UL 8750
Light Emitting Diode (LED) Equipment for Use in Lighting Products
MAY 22, 2014 − UL 8750
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UL Standard for Safety for Light Emitting Diode (LED) Equipment for Use in Lighting Products, UL 8750
UL标准安全发光二极管(LED)设备用于照明产品、UL 8750
First Edition, Dated November 18, 2009
第一个版本,日期为2009年11月18日
Summary of Topics 总结的主题
This revision to ANSI/UL 8750 includes the following changes in requirements:
这个修订ANSI / UL 8750变化包括以下要求:
Clarify requirements for conformal coatings, paragraph 7.7.2 7.7.2澄清要求保形涂料、段落
Insulation materials in transformers and coils ± Delete paragraph 7.11.2.11 and add Section 7.11.3 绝缘材料在变形金刚和线圈±删除段落7.11.2.11 7.11.3并添加部分
Revise Risk of Fire De®nition to include 15 W power limit and revisions to Class 2 and LVLE references
throughout the standard
修改火的风险包括15 W功率极限和修正二班和LVLE引用标准 Add requirements for supply and load connections 添加需求供应和负载连接
Revisions to consolidate electrical spacings in Sections 7.7 and 7.8 and add optional shorting test for
closely-spaced PWB traces
修订整合电气间距在章节7.7和7.8和添加可选做空测试间隔太近PWB痕迹
Add requirement for LED array (module) thermal measurement point 添加要求LED阵列(模块)热计量点
Add temperature measurement method for polymeric materials when TC is optically radiated
添加温度测量方法,当TC光学辐射高分子材料
Text that has been changed in any manner or impacted by UL's electronic publishing system is marked with a vertical line in the margin. Changes in requirements are marked with a vertical line in the margin and are followed by an effective date note indicating the date of publication or the date on which the changed requirement becomes effective.
文本已经以任何方式改变或影响UL电子出版系统的边缘有一条垂直线。需求的变化标志着一条垂直线的保证金,紧随其后的是一个有效的日期注意指示出版日期或生效的日期改变了要求。
The new and revised requirements are substantially in accordance with Proposal(s) on this subject dated June 7, 2013 and October 11, 2013.
新的和修改需求大幅按照提案(s)在这个问题上6月7日,2013年和2013年10月11日
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical photocopying, recording, or otherwise without prior permission of UL.
保留所有权利。不得复制,出版的一部分存储在检索系统中,或以任何形式通过任何方式传播,电子、机械复印、录制、UL或未经许可
UL provides this Standard as is without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability or ®tness for any purpose.
UL提供这个标准
没有任何形式的担保,不论是明示或暗示,包括但不限于适销性的隐含保证或®tness为任何目的
In no event will UL be liable for any special, incidental, consequential, indirect or similar damages, including loss of pro®ts, lost savings, loss of data, or any other damages arising out of the use of or the inability to use this Standard, even if UL or an authorized UL representative has been advised of the possibility of such damage. In no event shall UL's liability for any damage ever exceed the price paid for this Standard, regardless of the form of the claim.
在任何事件UL将承担任何特殊的、附带的、间接的、间接的或类似的赔偿,包括职业®ts的丧失,失去了储蓄,损失的数据,或任何其他损害引起的使用或无法使用这个标准,即使UL或授权UL代表建议这种损害的可能性。在任何事件UL的任何损害责任超过这个标准的价格,无论索赔的形式。
Users of the electronic versions of UL's Standards for Safety agree to defend, indemnify, and hold UL harmless from and against any loss, expense, liability, damage, claim, or judgment (including reasonable attorney's fees) resulting from any error or deviation introduced while purchaser is storing an electronic Standard on the purchaser's computer system.
用户的电子版本的UL标准安全同意保护,赔偿,并持有UL无害从和反对任何损失,费用,责任,损失,索赔,或判断(包括合理的律师费)所产生的任何错误或偏差引入,而购买者是存储电子标准对买方的计算机系统。
tr2 MAY 22, 2014 − UL 8750
The requirements in this Standard are now in effect, except for those paragraphs, sections, tables, ®gures, and/or other elements of the Standard having future effective dates as indicated in the note following the affected item. The prior text for requirements that have been
revised and that have a future effective date are located after the Standard, and are preceded by a SUPERSEDED REQUIREMENTS notice.
这个标准的需求现在实际上,除了那些段落、章节、表、®粗糖,和/或其他元素的标准在未来有效日期的表示注意以下项目的影响。前文本的要求已经修改未来的生效日期后位于标准,并由
取代需求之前通知。
The following table lists the future effective dates with the corresponding reference.
下表列出了未来有效日期与相应的参考。
Future Effective Date未来的生效日期 October 17, 2014 2014/10/17 Reference参考 Paragraphs 5.2 and 5.3段落5.2 5.3
NOVEMBER 18, 2009
(Title Page Reprinted: May 22, 2014)
1 UL 8750
Standard for Light Emitting Diode (LED) Equipment for Use
in Lighting Products
ANSI/UL 8750-2014
First Edition November 18, 2009
This ANSI/UL Standard for Safety consists of the First Edition including revisions through May 22, 2014.
The most recent designation of ANSI/UL 8750 as an American National Standard (ANSI) occurred on May 22, 2014. ANSI approval for a standard does not include the Cover Page, Transmittal Pages, Title Page, or effective date information.
最近的ANSI / UL 8750指定为美国国家标准(ANSI)发生在5月22日,2014年。ANSI审批标准不包括封面,传输页面,页面标题,或生效日期信息。
Comments or proposals for revisions on any part of the Standard may be submitted to UL at any time. Proposals should be submitted via a Proposal Request in UL's On-Line Collaborative Standards Development System (CSDS) at http://csds.ul.com.
评论或建议修订标准的任何部分可能随时提交UL。建议应通过提交一个提案请求UL的在线协作标准开发系统(量)http://csds.ul.com。
UL's Standards for Safety are copyrighted by UL. Neither a printed nor electronic copy of a Standard should be altered in any way. All of UL's Standards and all copyrights, ownerships, and rights regarding those Standards shall remain the sole and exclusive property of UL.
UL标准安全是受版权保护的产品通过了美国UL认证。无论是印刷还是电子版的标准应以任何方式改变。UL的所有标准和版权所有,所有权,权利有关这些标准仍然UL的唯一和独占财产。
COPYRIGHT © 2014 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC.
MAY 22, 2014 UL 8750
3
CONTENTS INTRODUCTION
1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 2 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
2.1 Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 2.2 Units of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 2.3 Reference publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 3 De®nitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 4 Power supplies, LED Drivers, and Transformers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8B
CONSTRUCTION
5 Environmental Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 6 Mechanical
Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10A 6.1
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10A 6.2 Metal
thickness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 6.3 Polymeric materials for
enclosures and electrical insulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 6.4 Enclosure
openings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 6.5 Conductor
protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 6.6 Strain relief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 6.7 Potting
compound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
7 Electrical Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 7.1
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 7.2 Accessibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14A 7.3 Internal wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 7.4 Supply and load connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 7.5 Separation of circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 7.6 Insulating materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 7.7 Printed wiring boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 7.8 Electrical spacings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 7.9 Circuit components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 7.10 Protective devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30A 7.11 Coil insulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 7.12 Class 2 output circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34A
PERFORMANCE
8 Performance Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34A 8.1
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34A 8.2 Input test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34B 8.3 Temperature test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34B 8.4 Dielectric voltage withstand test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38B 8.5 Abnormal tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38C 8.6 Circuit power limit measurement test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 8.7 Leakage current measurement test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 8.8 Cord strain and pushback relief test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 8.9 Security of output terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 8.10 Insulation-piercing connection thermal cycling test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 8.11 Adhesive support test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
8.12 Environmental tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47
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UL 8750
OCTOBER 17, 2012
8.13 Mechanical strength tests for metal enclosures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51 8.14 Determination of low-voltage, limited-energy circuit status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51 8.15 Knockout secureness
test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52 8.16 Thermal aging
test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52 9
Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52A 9.1
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52A 9.2 Identi®cation and
ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 9.3 Construction-related
markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
APPENDIX A
Standards for Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A1
APPENDIX B Additional Requirements for Power Supplies that Comply with UL 60950-1
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NOVEMBER 18, 2009UL 8750
5 INTRODUCTION
1 Scope
1.1 These requirements cover LED equipment that is an integral part of a luminaire or other lighting equipment and which operates in the visible light spectrum between 400 ± 700 nm. These requirements also cover the component parts of light emitting diode (LED) equipment, including LED drivers, controllers, arrays, modules, and packages as de®ned within this standard.
1.2 These lighting products are intended for installation on branch circuits of 600 V nominal or less in accordance with the National Electrical Code (NEC), ANSI/NFPA 70, and for connection to isolated (non-utility connected) power sources such as generators, batteries, fuel cells, solar cells, and the like.
1.3 LED equipment is utilized in lighting products that comply with the end-product standards listed below. The requirements in this standard are intended to supplement those in other end-product standards. Included are:
a) Electric Signs, UL 48,
b) Portable Electric Luminaires, UL 153,
c) Underwater Luminaires and Submersible Junction Boxes, UL 676,
d) Emergency Lighting and Power Equipment, UL 924,
e) Stage and Studio Luminaires and Connector Strips, UL 1573,
f) Track Lighting Systems, UL 1574,
g) Luminaires, UL 1598,
h) Direct Plug-In Nightlights, UL 1786,
i) Low Voltage Landscape Lighting Systems, UL 1838,
j) Self-Ballasted Lamps and Lamp Adapters, UL 1993,
k) Luminous Egress Path Marking Systems, UL 1994, and
l) Low Voltage Lighting Systems, UL 2108.
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6 UL 8750 NOVEMBER 18, 2009
2 General 2.1 Components
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2.1.2 A component is not required to comply with a speci®c requirement that:
a) Involves a feature or characteristic not required in the application of the component in the product covered by this standard, or
b) Is superseded by a requirement in this standard.
2.1.3 A component shall be used in accordance with its rating established for the intended conditions of
use.
2.1.4 Speci®c components are incomplete in construction features or restricted in performance capabilities. Such components are intended for use only under limited conditions, such as certain temperatures not exceeding speci®ed limits, and shall be used only under those speci®c conditions.
2.2 Units of measurement
2.2.1 Except for conductor size, values stated without parentheses are the requirement. Values in parentheses are explanatory or approximate information.
2.2.2 All values of voltage and current are true root mean square (rms) values unless otherwise indicated.
2.2.3 For customary purposes wire sizes are in American Wire Gauge (AWG).
2.3 Reference publications
2.3.1 Any undated reference to a code or standard appearing in the requirements of this standard shall be interpreted as referring to the latest edition of that code or standard.
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3 De®nitions
3.1 For the purpose of these requirements, the following de®nitions apply.
3.2 BARRIER ± A part of the unit intended to physically limit access to parts that pose a risk of electric shock.
3.3 CIRCUIT, CLASS 2 ± A circuit supplied by an isolating source that complies with the requirements of the Standard for Class 2 Power Units, UL 1310, or the Class 2 requirements of the Standard for Low Voltage Transformers ± Part 3: Class 2 and Class 3 Transformers, UL 5085-3.
3.4 CIRCUIT, ISOLATED LOW VOLTAGE LIMITED ENERGY (LVLE) ± A circuit supplied by a source with no direct electrical connection between input and output, such as provided by a transformer or optical isolator, and with output parameters as follows: source with a maximum output voltage of 42.4 V peak ac (30 V rms) or 60 V dc; and a maximum output current limited to:
a) maximum 8 amps for 0 ± 42.4 V peak ac, or 0 ± 30 V dc, or
b) 150/V amps, for a voltage between 30 ± 60 V dc.
