一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Attractive lakeside cottages and cabins
Lafitte's Landing Guest Quarters， Uncertain， Texas
There are five cottages featuring high ceilings and spacious bedrooms． Lafitte's is a certified Backyard Wildlife Habitat， so you don't have to go far for bird-watching． Explore the lake on a steamboat， or head to Caddo Lake State Park for night adventures such as Owl Nights and Bat Watches．
Rates： Summer nightly rates range from ﹩559 to ﹩1， 899Lake Placid Lodge， Lake Placid， New York
With 17 cabins sitting along the shores of Lake Placid， the arts-and-crafts-style Lake Placid Lodge offers an exciting summer lake experience． Lakefront cabins come outfitted with hand-built beds and stone fireplaces． Go for a hike， or hit the lake for swimming， fishing， or boating．
Rates： Rates are ﹩120 per night for double occupancy； each additional person is ﹩20 per night．
Lake Crescent Lodge， Olympic National Park， Washington
Its cottages and cabins are listed on the National Register of Historic Places． Choose between one-and two-bedroom Singer Tavern Cottages， or stay in the always favored （and often booked） Roosevelt Fireplace Cabins． Spend your days hiking in the surrounding Olympic National Park， or exploring Lake Crescent by boat．
Rates： Nightly rates for cottages and cabins range between ﹩317 and ﹩398．Tamarack Lodge Resort， Mammoth Lakes， California
It is on the peaceful shores of the Twin Lakes． Choose between recently built Deluxe Cabins and old wood-and-stone cabins． Swimming， fishing， boating， biking， and hiking are popular pastimes．
Rates： Summer cabin rates range from ﹩369 to ﹩999 per night．1.Where can you observe bats at night？
A. At Caddo Lake State ParkB. At Lake PlacidC. At Olympic National ParkD. At the Twin Lakes
2.If three people share one room in Lake Placid Lodge， how much will they pay？
A. ﹩60B. ﹩120C. ﹩140D. ﹩3603.Which of the following is difficult to reserve？
A. Cottages at Lafitte's Landing Guest QuartersB. Cabins at Lake Placid LodgeC. Deluxe Cabins
D. Roosevelt Fireplace Cabins
B
Growing up， I thought math class was something to be endured， not enjoyed． I disliked memorizing formulas（公式） and taking tests， all for the dull goal of getting a good grade． One of my teachers told my mother that I was \"slow\"． But my problem wasn't with math itself． In fact， when a topic seemed particularly interesting， I would go to the
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library and read more about it．
By high school， no one told me that I could become a professional mathematician． What I wanted to do then was to play college football． My ambition was to get an athletic scholarship to attend a Big Ten school．
The chances of that happening were very low． But that didn't stop my coaches from
encouraging me to believe I could reach my goal， and preparing and pushing me to work for it． They made video tapes of my performances and sent them to college coaches around the country． In the end， a Big Ten school， Penn State， did offer me a scholarship．
I wish math teachers were more like football coaches． Students are affected by more than just the quality of a lesson plan． They also respond to the passion of their teachers and the engagement of their peers， and they seek a sense of purpose． They benefit from specific instructions and constant feedback（反馈）．
