29. eating 30.to climb 31. listening 32. buying 33. to own 34. laughing 35. going 36. to reach 37. locking 38. to speak 39. To be 40. to provide

【试题答案】

1. driving 2. to help 3. getting 4. listening 5. standing 6. written 7. waiting 8. closed 9. to say 10. playing

11. writing 12. to do 13. help; （to）water 14. repairing 15. Taking 16. （in）watching 17. to read; go 18. to rain; take 19. say; Seeing; believing 20. cry; to cry 21. Repairing 22. examined 23. to warm 24. to worry 25. to get

26. make 27. coming 28. to be taken 29. smoking 30. to eat

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