Measurements for determining LVLE circuit status shall be per the requirements in Determination of Low-Voltage,
Limited-Energy Circuit Status of 8.14.
3.5 ENCLOSURE, ELECTRICAL ± A part of the equipment intended to limit access to parts that are operating at voltage levels in excess of Class 2 or LVLE.
3.6 ENCLOSURE, FIRE ± A part of the equipment that is intended to minimize the spread of ®re or ¯ames from within a product.
3.7 ENVIRONMENTAL LOCATIONS
a) DRY LOCATION ± A location not normally subject to dampness, but may include a location subject to temporary dampness, as in the case of a building under construction, provided ventilation is adequate to prevent an accumulation of moisture.
b) DAMP LOCATION ± An exterior or interior location that is normally or periodically subject to condensation of moisture in, on, or adjacent to, electrical equipment, and includes partially protected locations.
c) WET LOCATION ± A location in which water can drip, splash, or ¯ow on or against electrical equipment.
3.8 INSULATION-PIERCING TERMINAL ± A terminal having a contact pin that punctures the conductor insulation and penetrates between the conductor strands. 3.9 ISOLATED OUTPUT ± A circuit with only magnetic, capacitive, or optical connection to any ground-referenced supply source. A low voltage circuit derived by a dropping resistor is not isolated.
3.10 LED (LIGHT EMITTING DIODE) ± A solid-state component embodying a p-n junction, emitting optical radiation when excited by an electric current.
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UL 8750
OCTOBER 17, 2012
3.11 LED ARRAY (LED MODULE) ± An assembly of one or more LED discrete electronic components on a printed circuit board, typically with optics and additional thermal, mechanical, and electrical interfaces.
3.12 LED CONTROL MODULE (LED CONTROLLER) ± Electronic circuitry interposed between the power source and an LED array to dim, switch, or otherwise control the electrical energy to the LED array. The device does not contain a power source and is not connected directly to the branch circuit.
3.13 LED DRIVER ± A power source that adjusts the voltage or current to LEDs, ranging in complexity from a resistor to a constant voltage or constant current power supply. Also referred to as Lamp Control Gear. (See also Power Source.)
3.14 LED PACKAGE ± An assembly of one or more LED die that contains wire bond connections and may include an optical element and thermal, mechanical, and electrical interfaces. The package does not include a power source and is not connected directly to the branch circuit.
3.15 MEASUREMENT INDICATION UNIT (MIU) ± The rms equivalent value of a 60 Hz sinusoidal leakage current in milliamps (mA), adjusted to compensate as necessary for leakage currents composed of complex waveforms or frequencies other than 50 or 60 Hz. It is determined by dividing the output voltage (V3) in millivolts (mV) rms by 500 (the value in ohms of the resistance in parallel with V2) in the measurement instrument circuit in Figure 8.3.
3.16 PART, DEAD CONDUCTIVE ± A conductive part that, under normal operating conditions, carries no electrical current other than leakage current.
3.16 revised November 1, 2011
3.17 PART, HAZARDOUS LIVE ± A part located in a circuit that is operating in excess of the risk of electric shock or risk of ®re limits.
3.18 PART, LIVE ± A conductive part that has an electrical difference of potential with respect to earth ground or any other conductive part. A part connected to a grounded supply (neutral) conductor is considered to be a live part.
3.19 PLC (PERFORMANCE LEVEL CHARACTERISTIC) VALUE ± An integer that de®nes a range of test values for a given electrical/mechanical property test for polymeric (plastic) materials as de®ned in the Standard for Polymeric Materials ± Use in Electrical Equipment Evaluations, UL 746C.
3.20
POWER LIMITED CIRCUIT ± See Section 725 of the National Electrical Code (NEC), ANSI/ NFPA 70. 3.20 revised October 17, 2012
3.21 POWER SOURCE, CLASS 2 ± An electrical source, such as a transformer or power supply that complies with the requirements of the Standard for Class 2 Power Units, UL 1310, or the Standard for Low Voltage Transformers ± Part 3: Class 2 and Class 3 Transformers, UL 5085-3.
3.22 POWER SOURCE, ISOLATED LOW VOLTAGE LIMITED ENERGY (LVLE) ± A source as de®ned by 3.4.
3.23 POWER SUPPLY ± An electronic device capable of controlling current, voltage, or power within its design limits.
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8A
3.24 RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK ± A risk of electric shock exists between any two conductive parts or between a conductive part and earth ground if the continuous current ¯ow between the two points exceeds the leakage current limits determined by the Leakage Current Measurement Test, Section 8.7, and if the open circuit voltage exceeds the following limits:
Maximum VoltageWaveform Typea Dry and Damp Locations Wet Locations Sinusoidal ac 30 V rms 15Non-sinusoidal ac V rms 42.4 V peak21.2 V peak dcb, c 60 V 30 V a For a combined ac + dc waveform, the wet location voltage limit shall be the non-sinusoidal ac limit where the dc voltage is no more than 10.4 V, and shall be (16 + 0.45*dc voltage)V where the dc voltage is greater than 10.4 V. The dry and damp location voltage limit shall be twice these amounts. b If the peak-to-peak ripple voltage on a dc waveform exceeds 10 percent of the dc voltage, the waveform shall be considered a combined waveform per footnote a above. c DC waveforms interrupted at frequencies between 10 ± locations. 200 Hz shall be limited to 24.8 V in dry and damp locations, and 12.4 V in wet Table 3.24 revised October 17, 2012
3.25 RISK OF FIRE ± A risk of ®re exists in all electrical circuits except:
a) A Class 2 circuit,
b) An LVLE circuit, or
c) A circuit of 15 W maximum power limit under normal and single fault conditions, as measured in
accordance with 8.6.
3.25 revised May 22, 2014
3.25.1 TEST REFERENCE POINT ± A temperature reference point on the enclosure or surface of an LED driver or
LED array, de®ned at the discretion of the manufacturer.
3.25.1 added May 22, 2014
3.26 UNIT ± A generic term meaning any discrete device, subassembly, or assembly.
3.27 UNIT, FIXED ± A unit intended to be permanently connected electrically to the wiring system.
3.28 UNIT, PORTABLE ± A unit that is easily carried or conveyed by hand, and is provided with a power-supply cord for connection to the supply circuit.
3.29 UNIT, STATIONARY ± A unit that is intended to be fastened in place or located in a dedicated space, and is provided with a power-supply cord for connection to the supply circuit.
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4 Power supplies, LED Drivers, and Transformers
4.1 A power supply or LED driver shall comply with the requirements of this standard. Compliance with the requirements of one or more of the following standards shall be considered to meet the intent of any equivalent requirements within this standard:
a) The Standard for Class 2 Power Units, UL 1310,
b) The Standard for Information Technology Equipment ± Safety ± Part 1: General Requirements, UL 60950-1 (refer to Appendix B for additional requirements for power supplies),
c) The Standard for Power Units Other Than Class 2, UL 1012, or
d) The Standard for Fluorescent-Lamp Ballasts, UL 935.
4.1 revised October 17, 2012
4.2 A transformer for use with LED units that complies with any one of the following standards is considered to meet the intent of the requirements of this standard:
a) The Standard for Low Voltage Transformers ± Part 1: General Requirements, UL 5085-1, and the Standard for Low Voltage Transformers ± Part 3: Class 2 and Class 3 Transformers, UL 5085-3,
b) The Standard for Transformers and Motor Transformers for Use in Audio-, Radio- and Television-Type Appliances, UL 1411,
c) The Standard for Low Voltage Transformers ± Part 2: General Purpose Transformers, UL 5085-2, or
d) The Standard for Dry-Type General Purpose and Power Transformers, UL 1561.
4.2 revised November 1, 2011
4.3 A power supply, LED driver, or transformer shall be used within its rated input, output, and environmental ratings.
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MAY 22, 2014 UL 8750
9
CONSTRUCTION
5 Environmental Considerations
5.1 A unit intended for dry locations only shall be so identi®ed and shall not be provided with any information such as markings, instructions, or illustrations that implies or depicts damp or wet use.
5.2 A unit intended for damp locations shall be:
a) Subjected to the environmental tests of 8.12 unless all live parts and traces on the printed wiring board are potted (see 6.7) or conformal coated (see 7.7.2),
b) If provided with a polymeric enclosure, comply with the Resistance to Impact test of the Standard for Polymeric Materials ± Use in Electrical Equipment Evaluations, UL 746C, using a preconditioning temperature of 0 2.0°C (323.6°F), and
c) Eligible to be marked as suitable for damp locations, and not be provided with any information such as markings, instructions, or illustrations that implies or depicts wet use.
Exception: A circuit operating at Class 2 or LVLE power levels in which voltage levels are below those that present a risk of electric shock per 3.24 is not required to be subjected to parts (a) and (b) above.
Revised 5.2 effective October 17, 2014
5.3 A unit intended for use in wet locations shall:
a) Be subjected to the environmental tests of 8.12 unless all live parts and traces on the printed wiring board are potted (see 6.7) or conformal coated (see 7.7.2),
b) If provided with a polymeric enclosure, comply with the UV Light Exposure and Cold Impact Test of the Standard for Polymeric Materials ± Use in Electrical Equipment Evaluations, UL 746C, using a preconditioning temperature of minus 35.0 2.0°C (minus 31.03.6°F), and
c) Be eligible to be marked as suitable for wet locations.
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MAY 22, 2014
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10
OCTOBER 17, 2012
UL 8750
10A
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Revised 5.3 effective October 17, 2014
6 Mechanical Construction 6.1 General
6.1.1 A unit intended to be used in an application identi®ed by one of the standards speci®ed in 1.3 shall comply with the mechanical construction requirements of that standard. If an end-use application is not speci®ed or identi®ed, or if a particular construction feature is not covered by the identi®ed standard, the unit shall comply with the mechanical construction requirements of this section.
6.1.2 An enclosure of a unit shall prevent contact with uninsulated parts that represent a risk of electric shock, contain any ®re initiated within the unit, and prevent mechanical damage to internal parts.
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10B UL 8750 MAY 22, 2014
6.1.3 Circuits that represent a risk of electric shock or risk of ®re shall be provided with an enclosure that complies with 6.2 or 6.3.
6.1.4 Deleted May 22, 2014
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NOVEMBER 18, 2009UL 8750
11
6.1.5 An adhesive used to secure the enclosure of a product that poses a risk of electric shock or risk of ®re shall comply with the adhesive support test of 8.11. Fusion techniques, such as solvent cementing, ultrasonic welding, electromagnetic induction, and thermal welding are permitted without test. 6.2 Metal thickness
6.2.1 The thickness of a metal enclosure shall be in accordance with Table 6.1.
Exception: A part of an enclosure that complies with the mechanical strength tests for metal enclosures of 8.13 need not comply with the thickness speci®ed in Table 6.1.