Until I got to college， I didn't really know what mathematics was． I still thought of it as laborious（耗时费力的） calculations． Then my professor handed me a book and suggested that I think about a particular problem． It wasn't easy， but it was fascinating． My professor kept giving me problems， and I kept pursuing them， even though I couldn't always solve them immediately． The mathematical research I was doing had little in common with what I did in my high school classrooms． Instead， it was closer to the math and logic puzzles I did on my own as a boy． It gave me that same sense of wonder and curiosity， and it rewarded creativity． I am now a Ph． D candidate in mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology．
4.Why did the writer think math class in school was \"something to be endured\" before
entering college？
A. Because he wasn't interested in math．
B. Because his math teachers didn't care to push him．C. Because he was too smart and talented for math class．D. Because he was training hard for an athletic scholarship．
5.According to the writer， students are affected by the following things from teachers
orcoaches EXCEPT ______ ．A. a sense of purposeB. constant feedbackC. passionD. specific instructions6.We can conclude that after entering college， the writer ______ ．
A. was busy looking for math problems to solveB. studied on his own just as he was in high schoolC. met with laborious calculations in his studiesD. began to realize what mathematics really is7.What is the best title for the text？
A. Interest is the best teacherB. Be the best-you can make itC. Math， taught like football
D. Once your teacher， always your teacher
C
Recently I rolled into a local restaurant to try an Impossible Burger， an all-plant patty（人造肉饼） invented by Impossible Foods． It's well known for having an strangely chewy（有咀嚼感）， even bloody， meat-like quality， a surprising verisimilitude（逼真） that has made it \"perhaps the country's most famous burger，\" as New York magazine wrote． One bite into its wonderful， smoky taste and， damn， I was convinced．
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This is good news， because the time has come to consume fake meat． In the fight against climate change， meat replacement is something we can try． A University of Oxford study recently found that， to keep global warming below 2 degrees this century， we need to be eating 75 percent less beef and 90 percent less pork．
However， diets are culturally enshrined， so changing them will be hard． It isn't easy to replace 75 to 90 percent of beef and pork with fake meat． The first taste of an Impossible Burger-a moment when low expectations work a powerful magic in the product's favor-is one thing． But how do you keep meat-eaters asking for more after their sixth， and their 26th？ To get to true mass adoption， fake meat will need to compete favorably with the real thing on multiple fronts． Impossible Foods' goal is to drive the price of its product below that of Safeway's 80/20 hamburger meat， at which point people will simply vote with their wallets． The new industry also wants to improve on animal flesh in various ways． Fake meat has an advantage over traditional meat because \"you won't need to refrigerate it\" cofounder Niko
Koffeman says． Plus， custom（定制的） production could improve choice． \"You could have very soft and tender meat for elderly people，\" Koffeman adds． \"You could have a tailored meat for whatever you need．\"
You can tell the world is shifting this way， because the ranchers（牧场主） are nervous． Last year， the US Cattlemen's Association asked the government to define \"meat\" as a product \"coming directly from animals．\" That anxiety-and the power of the science driving it-goes to show that this grand shift isn't impossible．
8.According to passage， the author was convinced by the Impossible Burger because
