定语从句中的that用法

在下列情况，通常要用 that：

①当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时：

I made a speech on the men and things that I had seen abroad.

我就我在国外所见到的人和事作了报告。

②当先行词是who时(为避免重复)：

Who was it that won the World Cup in 1982? 谁赢得了1982年的世界杯？ ③当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时(可省略)：

Tom is not the boy (that) he was. 汤姆这孩子已不是以前那个样子了。 3. 当先行词是下列不定代词或被它们修饰时much, little, none, all, few, every(thing),

any(thing), no(thing) 等时，通常用that：

All that she lacked was training. 她缺的只是训练。

Have you everything that you need? 你需要的东西都有了吗?

The sleeping man’s subconscious mind retained everything that was said around

him. 这位酣睡的人头脑的下意识能记住他周围的人说的话。

She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents.

她父母不赞同的事她绝不会做。

4. 当先行词有the very, the only, the same 等修饰时，通常用that： This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有这一个。 Those are the very words that he used. 那是他的原话。

5. 当先行词有形容词最高级或序数词(包括last, next等)等修饰时，通常用that： This is the best dictionary that I’ve ever used. 这是我用过的最好的词典。 The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan.

你应该做的第一件事是订个计划。

6. 当关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时，通常用that：

China is not the country (that) it was. 中国已不是过去的中国了。 7. 当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时，通常用that：

They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them.

他们谈论了使他们印象最深的人和事。

8. 当要避免重复时：

Which is the course that we are to take? 我们选哪门课程？ 定语从句中只用WHO,不用that的情况 1. 先行词是one, ones或One who does not work hard will never succeed. anyone时;先行词为Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. those 或被those修饰，She is the only one of the students who has been to the 指人时 USA. Those who learn not only from books but also through practice will succeed. 2. 在以there be…的句子There is a comrade outside who wants to see you. 中，先行词为人时 3. 当定语从句中又有定语从The student that won the first prize is the monitor who 句,且先行项都为人时 works hard. 4. 当指人的先行项被一些指There 's only one student in the school who I want to 物的名词修饰时 see. Do you know the woman in blue with a baby on her back who is working in the fields? 5. 在非性定语从句中指I met a friend of mine in the street, who had just come 人 from America. 6. 定语从句中有插入语时, Jackson is a man who I believe is honest. 且先行项为人时

定语从句中只用THAT,不用which的情况 1. 当先行词是不定代词，如all, All THAT can be done has been done. everything, anything, nothing, I didn't want this recorder; I want the one THAT much, few, little, none, the was borrowed yesterday. one等 2. 先行词（指物的）前面有only, There's no difficulty THAT we can't overcome. few, one of, little, no, all, I've read all the books THAT can be borrowed here. every, very等词修饰时 This is the very man THAT I want to see. 3. 先行词被序数词first, last, This is the first letter THAT I've written in next等或形容词的最高级修饰时 English. She is the most careful girl THAT I've ever known. 4. 当先行词既有人又有物时 They talked about the people and places THAT they had visited. 5. 当先行词是系动词be后面表语或Shanghai isn't the city THAT it used to be 60 years 关系词本身是从句的表语时 ago. He is no longer the man THAT he used to be. 6. 当主句是以who, which或whatWho is the man THAT is waiting at the school gate? 开头的特殊疑问句时 Which is the car THAT ran over a dog yesterday?

What did you see THAT made you so angry? 7. 当主句以There be…结构开头时，There is a seat in the corner THAT is still free. 或关系代词在there be…结构中There are two books on history THAT are for you. 作实义主语，先行项为物 The 9.15 is the fastest train THAT there has ever been. 8. .当先行词是基数词时 Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two THAT are still alive.