Table 6.1
Minimum thickness of metal enclosures
Metal At small, ¯at, unreinforced At surfaces to which a wiring At relatively large unreinforced surfaces and at surfaces of asystem is to be connected in the ¯at surfaces shape or size to provide ®eld adequate mechanical strength mm (in) mm (in)Die-cast mm (in) 1.2 (3/) ± ±2.0 (5/) Cast malleable 1.6 (1/16) ± ± 2.4 (3/32) iron Other cast metal 2.4 (3/32) ± ± 3.2(1/8) Uncoated sheet 0.66 (0.026) 0.81 (0.032) 0.66 (0.026) steel Galvanized 0.74 (0.029) 0.86 (0.034) 0.74 (0.029) sheet steel Nonferrous 0.91 (0.036) 1.14 (0.045) 0.91 (0.036) sheet metal other than copper 6.2.2 All ferrous metal parts, including hinges, bolts, and fasteners, exposed after assembly shall be protected against corrosion by painting, coating, or plating, except for edges, punched holes, and spot welds in pre®nished steel,
enclosed steel pipe, and hanger locations for painting or plating. Copper, aluminum, alloys of copper and aluminum, stainless steel, and similar materials having inherent resistance to atmospheric corrosion are not required to have additional corrosion protection.
6.2.3 A protective coating need not be applied to steel enclosure parts when:
a) The interior of an enclosure is completely ®lled with potting compound,
b) Flat metal surfaces are tightly clamped together, or
c) Where not practical due to bearings, sliding surfaces of a hinge or shaft, hinge pins, and similar parts.
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12 UL 8750 NOVEMBER 18, 2009
6.3 Polymeric materials for enclosures and electrical insulation
NO
6.3.1 A polymeric material shall have an electrical, mechanical with impact and mechanical with strength relative
thermal index (RTI), or a generic thermal index as speci®ed in the Standard for Polymeric Materials ± Use in Electrical Equipment Evaluations, UL 746C, that is equal to or greater than the temperature measured during the temperature test of 8.3.
6.3.2 A polymeric material used as an enclosure shall comply with the material characteristic requirements identi®ed in Table 6.2 based on the speci®c application.
Table 6.2
Polymeric enclosure requirements
UL 746C performance characteristic Enclosure Type Needed Relative Temperature Index (RTI) Class 2 & LVLE None No No No No Power source Isolated non-Class 2 Fire Yes Yesa Yesb Yesc Direct connected Fire and Electrical Yes Yesa Yesb Yesc Impact ± 6.8 J (5 ft-lb) Impact ± 0.91 m (3 ft) drop Impact with pre-conditioningc ± 6.8 J (5 ft-lb) UV Resistance Flammability Mold Stress No No No No 5VAe, f Yes No No No Yesd Comparative Tracking Index (CTI) Hot Wire Ignition, (HWI) High Ampere Arc (HAI) Yes PLC of 4g PLC of 3g PLC of 2g 5VAe, f Yesd No No a 6.8 J (5 ft-lb) impact for dry or damp location, ®xed or stationary units b 0.91 m (3 ft) drop impact for portable units location units
c For damp or wet location, ®xed units, to be conducted after cold conditioning in accordance with UL 746C d For wet e V2 for portable units and Track Lighting Luminaires f V1 for the
lens (optic) of an LED package
g Not required when all live parts are > 0.8 mm from the material
6.3.3 A conductive coating applied to a surface such as the inside surface of a cover, enclosure, and the like shall comply with the appropriate requirements for metallized parts in the Standard for Polymeric Materials ± Use in Electrical Equipment Evaluations, UL 746C, unless it can be determined that ¯aking or peeling of the coating does not result in a reduction of spacing of electrical parts or the bridging of live parts that may result in a risk of ®re or electric shock.
6.3.4 The lens (optic) of an LED package connected in a circuit that represents a risk of electric shock need not be provided within an enclosure if made of:
a) Glass, or
b) A polymeric material that complies with the dielectric voltage withstand test of 8.4 when a 500-V potential is applied between the electrical connections to the LED and the lens surface.
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Document Was Downloaded By jeanne han For Use By CHENGDU NETON OPTOELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO LTD 6.3.5 The lens (optic) of an LED package connected in a circuit that represents a risk of ®re need not be provided within an enclosure if made of a material having a ¯ammability rating as noted in footnote f of Table 6.2. 6.4 Enclosure openings
6.4.1 Other than for supply connections, open holes shall not be permitted in any surface of a ®re or electrical enclosure.
Exception: An open hole is permitted in an enclosure intended for installation on or over an outlet box when the outlet box will serve to complete the enclosure.
6.4.2 Open holes shall be permitted for units not intended for installation in a concealed space. Line of sight to open core and coil components shall be louvered or baffled. 6.5 Conductor protection
6.5.1 Conductors that pass over edges or through openings in metal shall be secured from contacting the edges or be protected from cutting and abrasion. For sheet metal less than 1.1 mm (0.042 in) thick, protection shall be provided by one of the following methods:
a) Rolling the edge of the metal not less than 120 degrees,
b) A bushing or grommet of a material other than rubber at least 1.2 mm (0.047 in) thick, or
c) Glass sleeving at least 0.25 mm (0.010 in) thick.
6.6 Strain relief
6.6.1 For any accessible conductor operating above the limits for risk of ®re or electric shock, a strain relief and cord pushback means shall be provided that complies with the cord strain pushback relief test requirements of 8.8, where cord or lead wire displacement could result in:
a) Subjecting the supply cord or lead to mechanical damage,
b) Exposing the supply cord or lead to a temperature higher than that for which it is rated,
c) Reducing spacing (such as to a metal strain-relief clamp) below the minimum required values, or
d) Damage to internal connections or components.
Exception: A conductor embedded in a potting compound inside the enclosure at the cord entrance is considered to be provided with the necessary strain relief.
6.6.1 revised May 22, 2014
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14 UL 8750 NOVEMBER 1, 2011
6.7 Potting compound
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6.7.1 revised November 1, 2011
6.7.2 During the Temperature Test of 8.3, a potting compound shall comply with (a) or (b) as applicable:
a) A polymeric potting compound shall not exceed its Relative Thermal Index (RTI).
b) An asphalt potting compound shall remain at least 15°C (27°F) below its softening point as determined by the Standard Test Methods for Softening Point of Resins Derived from Naval Stores by Ring-and-Ball Apparatus, ASTM E28.
6.7.2 revised November 1, 2011
7 Electrical Construction 7.1 General
7.1.1 A unit intended to be used in an application identi®ed by one of the standards speci®ed in 1.3 shall comply with the electrical construction requirements of that standard. If an end-use application is not speci®ed or identi®ed, or if a particular construction feature is not covered by the identi®ed standard, the unit shall comply with the electrical construction requirements of this section.
7.1.2 A current-carrying part shall be gold, silver, copper, a copper alloy, plated iron or steel, stainless steel, or other corrosion-resistant alloys acceptable for the application.
Exception: Trace conductors and wire bonds on a printed wiring board are permitted to be of aluminum.
7.1.2 revised November 1, 2011
7.1.3 An uninsulated live part shall be secured so that it does not turn or shift in position if such motion results in a reduction of spacings below the minimum acceptable values.
7.1.4 Friction between surfaces is not acceptable as a means to prevent shifting or turning of a live part but a lock washer is acceptable.
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NOVEMBER 1, 201114A UL 8750
7.2 Accessibility
7.2.1 A live part that is a risk of electric shock shall be located so it is inaccessible to contact using the articulate probe shown in Figure 7.1, applying a force not exceeding 4.45 N (1 lbf).
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NOVEMBER 1, 2011
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14B
NOVEMBER 18, 200915 UL 8750
Figure 7.1
Articulate probe with web stop
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7.2.2 A part that can be removed without using a tool is to be removed when determining accessibility to the probe. 7.2.3
An insulating barrier used to prevent access to live parts shall not be less than 0.71 mm (0.028 in) thick.
7.2.4 An insulating barrier used in conjunction with not less than half the required spacing through air is permitted to be less than 0.71 mm (0.028 in) thick, but not less than 0.33 mm (0.013 in) thick if the barrier or liner is of insulating material that is:
a) Resistant to moisture,
b) Of acceptable mechanical strength if exposed or otherwise likely to be subjected to mechanical damage,
c) Reliably held in place, and
d) Located so that it is not adversely affected by operation of the device ± particularly arcing.
7.2.5 An insulating barrier in the secondary circuit where the potential is not more than 50 V is permitted to be less than 0.71 mm (0.028 in) thick but not less than 0.25 mm (0.010 in) thick if it is:
a) Resistant to moisture,
b) Of acceptable mechanical strength if exposed or otherwise likely to be subjected to mechanical damage, and
c) Reliably held in place.
7.2.6 An insulating barrier is permitted to have a thickness less than 0.71 mm (0.028 in) thick if separately evaluated as an internal barrier in accordance with the Standard for Polymeric Materials ± Use in Electrical Equipment Evaluations, UL 746C, and found to have insulating characteristics equivalent to 0.71 mm (0.028 in) thick vulcanized ®ber.
7.3 Internal wiring
7.3.1 Internal wiring shall consist of insulated conductors having the mechanical strength, dielectric voltage withstand properties and ampacity for the application.
7.3.2 Each splice and connection shall be mechanically secured, shall provide reliable electrical contact, and shall be provided with insulation at least equivalent to that of the voltage involved unless acceptable permanent spacing is maintained between the splice and all other uninsulated current-carrying parts at different potentials and non-current-carrying metal parts.
7.3.3 The electrical and mechanical connection between a conductor and any circuitry operating above the limits for risk of ®re or electric shock shall be contained within an enclosure and be inaccessible in accordance with 7.2.
7.3.3 revised May 22, 2014
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OCTOBER 17, 2012
UL 8750
17
Document Was Downloaded By jeanne han For Use By CHENGDU NETON OPTOELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO LTD 30232 : 6/27/2014 - 9:58 AM 7.3.4 Soldered connections to printed wiring boards shall be secured by one of the following methods:
a) A conductor passed through a hole and soldered on the opposite side.
b) A solder connection covered with epoxy, silicone rubber, or potting.
c) A surface mount connection with solder re¯ow.
d) A conductor held rigidly in place (without the use of solder) so as to preclude any movement at the point of electrical connection.
e) Surface Mount Device (SMD) components and components without integral leads soldered to the printed wiring board. Surface mounted connector receptacles and associated connectors with leads are acceptable without additional mechanical securement where the lead wires are not subject to movement after assembly.
f) Where supplied by a Class 2 or LVLE source, solder alone is sufficient if detachment will not reduce spacings of electrical parts to non-Class 2 or non-LVLE circuits below the applicable required spacings of 7.8.
g) A wave-solder connection to a metal-clad printed-circuit board without any further mechanical security.
h) Any other method that offers mechnical securement of the connection before soldering.
7.3.4 revised November 1, 2011
2
7.3.5 Conductors shall be minimum 18 AWG (0.82 mm), except as speci®ed in 7.3.6 and 7.3.7, and shall be rated for the voltage, current, temperature, and conditions of service for normal operation.
22
7.3.6 Conductors of a size smaller than 18 AWG (0.82 mm) but no smaller than 24 AWG (0.21 mm) are permitted under the following conditions:
a) Where completely enclosed,
b) Where not subject to movement under normal use, and
c) In the secondary of a transformer or in a circuit containing solid-state devices.
7.3.7 Conductors of any size are permitted when the conductors are in Class 2 or isolated LVLE circuits only and are physically separated from all other non-Class 2 or non-isolated LVLE circuits, such as by a barrier or reliably ®xed spacing of minimum 6.4 mm (0.25 in).
7.3.7 revised October 17, 2012
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7.4 Supply and load connections 7.4.1 General
7.4.1.1 Input and output wiring shall comply with the requirements for internal wiring as speci®ed in 7.3 in addition to the applicable requirements in this section.
7.4.1.2 Power limited circuit wiring that is intended to be routed within a building structure shall be of a type suitable for application (e.g. CL2, CL2P, CL3, CL3P, CL3R, CM, CMP, CMR, or PLTC) and in accordance with Article 725 of the National Electrical Code (NEC), ANSI/NFPA 70.