______ ．
A. it has a special taste that is different from normal ones．B. it contains all non-meat materials that taste like meat．C. more vegetables are used as main materials for the burger．
D. one bite of this burger can provide people with the energy needed for a whole day．9.What does the author mean by saying \"Diets are culturally enshrined\"？
A. That people think their diet is the best in the world．
B. That people are unwilling to go against their culture by changing their diets．C. That people's preference for food is linked to the food choice available to them．D. That people's eating habits are consistently observed and closely connected with their culture．
10.Which of the following statements is true about the advantages that fake meat will have to
beat over traditional meat？
A. Fake meat will not be necessarily stored in a refrigerator．
B. The price of fake meat will be just one-fourth of traditional meat's．C. Fake meat will win over older people thanks to its tender and soft taste．D. Fake meat will own a taste that is not found in traditional meat．11.What can we infer from the last paragraph？
A. Meat must come from animals．
B. The world will probably embrace the idea of fake meat．C. The ranchers are suffering economic loss due to fake meat．D. The definition of meat has been changed because of fake meat．
D
A new study has found the amount of antibiotics（抗生素）given to farm animals is expected to increase by two-thirds over the next 15 years．Researchers are linking the
growing dependence on the drugs to the increasing need for meat，milk and eggs．However，
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the drugs could quicken the development of antibiotic-resistant infections（感染）．Such infections are already a major public，health concern in the United States．
The World Health Organization notes when people stop living in poverty（贫困）the first ，thing they want to do is eat better，rather than earn more money．For most people，that means their diet should contain more meat．With the rapid development of Asia，people there are eating nearly four times as much meat，milk and other milk products as they did 50 year ago． To meet the need，farmers have put many animals into smaller spaces．As the animals are crowded together，the easiest way to deal with some of the problems d crowding is to give them antibiotics．It's clear that antibiotics help animals stay healthy in a crowded environment and grow faster．But bacteria can develop resistance to the drugs gradually．
Nowadays，doctors find antibiotics that once worked against the infections no longer work．The bacteria have learned ways to fight against the drugs．The heavy use of antibiotics in animals is responsible for the growth of antibiotic resistance worldwide．In the United States，at least two million people get drug-resistant infections each year and at least 23，000 die from an infection．
Europe has banned the use of antibiotics to increase animal growth．And the United States is hoping to persuade farmers to stop using antibiotics for that purpose．
12.What accounts for the increasing amount of antibiotics given to farm animals？
A. The desire for new drugs．B. The less effective antibiotics．C. The outdated farm technology．D. The need for more various foods．
13.What do most people want to do first when they get rid of poverty according to the WHO
？
A. Making a lot of money．B. Focusing more on health．
C. Having more meat in their diet．D. Living in a better environment．
14.What can be inferred from the passage？
A. Antibiotics do harm to animals．
B. Antibiotics help animals stay healthy．C. Antibiotics are used heavily in Europe．
D. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria spread to people．15.What's the passage mainly about？
A. A new way of raising farm animals．B. The advantages of using antibiotics．
C. The reason for banning the use of antibiotics．D. The negative effect of antibiotics in farm animals．二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Do you think studying in a different country is something that sounds very exciting？
Certainly， it is a new experience， which brings the opportunity of discovering fascinating things and a feeling of freedom． (1) You will experience culture shock． Evidently， at least four essential stages of culture-shock adjustment occur．
The first stage is called \"the honeymoon\"． In this stage， you feel excitement about living in a different place， and everything seems to be marvelous． (2) Eventually， however， the second stage of culture shock appears．This is the \"hostility stage\"． (3) You become tired of many things about the new culture． Moreover， people don't treat you like a guest anymore． Everything that seemed to be so wonderful at first is
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now awful， and everything makes you feel distressed and tired．
Then you come to the third stage called \"recovery\"． You start feeling more positive， and you try to develop comprehension of everything you don't understand． The whole situation starts to become more favorable． (4) The last stage of culture shock is called \"adjustment\"． (5) The things that initially made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand． Now you feel comfortable； you have adjusted to the new culture．
A． Actually， culture shock is something you cannot avoid when studying in a foreign country．
B． You have reached a point where you feel good because you have learned enough to understand the new culture．
C． You like everything， and everybody seems to be so nice to you．D． You recover from the symptoms of the first two stages．
E． In spite of these advantages， however， there are also some challenges you will encounter．F． However， when you have completely adjusted to a new culture you can more fully enjoy it．
G．You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was．
B. BC. CD. DE. 16. A. A
EF. FG. G
B. BC. CD. DE. 17. A. A
EF. FG. G
B. BC. CD. DE. 18. A. A
EF. FG. G
B. BC. CD. DE. 19. A. A
EF. FG. G
B. BC. CD. DE. 20. A. A
EF. FG. G
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
For centuries， Beijing has been one of China's most important cities． (21)a place for emperors and officials， today it is an international city and a popular tourist(22)． People from all over the country are moving to Beijing to (23)jobs and opportunities as this exciting city is a place where dreams can come true． Throughout the city， (24) dressed business people (25)for their offices， mobile phones held to their ears and visitors can only watch and imagine the deals and (26)being made at that very second．
Beijing's streets provide a fascinating (27)of the past and the present． In tea houses， groups of old men play chess (28)the Macdonald's next door is filled with laughing teenagers sipping milkshakes． Walking through the broad streets (29)with designer stores and multi-storey skyscrapers， you can(30)a turn and suddenly find yourself in a century's old (31) where a fruit seller chats happily to an old woman sitting in the sun． Many of the road signs and advertising billboards are now in (32)， making Beijing more (33)to foreigners． Public transport is efficient， new businesses are (34)， and every modern convenience and international brand is(35)in this booming global city．