7.4.1.2 revised November 1, 2011
7.4.1.3 Units that are not intended as built-in components shall have provision for connection to a branch circuit source of supply by ®eld wiring in 7.4.2, integral blade assembly of a direct plug-in unit in 7.4.3, or supply cord and attachment plug assembly in 7.4.3.
7.4.1.3 added May 22, 2014
7.4.2 Permanently-connected units
7.4.2.1 Conduit connection
7.4.2.1.1 A unit intended to be connected to a branch circuit in accordance with the National Electrical Code (NEC), ANSI/NFPA 70, shall be provided with either ®eld-wiring leads complying with 7.4.2.2 or ®eld-wiring terminals complying with 7.4.2.3.
7.4.2.1.2 Connection to a permanent wiring system shall be by providing a means for conduit connection.
7.4.2.1.3 Unthreaded openings for conduit and the area surrounding the opening shall comply with the requirements in Table 7.1.
Table 7.1
Dimensions of unthreaded opening for conduit and diameter of the area surrounding the opening
Nominal trade size of Unthreaded opening diametera On interior of component, minimum conduit unobstructed diameter of ¯at surface surrounding conduit opening in mm (in) mm 1/2 22.2 (0.875) (in) 28.09(1.11)3/4 28.2 (1.109) 34.04(1.34) 1 34.9 (1.375) 42.85 (1.69) 1-1/4 44.0 (1.734) 55.07 (7.10) a A plus tolerance of 0.81 mm (0.032 in) and a minus tolerance of 0.38 mm (0.015 in) applies to the knockout diameter. Knockout diameters are to be measured other than at points where a tab attaches the knockout. 7.4.2.1.4 A threaded opening for conduit shall comply with Table 7.2. When tapped all the way through, the opening shall have at least 3.5 but no more than 5 threads and comply with the minimum unobstructed diameter of ¯at surface in Table 7.1 to accommodate the conduit bushing. When not tapped all the way through, the opening shall have at least 5 threads.
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OCTOBER 17, 2012UL 8750
18A
Table 7.2
Throat diameters for conduit openings
Nominal trade size of Minimum throat diameter Maximum throat diameter conduit in mm (in) 1/2 13.4 (0.528) mm (in) 15.8 (0.622)3/4 17.7 (0.697) 20.8 (0.819) 1 22.4 (0.882) 26.7 (1.051) 1-1/4 29.7(1.169) 35.1(1.382) 7.4.2.1.5 A unit provided with a means of conduit connection shall be shipped with provision to close all but one of
the conduit openings.
1 Conduit closure plugs shall be suitable for the purpose with respect to environmental and enclosure ¯
ammability criteria. 1
added October 17, 2012
1 Conduit and other knockouts or twistouts shall be secured in place so they can be removed without distorting the enclosure but remain in place during normal handling, as determined by the Knockout Secureness Test, Section 8.15.
1 added October 17, 2012
7.4.2.1.6 Unless provided with a reliably separated wiring compartment, an opening provided for the purpose of making ®eld connections to a branch circuit supply, shall be located greater than 152 mm (6 in) from the following:
a) Uninsulated live parts,
b) Low voltage circuitry,
c) Heat producing components,
d) Moving parts, and
e) Any electrical or mechanical component not speci®cally identi®ed above that could result in an increased risk of ®re or risk of shock.
7.4.2.1.7 The area adjacent to an opening where branch circuit supply connections are to be made in the ®eld and which has components located within 152 mm (6 in) of the opening shall be enclosed within a wiring compartment
having a volume of at least 98 cm33
(6 in). 7.4.2.1.8 A ®eld-wiring compartment intended for connection of a wiring system shall be attached to the unit in a manner that will prevent it from turning.
7.4.2.1.9 An outlet box, terminal box, wiring compartment, or the like in which connections to the unit will be made in the ®eld shall be free from any sharp edge, including screw threads, a burr, a ®n, a moving part, or the like, that may abrade the insulation on conductors or otherwise damage the wiring.
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18B UL 8750 OCTOBER 17, 2012
7.4.2.1.10 The minimum volume of an integral ®eld-wiring compartment for branch circuit connections shall be determined using Table 7.3. All conductors entering or leaving the compartment shall be included in the calculation; uninsulated grounding or bonding conductors integral to the unit are not to be included.
Field wiring shall assume size 12 AWG (1. mm2) conductors unless the ampacity of the unit requires
Document larger conductors.
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Table 7.3
Determination of minimum wiring compartment volume
Wire size AWG 18 16 14 12 10 cm 8.2 9.8 12.3 16.4 27.9 3
Conductor volume (in) (0.5) (0.6) (0.75) (1.0) (1.7) 3 7.4.2.2 Field-wiring leads
2
7.4.2.2.1 A ®eld-wiring lead shall be no smaller than 18 AWG (0.82 mm).
7.4.2.2.2 The free length of a ®eld-wiring lead shall be 15.2 cm (6 in) or more. Where a wiring
compartment is provided, the free length is measured from the point of entry of the lead into the wiring compartment to the free end. 7.4.2.2.3 The insulation of a lead intended for the connection of a grounded conductor (common or neutral) shall be white or gray throughout its length.
7.4.2.2.4 The insulation of a lead intended for the connection of an ungrounded (hot) conductor shall be any color other than white, gray, green, or green with yellow stripe. 7.4.2.2.5 A lead intended for the connection of a grounding conductor shall be bare (no insulation) or green, or green with yellow stripe. 7.4.2.3 Field-wiring terminals
7.4.2.3.1 A pressure wire type terminal or a wire binding screw shall be of the type suitable for ®eld wiring. 7.4.2.3.2 A terminal intended for connection of a grounded conductor of an ac supply shall be of metal
substantially white or silver in color or be marked with the words ªNEUTRALº, ªNº, ªWº or ªWhiteº. No other terminal shall be substantially white or silver in color.
7.4.2.3.3 A terminal intended for connection of a grounding conductor shall have a green colored head, or the area directly adjacent to the terminal shall be marked with a grounding symbol or abbreviation, as follows: G or GR or GRD or GND or GRND or GROUND or the symbol (IEC Publication 417, Symbol 5019).
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7.4.2.3.4 A terminal intended for connection of a dc supply where polarity of the supply connection is
UL 8750
19
required shall be marked with the symbols ª−ª and ª+º on or immediately adjacent to the supply terminals.
7.4.2.3.5 Where dislocation of a secured lead wire can result in a risk of electric shock or a reduction of
required spacings, a terminal plate tapped for a wire-binding screw or stud shall be of brass or other nonferrous metal, or plated steel, not less than 0.76 mm (0.030 in) thick, and shall provide not less than two full threads in the metal for the binding screw.
Exception No. 1: Two full threads are not required if a lesser number of threads results in a secure
connection in which the threads do not strip when subjected to the tests and requirements of the security of output terminals test of 8.9.
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OCTOBER 17, 2012
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MAY 22, 2014 UL 8750
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Exception No. 2: A plate may be less than 0.76 mm (0.030 in) thick if the tapped threads have acceptable mechanical
strength as determined by the security of output terminals test of 8.9.
7.4.2.3.6 A wire-binding screw or terminal stud shall not be smaller than 3.5 mm diameter (No. 6) and shall not have more than 32 threads per 25.4 mm (1 in). The screw or stud shall be of brass, brass alloy, or plated iron or steel.
7.4.2.3.7 Terminal studs shall be prevented from turning by means other than friction between mounting surfaces. The acceptability of a lock washer or similar means to prevent turning shall be determined by the security of output terminals test of 8.9.
7.4.2.4 Push-in terminals
7.4.2.4.1 A push-in wiring terminal for connection of supply leads shall only allow for the termination of the branch circuit conductor supplying the power source, and not provide for additional connections, unless the push-in wiring terminal has been evaluated to handle full branch circuit current.
7.4.2.4.2 The temperature rise of a push-in wire terminal shall not exceed 30°C during the temperature test of 8.3.
7.4.2.4.3 A unit that employs push-in terminals shall be marked in accordance with 9.3.1.
7.4.3 Cord-connected and direct plug-in units
7.4.3.1 A unit shall be provided with either:
a) A cord-connected or direct plug-in power supply or LED driver, with an output cord for mating with the unit, or
b) A power supply cord and attachment plug.
7.4.3.1 revised May 22, 2014
7.4.3.1.1 A unit having an attachment plug or direct plug-in blade con®guration shall be polarized or a grounding-type as shown in Figure 7.2.
Exception: A 2-conductor unit is not required to be supplied with a polarized plug when it does not include any single pole switches or fuses and parts that represent a risk of electric shock that may be accessible during operation or service.
7.4.3.1.1 added May 22, 2014
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UL 8750
NOVEMBER 18, 2009
Figure 7.2
Connection to attachment plug
In the ®gure:
a) The blade to which the green conductor is connected may have a U-shaped or a circular cross section.
b) The identi®ed conductor is the conductor that intended to be grounded.
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NOVEMBER 18, 2009
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7.4.3.2 A three-conductor ¯exible cord with ground shall be provided with conductor identi®cation to identify grounded and grounding conductors. A jacketed cord such as a SJT type shall have the grounding conductor within the jacket colored green or green with a yellow stripe and the grounded conductor shall be colored white or gray.
7.4.3.3 A component with no accessible dead-metal parts is not required to be provided with a supply cord of the grounding type, when identi®ed for use in an end-product with no dead metal needing to be grounded or only for use in an end-product such as portable luminaires where under certain uses grounding is not required.
7.4.3.4 When a two-conductor ¯exible cord is provided for connection to the source of supply and polarity is required, the conductors shall be connected to a polarized parallel-blade attachment plug with the identi®ed grounded
conductor (neutral) connected to the wider blade. A parallel cord such as Type SPT-2 shall have a stripe, ridge, or groove on the exterior of the cord surface of the grounded (neutral) conductor for identi®cation.
7.4.3.5
A power supply cord shall be minimum 18 AWG (0.82 mm2
). 7.4.3.6 The power supply cord provided on a unit designated for dry location only shall be Type SP-2, Type SPE-2, Type SPT-2, or heavier. The power supply cord on a product intended for use in wet locations shall be additionally rated for outdoor use by a surface marking ªWº or ªWater Resistant.º
7.4.3.7 A power supply cord shall be minimum 1.5 m (5 ft) in length. The length shall be measured from the point where the cord emerges from the unit, after any strain-relief means provided, to the point where the cord enters an attachment plug.
7.4.3.8 Where a knot in a ¯exible power supply cord serves as strain relief, the surface upon which the knot contacts or bears shall not have burrs, ®ns, sharp edges, and projections that could damage the insulation on a cord.
7.4.3.9 A power supply cord shall be provided with a bushing at the point where the cord passes through an opening in a metal enclosure or through a non-rounded opening of a polymeric enclosure. The bushing shall be secured in place and have a smooth, rounded surface against which the cord bears. The bushing shall be nonmetallic if the cord is Type SVT or lighter.
7.4.3.10 The attachment plug of a cord-connected unit shall be con®gured for a 15- or 20-A branch circuit receptacle and shall comply with either the requirements in the Standard for Attachment Plugs and Receptacles, UL 498, or the Standard for Cord Sets and Power-Supply Cords, UL 817, or both.
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7.4.4 Leads, terminals, and connectors for other than branch circuit connections 7.4.4.1 General
7.4.4.1.1 Input and output leads, terminals and connectors shall be rated for the voltage, current and temperature involved. 7.4.4.2 Leads
7.4.4.2.1 Input and output leads shall comply with the requirements for internal wiring of 7.3 and be of sufficient length to allow for the intended connection.