Beijing has some of China's most stunning (36)． Visitors often come to Beijing with the single (37)to see the Great Wall， one of the ancient wondersof the world， but once they've arrived， they realize that this is only one of the city's (38)． In fact， what visitors ever seem to only(39)about Beijing， is that they simply(40)time before seeing it all．
B. ImportantlyC. OriginallyD. Specially21. A. Separately
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B. destinationC. sceneryD. feast22. A. place
B. look into23. A. search for
C. race withD. struggle against
B. seriouslyC. smartlyD. traditionally24. A. casually
B. workC. advertiseD. head25. A. call
B. fortunesC. callsD. appointments26. A. benefits
B. descriptionC. introductionD. mix27. A. development
B. whenC. asD. although28. A. while
B. accompaniedC. linedD. equipped29. A. filled
B. crossC. findD. face30. A. take
B. squareC. houseD. lane31. A. shop
B. ChineseC. sightD. order32. A. English
B. impressiveC. unforgettableD. accessible33. A. attractive
B. growingC. tradingD. declining34. A. changing
B. beneficialC. availableD. significant35. A. affordable
B. traditionsC. eventsD. records36. A. sights
B. desireC. benefitD. routine37. A. advantage
B. attractionsC. possessionsD. marks38. A. descriptions
B. travelC. complainD. praise39. A. enjoy
B. get rid ofC. make use ofD. run out of40. A. take up
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
41. In modern India， polluting sectors continue to be important pillars of the economy．
Many argue that any attempt to get rid of coal would result （1）______a
widespreadloss of jobs．（ 2）______（similar）， much of India's commercial transport is run on diesel（柴油）． The idea of replacing diesel trucks and cars with cleaner electric powered vehicles
（3）______（consider） too expensive． As the change from coal to natural gas would increase their operating （4）______（cost）， business owners fear becoming less （5）______（compete） in an increasingly global market．
One of the （6）______（large） contributors to air pollution in India， especially in the north of the country， is the agricultural sector． Every year， between October and November， thousands of farmers burn harvest residue（剩余物） as （7）______prepare fields for the new crop． The practice，______（know） as stubble （ 8）
burning， leads to a smoky haze（雾霾） forming in much of northern India．
The government （9）______（try） to encourage the use of green technology， such as so-called \"Happy Seeder\" machines （10）______can sow seeds without having to remove the agricultural residue． However， this has proven to be expensive．五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文
中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．删除：把多余的词用斜线（\\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从笫11处起）不计分．
My experience with a foreign language begins in junior middle school． I had a kind and patient English teacher which often praised all the students． Because his positive
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method， I eager answered all the questions I could， never worrying much about make mistakes． However， my experience in senior school was very difference from before． When my former teacher had been patient with all the student， my new teacher quickly punished those who gave incorrect answers． As a result， not only did he lose my joy in answering questions， but also I totally lost my desire to say anything at all in the English．
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
43.假定你是李华，你要完成一项关于中美学生寒假生活的调查，请给你的美国笔友
Peter写一封信，交流相关信息．要点如下：1．写信的原因；
2．介绍中国学生的寒假生活：时长约20天；过春节等3．询问美国学生的寒假生活．注意：1．词数 100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．Dear Peter，Yours，Li Hua
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答案和解析
1.【答案】【小题1】A
【小题2】C
【小题3】D
【解析】1.根据文章Lafitte's Landing Guest Quarters介绍部分， Explore the lake on a steamboat， or head to Caddo Lake State Park for night adventures such as Owl Nights and Bat Watches．乘坐蒸汽船探索湖面，或前往卡多湖州立公园进行夜游，可以看到猫头鹰和大量的蝙蝠，结合选项，故选A。
2.根据Lake Placid Lodge介绍部分：Rates： Rates are ﹩120 per night for double
occupancy； each additional person is ﹩20 per night 价格：双人房每晚120英镑，每多一个人，则加收20英镑．可知，三个人住一个房间的话，收费应该是140英镑，结合选项，故选C。
3.根据文章Lake Crescent Lodge介绍部分：Choose between one-and two-bedroom Singer Tavern Cottages， or stay in the always favored （and often booked） Roosevelt Fireplace Cabins．在一居室和两居室的歌手酒馆小屋之间选择，或者住在一向受欢迎（而且经常预订）的罗斯福壁炉小屋．可知，最受欢迎的，也是比较难定到的就是Roosevelt Fireplace Cabins，结合选项，故选D。4.【答案】【小题1】B
【小题2】A
【小题3】D
【小题4】C
【解析】1.根据第一段\"Growing up， I thought math class was something to be endured， not enjoyed． I disliked memorizing formulas（公式） and taking tests， all for the dull goal of getting a good grade． One of my teachers told my mother that I was \"slow\"．在我的成长过程中，我认为数学课是值得忍受的，而不是享受的．我不喜欢背诵公式和参加考试，所有这些都是为了获得一个好成绩的枯燥目标。我的一位老师告诉我妈妈我\"慢\"。\"可知数学老师觉得他\"slow\"应该是没有逼他学数学，所以作者认为数学课是值得忍受的。故选B。
2.根据第四段\" I wish math teachers were more like football coaches． Students are affected by more than just the quality of a lesson plan．
They also respond to the passion of their teachers and the engagement of their peers， and they seek a sense of purpose．
They benefit from specific instructions and constant feedback（反馈）．我希望数学老师更像足球教练．学生不仅会受到教案质量的影响．他们还会对老师的热情和同龄人的参与做出反应，并寻求目标感。他们会从具体的指导和不断的反馈中受益．\"可知他们从老师的热情，具体的指导和不断的反馈中受益．而目标感是学生自己的。故选A。
3.根据第五段\"Until I got to college， I didn't really know what mathematics was．直到我上了大学，我才真正知道数学是什么。\"可知作者进入大学才开始意识到数学到底是什么。故选D。
4.阅读全文可知本文主要讲述了作者大学以前不喜欢数学，老师也没有逼他．我希望数学老师更像足球教练．学生不仅会受到教案质量的影响．他们还会对老师的热情和同龄人的参与做出反应，并寻求目标感．到了大学后，才真正知道数学是什么．它更接近于我小时候独自做的数学和逻辑难题．它给了我同样的好奇心和好奇心，它奖励了我的创造力．所以\"Math， taught like football\"做题目最合适。故选C。8.【答案】
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【小题1】B【小题2】D【小题3】A【小题4】B
【解析】1.根据第一段 One bite into its gorgeous， smoky flavor， and I was convinced．可知，作者被Impossible Burger所信服，因为它不含肉，但味道像肉。故选B。
2.根据第三段However， diets are culturally enshrined， so changing them will be hard．然而，饮食文化是神圣的，所以改变他们将是困难的。可知人们的饮食习惯一直被观察到，并与他们的文化密切相关。故选D。
3.根据倒数第三段 Fake meat will outcompete traditional meat because \"you won't need to refrigerate it if you're making it as you go，\" co-founder Niko Koffeman says．假冒的肉类将胜过传统的肉类，因为\"如果你按照自己的方式制作它，就不需要冷藏它\"，联合创始人Niko Koffeman说。可知，假肉比传统肉更有优势，因为假肉不一定存放在冰箱里。故选A。
4.根据最后一段 That anxiety， which is no doubt caused by science， goes to show that this grand shift isn't impossible．毫无疑问，这种由科学引起的焦虑表明，这种重大转变并非不可能。可知，世界可能会接受假肉的想法。故选B。12.【答案】【小题1】D
【小题2】C
【小题3】D
【小题4】D
【解析】1.根据第一段中Researchers are linking the growing dependence on the drugs to the increasing need for meat，milk and eggs．可知，家畜抗生素用量增长和人们对肉、蛋、奶的需求的增长有关。故选D。
2.根据第二段The World Health Organization notes when people stop living in poverty，the first thing they want to do is eat better，rather than earn more money．For most people，that means their diet should contain more meat．（世界卫生组织指出，当人们停止生活在贫困中时，他们首先想做的事情是更好的吃，而不是挣更多的钱。对大多数人来说，这意味着他们的饮食应该含有更多的肉）可知，人们摆脱了贫穷都想有更多的肉吃。3.根据第三段最后一句But bacteria can develop resistance to the drugs gradually．和第四段中The bacteria have learned ways to fight against the drugs．⋅⋅⋅at least 23，000 die from an infection．可知，过度在家畜身上使用抗生素会使细菌慢慢发展得有抗药性，人若吃了这种家畜的肉或其下的蛋等，带有抗药性的细菌就会慢慢传播给人类。故选D。
4.根据全文大意可知，文章主要介绍了人们滥用抗生素来饲养家畜的相关情况。故选D。
16.【答案】【小题1】E
【小题2】C
【小题3】G
【小题4】D
【小题5】B
【解析】ECGDB
1.根据后文You will experience culture shock． Evidently，
at least four essential stages of culture-shock adjustment occur．可知你会经历文化冲击．