7.4.4.3 Output connectors
7.4.4.3.1 A unit with multiple Class 2 or LVLE supply or load connections where interconnection could cumulatively exceed Class 2 or LVLE limits shall be provided with polarized connectors that inhibit such interconnection.
7.4.4.3.2 Output connectors mounted on the enclosure and intended for direct connection of accessories shall provide a secure connection between mating parts. The connections shall be polarized if the output is direct current or if multiple outputs are provided.
7.4.4.3.3 Coaxial cable connectors shall not be used for output connections.
7.4.4.4 Insulation-piercing connections
7.4.4.4.1 Units employing insulation-piercing terminals intended for use with ¯exible cord or stranded conductor wire operating above Class 2 or LVLE limits shall be for factory assembly only.
7.4.4.4.2
Flexible cord and wire for insulation-piercing connections shall be rated minimum 105°C (221°F).
7.4.4.4.3 Units operating above Class 2 or LVLE limits and intended for insulation-piercing connections shall be subjected to the insulation-piercing connection thermal cycling conditioning test of 8.10 and comply with the temperature test of 8.3.
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OCTOBER 17, 2012UL 875025
7.5 Separation of circuits
7.5.1 Insulated conductors of different circuits that may contact each other, including wires in a terminal box or compartment, shall have insulation rated for the highest of the circuit voltages or shall be reliably separated a minimum of 6.44 mm (0.25 in).
7.5.2 Where units have ®eld-installed connections for Class 2 or LVLE circuits inside the enclosure wiring
compartment, the minimum 6.44 mm (0.25 in) separation from non-Class 2 or LVLE circuits shall be provided by
means of separate entries for Class 2 or LVLE and non-Class 2 wiring, or the reliable routing of the conductors within the unit, or the effective use of barriers.
7.5.3 Segregation of insulated conductors may be accomplished by clamping, routing, a barrier, or equivalent means that provides reliable separation from insulated or uninsulated live parts of a different circuit.
7.6 Insulating materials
7.6.1 Integral parts such as insulating washers and bushings, and bases or supports for mounting of live parts, shall be of moisture-resistant materials that are not damaged by the temperatures and stresses to which they are subjected under conditions of actual use.
7.6.2 An insulating material is to be evaluated for the application in accordance with the Standard for Polymeric Materials ± Use in Electrical Equipment Evaluations, UL 746C, with respect to:
a) Mechanical strength,
b) Resistance to ignition sources,
c) Dielectric strength,
d) Insulation resistance,
e) Heat-resistant properties in both the aged and unaged conditions,
f) The degree to which it is enclosed,
g) Resistance to moisture if the unit is other than rated for dry locations, and
h) Any other features affecting the risk of ®re and electric shock.
Exception No. 1: Materials, such as mica, ceramic, or some molded compounds are usually acceptable for use as the sole support of live parts.
Exception No. 2: The insulating materials within an LED package, where the relative thermal index (RTI) or the generic thermal index is exceeded, shall be evaluated in accordance with 8.16.
7.6.2 revised October 17, 2012
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7.7 Printed wiring boards
7.7.1
Printed wiring boards shall comply with the Standard for Printed Wiring Boards, UL 796. 7.7.1 revised October 17, 2012
7.7.1.1 Conductive traces shall be bonded to the substrate for the minimum conductor width and maximum unpierced area as required by the Standard for Printed-Wiring Boards, UL 796.
Exception No. 1: Printed-wiring boards that are completely encased in potting compound are permitted to exceed their speci®ed minimum conductor width or maximum unpierced area.
Exception No. 2: A printed-wiring board connected within a Class 2 or LVLE circuit need not comply when means (such as position, distance, or barrier) are provided to ensure that the limited energy traces cannot contact non-energy
limited live parts should the traces become detached from the substrate.
7.7.1.1 added October 17, 2012
7.7.1.2 Temperatures measured in the temperature test of 8.3 shall not exceed the maximum operating temperature (MOT) of the printed wiring board.
Exception: A printed-wiring board connected within a Class 2 or LVLE circuit need not comply when means (such as position, distance, or barrier) are provided to ensure that the limited energy traces cannot contact non-energy limited
live parts should the traces become detached from the substrate.
7.7.1.2 added October 17, 2012
7.7.1.3 The ¯ammability rating of the printed wiring board shall be no less than V-1 in accordance with the Standard for Tests for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances, UL 94.
Exception: A circuit supplied by a Class 2 or LVLE source need not comply.
7.7.1.3 added October 17, 2012
7.7.1.4 Printed wiring boards shall comply with the requirement for direct support of current carrying parts.
Exception No. 1: A printed wiring board that contains only a Class 2 or LVLE circuits need not comply. Exception No. 2: A printed wiring board that is completely encased in potting compound need not comply.
7.7.1.4 added October 17, 2012
7.7.2 Where a conformal coating is used to meet the requirements of this standard, it shall comply with the requirements in the Standard for Polymeric Materials ± Use in Electrical Equipment Evaluations, UL 746C, and be suitable for use in combination with the printed wiring board.
Exception: Conformal coatings applied to PWBs that contain only Class 2 or LVLE circuits need not comply.
7.7.2 revised May 22, 2014
7.7.3 Deleted May 22, 2014
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7.8 Electrical spacings
7.8.1 Minimum spacings other than on printed wiring boards or on board-mounted components shall not be less than
those shown in Table 7.4, between:
a) Uninsulated live parts of opposite polarity,
b) Uninsulated live parts and a grounded dead-metal part, and
c) Uninsulated live parts and an accessible dead-metal part.
7.8.1 revised May 22, 2014
Table 7.4
Spacings other than on printed wiring boards or board-mounted components
Table 7.4 revised May 22, 2014
Potential involved Through air Over surface V rms mm (in)(in) 0 ± 50 1.6a mm (1/16)a 1.6a (1/16)a 513.2a (1/8)a 6.4(1/4)151 ± ± 150 300 6.4 (1/4) 9.5 (3/8) 301 ± 600 9.5 (3/8) 12.7 (1/2) a The spacing between ®eld-wiring terminals of opposite polarity and the spacings between a ®eld-wiring terminal and a grounded dead- metal part shall not be less than 6.4 mm (1/4 in). 7.8.2 Deleted May 22, 2014
7.8.3 Minimum spacings on printed wiring boards and for board-mounted components shall be not less than those shown in Table 7.5 between:
a) Uninsulated live parts of opposite polarity,
b) Uninsulated live parts and a grounded dead-metal part, and
c) Uninsulated live parts and an accessible dead-metal part.
Minimum spacings for components mounted along the edge of a printed wiring board shall take into consideration the possible movement of the component and the printed wiring board itself. When applying the limits in Table 7.5, the printed wiring board is to be positioned, when movement is possible, in the direction that yields the smallest spacings
between the parts in question.
Exception No. 1: Spacings between uninsulated live parts of different voltage on non-conformal coated printed wiring boards, their connectors, and board-mounted electrical components wired on the load side of line ®lters or similar voltage peak reduction networks and components, are permitted to be 0.58 mm (0.0230 in) plus 0.005 mm (0.0002 in) per V peak.
Exception No. 2: Compliance with the dielectric withstand test speci®ed in 8.4 shall be accepted as an alternative means to determine compliance of spacings on a printed wiring board between any uninsulated live part of opposite polarity and between live parts and ground reference points or grounded parts on the board.
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UL 8750
MAY 22, 2014
Exception No. 3: Spacings between adjacent PWB traces are permitted to be evaluated based on short circuit tests
between the traces. This alternate method is not applicable when the adjacent PWB traces provide spacings:
1) Between electrically isolated circuits, or
2) Between live parts and ground.
Sample preparation shall be per 8.5.1.1 ±
8.5.1.3. Compliance shall be determined per 8.5.1.4 criteria. 7.8.3 revised May 22, 2014
Table 7.5
Spacings on printed wiring boards and for board-mounted components Table 7.5 revised May 22, 2014
Maximum voltage between parts, Vrms (Vpeak=1.4 Vrms) 0 ± 50 51 ± 150 151 ± 300 301 ± 450 451 ± 600 Minimum spacings in millimeters (inches) [through air/over Locations surface distance] Parts potted or conformal coated a ±/0.18±/0.3a ±/0.7 ±/0.8 ±/0.8 (±/0.007) (±/0.012) (±/0.028) (±/0.030) (±/0.030) Live parts reliably positioned AND 0.2/0.6 0.5/0.8 1.5/1.5 2.25/2.25 3.0/3.0 insulator with CTI 600 (PLC = 0)b; i.e.:(0.008/0.025)adjacent PWB traces, lead pins of (0.020/0.030) (0.060/ (0.090/ (0.120/ 0.060) 0.090) 0.120) semiconductors to their mounting, etc. Live parts reliably positioned AND 0.2/1.2 0.5/1.61.5/3.0 2.25/ insulator with CTI 100 (PLC 4)c3.0/6.1 ; i.e.: (0.008/0.045) (0.020/0.065) (0.060/ 4.5(0.090/ (0.120/adjacent PWB traces, lead pins of 0.120) 0.175) 0.250) semiconductors to their mounting, etc. Parts on printed wiring boards that are 3.0/- (0.120/-) 3.0/± 3.9/± 4.7/± 5.6/± soldered in place but can move in (0.120/±) (0.155/±) (0.185/±) (0.220/±) production prior to soldering to ®xed parts or uninsulated live parts on printed wiring board (including the traces) to grounded or accessible dead metald Live parts and dead conductive parts in a3.2/6.4 3.2/6.4 6.4/9.5 6.4/9.5 9.5/9.5 conventional magnetic device(0.125/0.250) (0.125/0.250) (0.250/ (0.250/ (0.375/ construction where the coil size can vary 0.375) 0.375) 0.375) due to random wind OR where coil assembly placement can vary in
production NOTE: D = distance in millimeters, V = voltage in volts
a Or as determined from the investigation of the conformal coating, whichever is greater. b Other dimensions of over surface distance calculated by the following formulas: for V 160, D = 0.002V + 0.5 for V > 160, D = 0.005V
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Table 7.5 Continued
Maximum voltage between parts, Vrms (Vpeak=1.4 Vrms) 0 ± 50 51 ± 150 151 ± 300 301 ± 450 451 ± 600 Minimum spacings in millimeters (inches) [through air/over Locations surface distance]c Other dimensions of over surface distance calculated by the following formulas: for V 160, D = 0.004V + 1.0 for V > 160, D = 0.01V d Other dimensions of through air distance calculated by the following formula: for 150 < V < 1050, D = 0.0059V + 2.09 Table 7.6
Spacings other than ®eld-wiring branch circuit supply terminals
Table 7.6 deleted May 22, 2014
7.8.3.1 Minimum spacings at other than at ®eld-wired branch circuit supply terminals or between uninsulated live parts and a metal enclosure are permitted to be in accordance with the Standard for Insulation Coordination Including Clearances and Creepage Distances for Electrical Equipment, UL 840. Overvoltage Category II applies to circuits directly connected to the supply source. Printed wiring boards are presumed to have a minimum CTI of 100 unless known to be greater.
7.8.3.1 added May 22, 2014
7.8.3.2 The inherent spacings of discrete components along with other conductive parts at their point of connection to these discrete components, as well as the spacings of circuits supplied by a Class 2 or LVLE source between points of opposite polarity and to dead metal, are exempt from the spacings requirements in this section.