In spite of these advantages， however，显然，文化冲击调整至少有四个基本阶段．E项：
there are also some challenges you will encounter．然而，尽管有这些优势，你也会遇到一些挑战．符合文意，故选E．
2.根据前文In this stage， you feel excitement about living in a different place，
and everything seems to be marvelous．可知在这个阶段，你会对生活在一个不同的地方感到兴奋，一切似乎都很奇妙．C项：You like everything，
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and everybody seems to be so nice to you．你喜欢一切，每个人似乎都对你很好．符合语境，故选C．
3.根据后文You become tired of many things about the new culture．可知你会对新文化的很多东西感到厌倦．G项：
You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was．你开始注意到，并不是所有的事情都像你最初认为的那样好．符合文意，故选G．
4.根据前文The whole situation starts to become more favorable． 可知整个形势开始好转．D项：You recover from the symptoms of the first two stages．你会从前两个阶段的症状中恢复过来．符合文意，故选D．
5.根据前文The last stage of culture shock is called \"adjustment\"． 可知文化冲击的最后一个阶段叫做\"调整\"．B项：
You have reached a point where you feel good because you have learned enough to understand the new culture．你已经达到了一个感觉良好的阶段，因为你已经学到了足够多的东西来理解新的文化．符合文意，故选B．21.【答案】【小题1】C【小题6】B【小题11】D【小题16】A
【小题2】B【小题7】D【小题12】A【小题17】B
【小题3】A【小题8】A【小题13】B【小题18】B
【小题4】C【小题9】C【小题14】D【小题19】C
【小题5】D【小题10】A【小题15】C【小题20】D
【解析】1.A.Separately单独；B.Importantly重要的是；C.Originally 最初；D.Specially特别地；原来是皇帝和官员的地方，今天它是一个国际城市和一个受欢迎的旅游目的地。故选C。
2.A.place地点；B.destination目的地；C.scenery 风景；D.feast 盛宴；原来是皇帝和官员的地方，今天它是一个国际城市和一个受欢迎的旅游目的地。故选B。
3.A.search for寻找；B.look into 调查；C.race with与……赛跑；D.struggle against抗争；来自全国各地的人们正搬到北京寻找工作和机会，因为这个令人兴奋的城市是一个梦想可以实现的地方．故选A。
4.A.casually随便；B.seriously 严肃的；C.smartly聪明地；D.traditionally传统上；在整个城市，穿着漂亮的商务人士去他们的办公室，故选C。
5.A.call呼叫；B.work 工作；C.advertise 宣传；D.head朝着；在整个城市，穿着漂亮的商务人士去他们的办公室，故选D。
6.A.benefits好处；B.fortunes 命运；C.calls 电话；D.appointments 约会；手机留在他们的耳朵和游客只能看到和想象在那一秒的交易和命运；故选 B。
7.A.development发展；B.description说明；C.introduction导言；D.mix 混合；北京的街道提供了一个迷人的过去和现在的混合。故选D。
8.在茶馆里，一群老人在下棋，而麦克唐纳的隔壁到处都是爱笑的青少年在喝奶昔。故选A。
9.A.filled填充；B.accompanied 陪伴；C.lined 内衬；D.equipped装备；走在宽阔的街道上，两旁是名牌商店和多层摩天大楼，你可以拐个弯，突然发现自己置身于一条百年老巷子里，一个卖水果的人正和坐在阳光下的老妇人开心地聊天。故选C。
10.A.take带走；B.cross 十字架；C.find查找；D.face 脸；走在宽阔的街道上，两旁是名牌商店和多层摩天大楼，你可以拐个弯，突然发现自己置身于一条百年老巷子里，一个卖水果的人正和坐在阳光下的老妇人开心地聊天。故选A。
11.A． shop商店；B． square 广场；C． house 房子；D． lane 车道；走在宽阔的街道上，两旁是名牌商店和多层摩天大楼，你可以拐个弯，突然发现自己置身于一条百年老
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巷子里，一个卖水果的人正和坐在阳光下的老妇人开心地聊天。故选D。
12.A.English英语、B.Chinese 中文、C.sight视线、D.order 命令；现在许多路标和广告牌都是用英文制作的，让外国人更容易接触北京。故选A。
13.A.attractive吸引人；B.impressive 令人印象深刻；C.unforgettable 难忘的；D.accessible可接受的；现在许多路标和广告牌都是用英文制作的，让外国人更容易接触北京。故选D。
14.A.changing改变；B.growing 成长；C.trading交易；D.declining 衰落的；公共交通是高效的，新的企业正在增长，在这个蓬勃发展的全球城市，每一个现代化的便利设施和国际品牌都是可用的。故选B。
15.A.affordable负担得起；B.beneficial有益的；C.available可用的；D.significant 重要的；公共交通是高效的，新的企业正在增长，在这个蓬勃发展的全球城市，每一个现代化的便利设施和国际品牌都是可用的。故选C。
16.A.sights景点；B.traditions 传统；C.events事件；D.records记录；北京有一些中国最令人惊叹的景点。故选A。
17.A． advantage优势；B.desire 欲望；C.benefit 利益；D.routine路线；游客来北京往往只想看长城，故选B。
18.A.descriptions说明；B.attractions 景点；C.possessions财产；D.marks 标记；但一旦他们到了，他们就会意识到这只是这个城市的景点之一。故选B。
19.A.enjoy享受；B.travel旅行；C.complain抱怨；D.praise 赞扬；事实上，游客们似乎只会抱怨北京，他们只是在看到这一切之前就已经没有时间了。故选C。
20.A.take up拿起；B.get rid of摆脱；C.make use of 利用；D.run out of用完；事实上，游客们似乎只会抱怨北京，他们只是在看到这一切之前就已经没有时间了。故选D。41.【答案】1． in 2． Similarly 3． is considered 4． costs
5． competitive 6．largest 7． they 8． known 9． has tried 10． that/which
【解析】1.result in：导致，故填in。
2.修饰整句话，相似的是，故填Similarly。
3.主语是idea，结合上下文使用一般现在时，被认为，故填is considered。4.增加运营成本，根据their可知使用复数，故填costs。
5.没那么有竞争力，形容词的比较级形式，故填competitive。6.空气污染最大的元凶之一，故填最高级largest。7.they指代前面的farmers，故填 they。
8.be known as：作为…被熟知，以……著称，故填known。
9.已经尝试过，使用现在完成时，主语是单数名词，故填has tried。