7.8.3.2 added May 22, 2014
7.8.4 Enameled and similar ®lm-coated wire is identi®ed as an uninsulated live part.
7.8.5 The spacings between output circuitry and dead metal for a ground-referenced circuit shall be based on the maximum open-circuit voltage to ground.
7.8.6 Parts subject to movement relative to other parts shall be positioned in their most severe orientation prior to measurement of spacings, unless reliably held in place.
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7.9 Circuit components
7.9.1 A ®xed resistor, semiconductor, thermistor, Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) or Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) resistor, or the like relied upon to limit the output of a unit or otherwise achieve acceptable
performance shall have permanence and stability which does not decrease its limiting capabilities over time and use. Among the factors considered when evaluating a limiting component are the cumulative effects of temperature, electrical transients, moisture, and other environmental conditions.
7.9.2 A component that bridges two circuits otherwise required to be isolated from one another shall be one of the following:
a) A Class Y1 capacitor complying with the antenna coupling requirements speci®ed in the Standard for Capacitors and Suppressors for Radio- and Television-Type Appliances, UL 1414,
b) A Class Y1 capacitor complying with the requirements speci®ed in the Standard for Fixed Capacitors for use in Electronic Equipment, UL 60384-14,
c) Two capacitors connected in series, each capacitor individually complying with the dielectric voltage withstand test of 8.4,
d) Two Y2 capacitors in series complying with the antenna coupling requirements speci®ed in the Standard for Capacitors and Suppressors for Radio- and Television-Type Appliances, UL 1414,
e) Two Y2 capacitors in series complying with the requirements speci®ed in the Standard for Fixed Capacitors for use in Electronic Equipment, UL 60384-14,
f) An optical isolator complying with the requirements of the Standard for Optical Isolators, UL 1577, with a suitable isolation voltage rating, or
g) A transformer that complies with the dielectric voltage withstand test of 8.4.
7.9.2 revised October 17, 2012
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OCTOBER 17, 2012
UL 8750
30A
7.10 Protective devices
7.10.1 A protective device relied upon for compliance with this standard shall comply with those requirements applicable to that component that speci®cally relate to protecting the equipment from the current overload or other conditions described in Performance, Section 8. Protective devices include eutectic material, fuses, over temperature and over current protectors, thermal protectors, and similar devices.
7.10.1 revised October 17, 2012
7.10.2 A protective device in a primary circuit shall not be connected in the neutral (grounded) conductor unless the device simultaneously interrupts the grounded and ungrounded supply conductors.
7.10.3 An overcurrent protective device relied upon for construction or performance requirements shall be inaccessible to tampering or shall not be interchangeable with a device having a higher current rating.
7.10.4 The fuse type identi®cation and ampere rating shall be marked in accordance with 9.3.2 on or adjacent to a user serviceable fuse or fuse holder.
7.10.5 A eutectic material link or printed wiring board trace relied upon as an overcurrent protective device shall be conformal coated or potted, and shall comply with the limited short circuit and foil trace calibration tests speci®ed in the Standard for Fluorescent-Lamp Ballasts, UL 935.
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OCTOBER 17, 2012
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30B
NOVEMBER 1, 2011UL 8750
31
7.11 Coil insulation
7.11.1 General
7.11.1.1 A coil shall be provided with insulation between the coil and any dead-metal part, and between each adjacent pair of windings. Physical insulation material is not required if the spacings requirements of electrical spacings of 7.8 are met without any insulation material in place.
Exception No. 1: Two or more secondary windings may be considered as a single winding and interposing insulation is not required if, when interconnected, the windings comply with the performance requirements for a single winding. Exception No. 2: Insulated wiring which complies with the Standard for Single- and Multi-Layer Insulated Winding Wire,
UL 2353, is considered suitable insulation between the coil and any dead-metal part.
7.11.1.1 revised November 1, 2011
7.11.1.2 Coil insulation shall either be inherently moisture resistant or treated to render it moisture resistant. Film-coated magnet wire is considered to be moisture resistant.
7.11.2 Insulation for transformers
7.11.2.1 Insulation between uninsulated, primary wires of opposite polarity shall be one of the following:
a) Electrical grade paper, waxed or otherwise treated to resist the absorption of moisture, having a total thickness of not less than 0.3 mm (0.01 in),
b) Other insulating material having a dielectric breakdown strength of not less than 2500 V in the thickness used as determined by the tests on insulating materials speci®ed in the Standard for Class 2 Power Units, UL 1310, or
c) Insulated wiring which complies with the Standard for Single- and Multi-Layer Insulated Winding Wire,
UL 2353.
7.11.2.1 revised November 1, 2011
7.11.2.2 Insulation between primary and secondary windings shall be one of the following:
a) Electrical grade paper, waxed or otherwise treated to resist the absorption of moisture, having a total minimum thickness of 0.3 mm (0.01 in),
b) A molded polymeric material such as a coil form or bobbin having a minimum thickness of 0.65 mm (0.03 in),
c) Other than a molded polymeric material and having a dielectric breakdown strength of not less than 2500 V in the thickness used as determined by the tests on insulating materials speci®ed in the Standard for Class 2 Power Units, UL 1310, or
d) Insulated wiring which complies with the Standard for Single- and Multi-Layer Insulated Winding Wire,
UL 2353.
7.11.2.2 revised November 1, 2011
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UL 8750
MAY 22, 2014
7.11.2.3 Tape used as insulation in lieu of spacings for a concentrically-wound bobbin transformer shall provide a continuous 0.8-mm (1/32-in) minimum wide bent up edge against the bobbin ¯
anges. 7.11.2.3 revised November 1, 2011
7.11.2.4 A concentrically-wound bobbin transformer shall be subjected to the output loading test requirements of 8.5.3. The test shall be continued for 15 days if the transformer has:
a) The primary winding wound over the secondary winding or the secondary winding wound over the primary winding, and
b) The primary winding insulated from the secondary winding by a layer of insulating material other than that speci®ed in 7.11.2.1(b).
Exception: The test is not required to be applied for 15 days if the following requirements are met:
a) Multiple layered winding wire is used, which has been evaluated to the requirements for miscellaneous insulating devices and materials of the Standard for Polymeric Materials ± Short Term Property Evaluations, UL 746A, the Standard for Polymeric Materials ± Long Term Property Evaluations, UL 746B, and the Standard for Polymeric Materials ± Use in Electrical Equipment Evaluations, UL 746C,
b) The primary-to-secondary winding spacings are reliably maintained and comply with Table 7.4,
c) The requirements in the Standard for Insulation Coordination Including Clearances and Creepage Distances for Electrical Equipment, UL 840, are reliably maintained for the primary-to-secondary creepage distance, and a Comparative Tracking Index (CTI) rating of 100 for all insulating material is determined, or
d) Insulated wiring is used which complies with the Standard for Single- and Multi-Layer Insulated
Winding Wire, UL 2353.
7.11.2.4 revised May 22, 2014
7.11.2.5 Insulation between the primary winding and the core shall be one of the following:
a) Electrical grade paper, waxed or otherwise treated to resist moisture, having a minimum total thickness of 0.3 mm (0.01 in),
b) A molded polymeric material such as a coil form or bobbin having a minimum thickness of 0.65 mm (0.03 in),
c) Other than a molded polymeric material and having a dielectric breakdown strength of not less than 2500 V in the thickness used as determined by the tests on insulating materials speci®ed in the Standard for Class 2 Power Units, UL 1310, or
d) Insulated wiring which complies with the Standard for Single- and Multi-Layer Insulated Winding Wire, UL 2353.
Exception: Insulation may be reduced or waived between the primary and core when all of the following conditions are met:
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a) The core is of a low electrical conductance material, for example ferrite used in switch-mode product,
b) The core is treated as a live and electrically conductive part when judging insulation and spacings between the core and:
i) Accessible metal parts,
ii) The secondary windings, and
iii) Any other output circuitry.
c) In applying (b), the core shall be considered to be at the maximum potential of the primary winding, and
d) Insulation between secondary windings and core are in accordance with the above requirement.
7.11.2.5 revised November 1, 2011
7.11.2.6 Insulation between the primary winding lead connections and a metallic enclosure shall be one of the following:
a) Electrical grade paper, waxed or otherwise treated to resist the absorption of moisture, not less than 0.3 mm (0.01 in) thick if used in conjunction with an air spacing of no less than one-half that speci®ed in 7.8,
b) Electrical grade paper, waxed or otherwise treated to resist the absorption of moisture having a total thickness of not less than 0.7 mm (0.03 in) when the insulation is in contact with the enclosure,
c) Insulation having a dielectric breakdown strength of not less than 2500 V in the thickness used for (a) and 5000 V in the thickness used for (b) as determined by tests on insulating materials speci®ed in the Standard for Class 2 Power Units, UL 1310, or
d) Insulated wiring which complies with the Standard for Single- and Multi-Layer Insulated Winding Wire,
UL 2353.
7.11.2.6 revised November 1, 2011
7.11.2.7 Insulation in accordance with 7.11.2.8 shall be provided between a crossover lead and:
a) The turns of the winding to which it is connected,
b) The adjacent winding,
c) The metallic enclosure, and
d) The core.
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7.11.2.8 To comply with 7.11.2.7, insulation shall be one of the following:
a) Electrical grade paper, waxed or otherwise treated to resist the absorption of moisture, having a total thickness of not less than 0.3 mm (0.01 in),
b) Other insulating material having a dielectric breakdown strength of not less than 2500 V in the thickness used as determined by the tests on insulating materials speci®ed in the Standard for Class 2 Power Units, UL 1310, or
c) Insulated wiring which complies with the Standard for Single- and Multi-Layer Insulated Winding
Wire, UL 2353.
Exception No. 1: Any type or thickness of insulation, or a through air spacing less than speci®ed in 7.8, between a crossover lead and the winding to which it is connected may be used if the coil withstands the dielectric voltage withstand test of 8.4 with the potential applied between the coil leads and with the coil lead cut at the point where it enters the inner layer.
Exception No. 2: This requirement does not apply to insulation between a Class 2 secondary crossover lead and:
a) The secondary winding to which the crossover lead is connected,
b) The metallic enclosure, and
c) The core.
7.11.2.8 revised November 1, 2011
7.11.2.9 With reference to Exception No. 1 to 7.11.2.8, the magnetic coil of a molded bobbin transformer having a slot for the crossover or start lead ± unspliced at the windings ± is acceptable as crossover lead insulation if:
a) The slots provide a graduated through air spacing to the winding, increasing to the end turns, and
b) The magnet-coil winding withstands the dielectric voltage withstand test of 8.4.
7.11.2.9 revised November 1, 2011
7.11.2.10 Insulation between the primary-lead connections and the adjacent winding, and between secondary-lead connections and the primary winding shall be one of the following:
a) Electrical grade paper, waxed or otherwise treated to resist the absorption of moisture, having a total thickness of not less than 0.7 mm (0.03 in),
b) Other insulating material having a dielectric breakdown strength of not less than 5000 V in the thickness used as determined by tests on insulating materials speci®ed in the Standard for Class 2 Power Units, UL 1310, or
c) Insulated wiring which complies with the Standard for Single- and Multi-Layer Insulated Winding Wire, UL 2353.
7.11.2.10 revised November 1, 2011
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7.11.2.11 Deleted May 22, 2014
7.11.3 Electrical insulation systems
7.11.3 added May 22, 2014
7.11.3.1 A transformer or coil that operates above Class 105 (A) temperature limits as indicated in Table 8.1 during the Temperature Test of 8.3 shall incorporate an electrical insulation system that complies with the Standard for Systems of Insulating Materials ±
General, UL 1446.