10.先行词是machines，在定语从句中做主语，使用关系代词which或者that。42.【答案】 My experience with a foreign language begins in junior middle school． I had a kind and patient English teacher which often praised all the students． Because∧ his positive method， I eager answered all the questions I could， never worrying much about make mistakes． However，
my experience in senior school was very difference from before．
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When my former teacher had been patient with all the student， my new teacher quickly punished those who gave incorrect answers． As a result， not only did he lose my joy in answering questions，
but also I totally lost my desire to say anything at all in the English．
【解析】1．begins→ began．考查动词的时态．本句时间状语是in junior middle school，讲述的是作者在初中时的经历，谓语动词用一般过去时．故将begins改为began．2．which→ who．考查定语从句的引导词．teacher作先行词，引导词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词who．故将which改为who．
3．because后面加of．考查介词短语．because是连接词，引导原因状语从句，此处后面接名词，应用介词短语because of．故在because后面加of．4．eager→ eagerly．考查副词的用法．eager（热切的、渴望的）是形容词，用来修饰名词；此处作状语修饰动词answered，应该用副词eagerly．故将eager改为eagerly．5．make→ making．考查动词的形式．介词about后面接动词的ing形式，故将make改为making．
6．difference→ different．考查形容词的用法．difference（区别、不同）是名词，此处在句子中作表语，前面又有副词very修饰，应用形容词different．be different from和……不同．故将difference改为different．
7．When→ while．考查连接词的用法．句意：以前，老师对所有的学生都很耐心，而新老师则总是惩罚答错的学生．本句表达\"对比、对照\"，when引导时间状语从句，不含有对比的意思，应改为While．故将When改为While．
8．student→ students．考查名词的数．all修饰可数名词的复数形式，故将student改为students．
9．he→ I．考查代词的用法．此处对应上文I eagerly answered all the questions I could，指的应该是\"我\"失去了回答问题的乐趣．故将he改为I．
10．去掉the．考查冠词的用法．in English用英语、用英语说、用英语表达，表达语言的名词前不需要加冠词．故去掉the．43.【答案】Dear Peter，
How is everything？（表示问候）
I'm doing a project on how America and Chinese students spend their winter holidays．【高分句型一】（写信的原因） In China， the winter vacation is usually about twenty days long． It falls during the Chinese New Year， so most students take part in different Spring Festival activities， such as visiting family， eating lots of foods， and most importantly， getting lucky money! During the holiday many students will also go travelling with their
parents． Unfortunately they can't travel for long because Chinese students always have a lot of homework to do during this break．【高分句型二】 Many must even attend special holiday classes．（介绍中国学生的寒假生活）
What about in the USA？ How do the students spend the winter holidays there？ I'm looking forward to your reply．（询问美国学生的寒假生活） Yours， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型
1．I'm doing a project on how America and Chinese students spend their winter holidays．句子里，how 引导宾语从句America and Chinese students spend their winter holidays．我在做一个关于美国和中国学生如何度过寒假的项目．
2．Unfortunately they can't travel for long because Chinese students always have a lot of homework to do during this break．
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句子里，because 引导原因状语从句Chinese students always have a lot of homework to do during this break．
不幸的是，他们不能长时间旅行，因为中国学生在这段时间总是有很多家庭作业要做．审题是否清楚是一篇书面表达成功与否的关键所在，在整个写作过程中起着决定性作用．审好题会让我们做到\"磨刀不误砍柴工\"，审题时要做到以下几点：（1）审要求：书面表达试题一般都由\"情景\"和\"要求\"两部分构成．\"情景\"中包括所写材料的目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等，一般在书面表达题的前半部分；而\"要求\"一般在书面表达的后半部分，以\"注意\"形式给出，实际上是对考生提出的要求．因而考生对于题目所提供的说明，应认真分析、反复推敲，搞清提出的内容要求，抓住所要表达的信息点．（ 2）审文体：高考书面表达的体裁一般有三大类：记叙文、说明文和应用文，具体形式有便条，日记，通知，书信，人物、事情、情景故事的描写，看图说话，缩写，扩写，改写等．审题时要审清文体，注意格式上的不同，避免出错．（3）审人称：审查书面表达题干中隐含的读者对象和撰写人，即搞清楚此篇文章是\"由谁写给谁\"的．写稿人是谁一般都已明确指出，给出形式假设环境中的\"某人\"，如\"假设你是李华\"，写作时即用第一人称\"我\"，即李华．而读者对象有时没有明示，要考生自己去进行判断．
（4）审时态：根据情景判断短文需要的主体时态，即搞清楚要写的是什么时候的事，过去的就用过去时．比如日记，是叙述过去发生的事情，自然用过去时；通知多用将来时．
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