Exception: Under conditions a, b or c below, the integral insulation materials for a transformer or coil need not be evaluated as an electrical insulation system but shall operate within the relative thermal index (RTI) or generic
thermal index of the individual insulation material:
a) The transformer or coil windings are wholly connected within Class 2 or LVLE circuits,
b) The coil consists of a single winding with a core that is isolated from ground and all accessible dead metal, or
c) The transformer or coil windings are not relied upon for electrical isolation and the core is isolated from ground and all accessible dead metal.
7.12 Class 2 output circuits
7.12.1 When an output is marked or otherwise identi®ed as being Class 2, that output shall comply with the performance, and marking requirements described in the Standard for Class 2 Power Units, UL 1310, including performance under normal, abnormal, and fault conditions as de®ned in UL 1310.
7.12.1 revised November 1, 2011
PERFORMANCE 8 Performance Tests
8.1 General
8.1.1 A unit intended to be used in an application identi®ed by one of the standards speci®ed in 1.3 shall comply with the performance test requirements of that standard. If an end-use application is not speci®ed or identi®ed, or if a
safety-related aspect of the unit's performance is not covered by the identi®ed standard, the unit shall comply with the performance requirements of this section.
8.1.2 All electrical measurements, unless otherwise speci®ed, are to be conducted:
a) In a draft-free room,
b) At an ambient temperature of 25 5°C (779°F) unless a higher ambient temperature is speci®ed by the manufacturer, and
c) With the unit connected to a supply source of nominal frequency that is adjusted to within 5 percent of the marked rated voltage.
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8.2 Input test
8.2.1 The input current (or wattage, if so rated) of a LED array, module, or package shall not exceed 110 percent of the rating of the unit when operated at rated input voltage.
8.2.2 The input current (or wattage, if so rated) of a LED controller or driver shall not exceed 110 percent of the rating when operated at rated input voltage and supplying rated load.
8.3 Temperature test
8.3.1 A unit shall be subjected to a temperature test to determine that the temperatures do not exceed the limits on the speci®ed components in Table 8.1 during normal operation of the unit. The unit shall be positioned in an alcove or still- air test oven appropriate for the product and maintained in an ambient temperature as speci®ed in Table 8.2.
8.3.1 revised November 1, 2011
Table 8.1
Maximum acceptable temperatures
Table 8.1 revised November 1, 2011
Materials and components°C°F A. COMPONENTS 1.Capacitor (other than oil ®lled)a a 2.Fusesa a 3.Internal wiring a a 4. Potting compound b b 5. Printed-wiring boards a a 6. Switches, terminal blocks, and connectorsa a B. ELECTRICAL INSULATION 7. Class 105 (A) Insulation systems: Outer surface ± thermocouple method 90 194 Average ± resistance method (fully potted) 105 221 Average ± resistance method (open core and coil) 95 203 Class 130 (B) Insulation systems: Outer surface ± thermocouple method 110 230 Average ± resistance method 120 248 Class 155 (F) Insulation systems: Outer surface ± thermocouple method 135 275 Average ± resistance method140 284 Class 180 (H) Insulation systems: Outer surface ± thermocouple method 150 302 Average ± resistance method165 329 8.Vulcanized ®ber employed as electrical insulation for other than 90 194 coil systems C.SURFACES 9. A surface upon which the unit is placed or mounted in service 90 194 10. 75 167 11.See 8.3.3 A non-metallic surface of a direct plug-in or through-cord unit Interior surface of ®eld-wiring compartment a There are no temperatures speci®ed; the manufacturer's rated temperature of the material or component is to be used.
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Table 8.1 Continued
Materials and components°C °F b Unless the material is thermal-setting, the maximum potting-compound temperature, when corrected to a 40°C (104°F) ambient
temperature, is 15°C (27°F) less than the softening point of the compound as determined by the Standard Test Methods for Softening Point of Resins Derived from Naval Stores by Ring-and-Ball Apparatus, ASTM E28. UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL –
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MAUL 8750
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NOVEMBER 1, 2011UL 8750
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Table 8.2
Ambient temperature test condition
Test chamber Ambient temperature tDocumen Device Remote, through-cord, or direct plug-inAlcove 25°C (77°F) Was Used within a luminaire Test oven 40°C (104°F)
ByDownloaded8.3.2 A unit integral to a luminaire product shall be tested in accordance with the applicable luminaire product standard. 8.3.3 The temperature on any surface inside a terminal or splice compartment when corrected to 25°C (77° F) shall not be more than 60°C (140°F) unless the device is marked maximum 75°C (167°F) or maximum 90°C (194°F) in accordance with 9.3.3.
jeanne 8.3.4 A unit for remote applications is to be tested in an ambient air temperature of 25°C (77°F). A temperature test may be performed at any ambient-air temperature within 20 ± 30°C (68 ± 86°F) and the han variation from 25°C (77°F) may be added to or subtracted from the observed temperature readings.
8.3.5 The average of two or more thermocouple readings is to be taken for the air temperature within the
UseFortest enclosure. Thermocouples as described in 8.3.17 are to be located so that the temperature-sensing portions are 76.2 mm (3 in) from the ¯
oor of the test enclosure, and not less than 76.2 mm (3 in) from the nearest wall.
8.3.6 The test is to continue until constant temperatures are obtained. A temperature is considered constant if:
a) The test has been running for at least 3 hours, and
b) Three successive readings, taken at 15-minute intervals, are within 1°C (1.8°F) of one another and are still not rising.
8.3.7 For all tests in which a direct plug-in unit is to be energized from a source of supply, the unit is to be operated from an outlet representing the following constructions:
a) Duplex receptacle outlet with nonmetallic faceplate,
b) Receptacle mounted on a nonmetallic outlet box, not more than 196 cm3 (12 in3
) in volume, and
c) Outlet box mounted in a vertical wall section approximately 100 mm (3-1/2 in) thick with plywood or gypsum wallboard surfaces and loosely ®lled with ®berglass or equivalent thermal insulation.
8.3.8 A unit intended to be used inside of a luminaire shall be supported in a test oven with its mounting surface down and 76 mm (3 in) above the base of the enclosure in a central position on two 76 mm (3 in) wooden or ceramic cleats. To determine the temperature produced on the device surface, thermocouples shall be attached to the case in the areas of major heat sources. Temperatures on the device case shall be determined by means of thermocouples, and in the coils by the thermocouple or rise-of-resistance method.
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NOVEMBER 18, 2009
UL 8750
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8.3.9 For a unit with potting it would be necessary to apply thermocouples to interior components prior to potting.
8.3.10 A thermocouple junction and the adjacent thermocouple lead wire are to be securely held in thermal contact with the surface of the material of which the temperature is being measured. In most cases, adequate thermal contact will result from securely taping or cementing the thermocouple in place; but, if a metal surface is involved, brazing or soldering the thermocouple to the metal may be necessary.
8.3.11 It may be necessary to test a modi®ed sample, with additional lead wires that are extended, so that the temperature of each coil of a device may be measured by the resistance method.
8.3.12 The following explanation pertains to coil insulation temperatures. The insulation system temperature (class) is also the internal hot spot temperature limit. The average coil temperature, obtained by the change of resistance method, is the average of the entire coil from internal hot spots to the cooler, outer surface; hence, the average limit is lower than the internal hot spot, or system limit. The thermocouple measurement method gives the temperature of the cooler, outer surface; hence, the outer surface limit is lower than the average limit. In end-product applications, the thermocouple measurement method is primarily for convenience. At the point on the surface of a device where the temperature is affected by another source of heat, the temperature may exceed the value given in Table 8.1 provided the average temperature is not exceeded.
8.3.13 The temperature on a coil may be measured by the thermocouple method or determined by the change-of-resistance method (comparing the resistance of the winding at the temperature to be measured with its resistance at a known temperature) using the formula speci®ed below.
8.3.14 The temperature of a winding is to be calculated by the following formula:
in which:
TH is the temperature of the coil at the end of the test, °C RH is the resistance of the coil at the end of the test, in RC is the resistance of the coil at the beginning of the test, in
k is a constant which represents the temperature coefficient for the coil = 234.5 for copper or 225.0 for electrical conductor grade (EC) aluminum
AC is the ambient temperature of the coil at the beginning of the test when RC is measured, ° C. Normally 25°C unless the coil is being tested in an oven at a higher ambient temperature. AH is the ambient temperature at the end of the test when RH is measured, °C
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Document Was Downloaded By jeanne han For Use By CHENGDU NETON OPTOELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO LTD 30232 : 6/27/2014 - 9:58 AM 8.3.15 As it is generally necessary to de-energize the winding before measuring RH, the value of RH at shutdown is determined by taking several resistance measurements at short intervals, beginning as quickly as possible after the instant of shutdown. A curve plotted showing the resistance values as a function of time may then be extrapolated to give a value of RH at shutdown.
8.3.16 If a manual method is used to collect the data, generally the values of resistance are to be taken over a 30 second period, 5 seconds apart. The extrapolated value (to the time of power shutdown) can be determined by a
graphical computer spreadsheet application. If a computer spreadsheet application is used, the trend-line equation can be from the best ®t of a linear, polynomial, or exponent regression. If a computer automated (and quicker) method is used to collect the data, the values of resistance can be taken as permitted by the equipment. The extrapolated value (to the time of power shutdown) can be determined by a linear regression.
8.3.17 The junction of the thermocouple is to be ®rmly secured with the point on the surface on which the temperature is to be measured. When radiation may affect thermocouple measurement of polymeric material, it is permitted to
embed the junction of the thermocouple within the material such that the thermocouple junction is shielded from direct
2
optical radiation. The thermocouple is to consist of wires not larger than 24 AWG (0.21 mm) and not smaller than 30
22
AWG (0.05 mm). Thermocouples consisting of 30 AWG (0.05 mm) iron and constantan (Type J) wires are to be used whenever a referee temperature measurement by thermocouples is necessary. Thermocouples consisting of chromel-alumel (Type K) or copper-constantan (Type T) wires may be used if it is determined that high frequency operation results in eddy current heating of iron and constantan thermocouples.
8.3.17 revised October 17, 2012
8.3.18 When an array (module) is provided with a manufacturer identi®ed Test Reference Point the temperature test shall be performed as follows:
a) The array is attached to the heat sink (if any) provided or recommended by the manufacturer in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
b) The assembly is then placed in a still air test oven maintained at an ambient temperature of 40°C (104°F).
c) The array is then operated until temperatures have stabilized.
d) The temperature at the Test Reference Point (see 3.25.1) shall be recorded.
e) The designated temperature for the Test Reference Point shall be calculated using test results in 8.3.1 as follows:
1) For each of the parts noted in Table 8.1, the difference between the maximum temperature allowed per Table 8.1 and the observed temperature is calculated (t1. . .
tn),
2) The smallest value of (t1. . . tn) is designated as t,
3) t plus the temperature observed at the Test Reference Point is the maximum designated value allowed for the Test Reference Point. A lesser value may be stated by the manufacturer.
8.3.18 added May 22, 2014
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8.3.18.1 In situations where optical radiation from the light source is expected to affect the accuracy of a temperature measurement, with the agreement of all parties involved, linear regression is permitted to be used. A series of temperature measurements shall be taken at 5-second increments immediately after the light source has been de-energized for a total duration of 130 seconds. The data from the ®rst 10 seconds shall be discarded and the remaining 120 seconds of data plotted on a time vs. temperature graph. Using a linear regression formula, the temperature at time zero shall be calculated and recorded to represent the temperature measurement value.
8.3.18.1 added May 22, 2014
a) An LED driver marked or otherwise indicated by the manufacturer to be dimmable using a solid-state electronic dimming control that is electrically wired in series with the mains supply shall be subject to temperature testing procedures indicated in 8.3.20 ± 8.3.22.
)
added September 19, 2013
b) The LED driver shall be operated with the input power supply source con®gured for test methods 1, 2, and 3 (a and b) or test methods 1 and 4 (a and b). Test methods 1, 2, and 3 (a and b) apply when the LED driver is marked or otherwise indicated by the manufacturer to be dimmable. Test methods 1 and 4 apply when the LED driver is marked or otherwise indicated by the manufacturer for use with a speci®c dimmer. For all test methods, the LED driver output is connected to its rated load.
Method 1 ± Mains supply: The LED driver shall be operated at rated input voltage directly from the mains supply.
Method 2 ± Half-wave recti®ed supply: The LED driver shall be operated from a source of supply with a single, appropriately rated semiconductor diode in series with the ungrounded conductor of the supply. Method 3 ± Leading edge phase-cut dimmer: The LED driver shall be operated with an adjustable leading edge phase cut dimmer electrically wired in series with the supply. The dimmer shall not contain any
components in its output circuitry for waveform smoothing. The dimmer shall produce an output waveform with a variable conduction angle similar to that depicted in Figure 8.1.1. This is to be con®rmed by observing the input supply waveform to the LED driver using an oscilloscope. The dimmer shall be adjusted for:
a) Maximum input current, and
b) Maximum input power to the LED driver.
Method 4 ± When an LED driver is marked or otherwise identi®ed for use only with a speci®c dimmer, it shall be con®gured and tested with the dimmer adjusted for:
c) Maximum input current, and
d) Maximum input power to the LED driver.
8.3.20 added September 19, 2013
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Figure 8.1.1
Leading edge phase-cut type dimmer output waveform
Figure 8.1.1 added September 19, 2013
Document Was Downloaded By jeanne han For Use By CHENGDU NETON OPTOELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO LTD 30232 : 6/27/2014 - 9:58 AM 8.3.21 During testing described in 8.3.20, the LED driver input and output supply electrical parameters (V, A, W), including image of the waveforms, are to be recorded. The input current shall comply with 8.2.2.
8.3.21 added September 19, 2013
8.3.22 During testing described in 8.3.20, when possible, the same sample LED driver shall be used for all test methods.
8.3.22 added September 19, 2013
8.4 Dielectric voltage withstand test
8.4.1 The unit shall withstand for one minute, without breakdown, the test potential speci®ed in Table 8.3, using the test equipment speci®ed in 8.4.2 where V is the maximum AC (rms) voltage between the parts under test. If there is excess capacitive leakage current, the capacitors are permitted to be removed or the test may be conducted using a DC potential at 1.414 times the AC potential.
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Table 8.3
Dielectric voltage withstand potential
Applied potential 2V + 1000
Circuit location
Between a secondary circuit operating at no more than 70 V peak and accessible
500 V
dead conductive parts
8.4.2 The dielectric withstand test equipment shall employ a transformer of 500-VA or larger capacity and have a variable output voltage that is essentially sinusoidal or continuous direct current. The applied potential is to be increased from zero at a substantially uniform rate until the required test level is reached, and is to be held at that level for 1 minute.
Exception: A 500-VA or larger capacity transformer is not required if the transformer is provided with a voltmeter to measure directly the applied output potential. 8.5 Abnormal tests 8.5.1 General
8.5.1.1 Each test in this section is to be conducted on a separate sample unless all parties agree that more than one test be conducted on the same sample.
8.5.1.2 During each test, the grounding means, if provided, is to be connected to ground through a 3-A non-time delay fuse, and the unit is to be draped on a softwood surface covered with white tissue paper and draped with a double layer of cheesecloth conforming to the outline of the unit. The white tissue paper shall be nominally 0.001 in (0.025 mm) thick, commonly used for gift wrapping. The cheesecloth shall be untreated cotton cloth running approximately 0.11 oz/ft(34 g/m), with a thread count in the range of 25
2
2
0 33 x 22 ± 30 threads/in (10 ± 13 x 9 ± 12 threads/cm). The unit is to be energized at rated input voltage and frequency. The supply circuit is to be connected in series with a 20 A branch circuit-rated fuse (time delay type), of which the characteristics are such that the fuse does not open in less than 12 s when carrying 40 A.
8.5.1.2 revised October 17, 2012
8.5.1.3 After ultimate results have been obtained for each test, the sample shall be permitted to cool to room temperature and the dielectric voltage withstand test of 8.4 shall be repeated.
8.5.1.4 A risk of ®re or electric shock is considered to exist with any of the following results:
a) Opening of the ground fuse,
b) Charring of the cheesecloth or tissue paper,
c) Emission of ¯ame or molten material from the unit,
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f) Breakdown during the subsequent dielectric voltage withstand test.
Opening of the 20A time delay fuse is acceptable provided none of the other conditions noted in (a) through (f) occurs.
8.5.1.4 revised October 17, 2012
8.5.2 Component failure test
8.5.2.1 A unit shall not exhibit a risk of ®re or electric shock when a simulated short circuit is imposed on electrolytic capacitors or semiconductor devices.
Exception No. 1: Circuits in which maximum power levels have been determined to not exceed 50 W need not be evaluated for component failure.
Exception No. 2: Devices supplied by a source operating within the limits for risk of ®re and electric shock need not
be subject to this test.
8.5.2.1 revised May 22, 2014
8.5.2.2 Each electrolytic capacitor and semiconductor device is to be short circuited, one at a time (one fault per test). Each test shall continue until either the unit is no longer operable, or until conditions are obviously stable (as determined by no visual changes or detectable thermal increase) for at least 30 minutes.
8.5.3 Output loading test
8.5.3.1 An LED driver or controller module shall not exhibit a risk of ®re or electric shock when subjected to the following tests.
8.5.3.2 During the tests of 8.5.3.4 and 8.5.3.5, a circuit protector provided as part of the unit is to remain in the circuit, and a user replaceable fuse is to be replaced by the largest fuse the fuseholder will accept. A manually reset protector is to be operated for 10 cycles and the protector contacts shall be operative upon completion of the test. If an automatic reset protector is provided, or the input current is a value other than zero, the test is to be continued for:
a) 7 hours, or
b) 15 days if required in accordance with 7.11.2.4.
8.5.3.3 For units with more than one output, the remaining outputs are to be open circuited or loaded to rated conditions, whichever results in a more severe operating condition.
8.5.3.4 Each output is to be short-circuited in turn. The temperature on the enclosure shall not exceed 90°C (194° F).
Exception: A temperature of 150°C (302°F) is acceptable if the unit permanently opens within 1 hour after initiation of the test.
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Document Was Downloaded By jeanne han For Use By CHENGDU NETON OPTOELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO LTD 30232 : 6/27/2014 - 9:58 AM 8.5.3.5 Each output is to be overloaded in turn. Each overload condition is to be conducted with the output loaded to a current (IL) equal to the rated current (IR) plus X percent of the difference between the maximum obtainable output current (Imax) and the rated output current (IR). In the tests, the values of X are to be 100, 75, 50, 25, 20, 15, 10, and 5, in that order. If a load current results in continuous operation, further tests need not be conducted. For each test, a variable resistance load is to be adjusted to the required value and readjusted, if necessary, one minute after application of the source of supply.
Exception: The alternate test method of 8.5.4 may be used for units that employ a:
a) Thermal link complying with the Standard for Thermal-Links ± Requirements and Application Guide, UL 60691, or
b) Fuse complying with the Standard for Low-Voltage Fuses ± Part 14: Supplemental Fuses, UL 248-14.
8.5.4 Output loading ± alternate method
8.5.4.1 With reference to the Exception to 8.5.3.5, if the output short circuit test of 8.5.3.4 results in opening of a thermal link or fuse, the alternate method of 8.5.4.2 or 8.5.4.3 may be performed in lieu of
8.5.3.5.
8.5.4.2 If short circuiting causes opening of a thermal link, the device is to be shunted and a thermocouple attached to its body. The load current is to be raised slowly until a temperature equal to the rated trip temperature of the device plus 5°C (9°F) is reached. Without further readjustment of the load, the unit is to be operated for the remainder of the speci®ed time length (7 hours or 15 days, as applicable).
8.5.4.3 If short circuiting causes opening of a fuse, the unit is to be tested with a load current that causes the maximum current to ¯ow in the fused circuit without opening the fuse. The maximum current to be delivered through the fuse is to be determined by the following formula:
IFC = 1.1 (IFR ) [1 + n(0.02)]
in which:
IFC is the fuse overload current, IFR is the fuse current rating, and
n is an integer that causes the unit to run such that IFC is able to be maintained at its continuous maximum current (7 hours or 15 days, as applicable).
8.5.4.4 When conducting this test, at least two load conditions are to be used; one load condition where IFC(n = c)
results in continuous operation, and one load condition where IFC(n = c + 1) results in opening of the fuse prior to the speci®ed time length (7 hours or 15 days, as applicable). Prior to each test, the sample is to be at room temperature.
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8.6 Circuit power limit measurement test
UL 8750 MAY 22, 2014
8.6 revised May 22, 2014
8.6.1 This test shall be used to determine if the power available to a circuit under any loading condition, including short circuit, measured after one minute of operation exceeds a de®ned limit. For the purposes of this test, the limit (for example, 15W or 50W) is referred to as PLIMIT.
8.6.1 revised May 22, 2014
Figure 8.1
Connection of wattmeter
8.6.2 The point in the circuit under evaluation is to be connected to the measurement circuit as shown in Figure 8.1. While the circuit is operating with the anticipated normal load, the external adjustable load resistor is reduced gradually to the point where PLIMIT is being dissipated. The load shall be re-adjusted as needed to maintain PLIMIT for one minute. If PLIMIT cannot be attained and maintained for one minute under any load condition, the test shall be discontinued.
8.6.2 revised May 22, 2014
8.6.3 For a circuit without a designated current limiting device, a circuit component that opens in less than 1 minute at any power delivery level less than PLIMIT and that precludes delivery of PLIMIT for more than one minute is considered to effectively limit the circuit output to less than PLIMIT, if the test can be repeated two additional times on new samples with comparable results.
8.6.3 revised May 22, 2014
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8.6.4 For a circuit with a designated current limiting device, a closed shorting switch is to be connected across the current limiting device and the adjustable resistance is then to be reduced to result in a power dissipation of exactly PLIMIT as indicated by the meter. The switch across the current limiting device is then to be opened and the time required for the device to open is to be recorded. A current limiting device that opens the circuit in less than 1 minute is considered to effectively limit the circuit output to less than PLIMIT.
8.6.4 revised May 22, 2014
8.6.5 If the test is disrupted by the failure of other circuit components (i.e.: capacitor, diode, coil winding, foil trace, etc.) then that test shall be repeated two additional times, with new samples, under the same test condition. Test disruption by opening of the same, or a different, component during these repeated tests is acceptable.
8.6.5 added May 22, 2014
8.6.6 If the supply to the circuit under evaluation consists of other than a single resistor, the test described in this
section shall be repeated under any single component fault conditions within the supply circuit likely to result in greater output power availability. The fault condition shall ®rst be applied, and then the variable resistance load shall be adjusted as needed. A new sample shall be used for each component fault.
Exception: Components whose reliability against failure has been deemed acceptable by a separate investigation shall not be faulted. Examples of such components: Optical isolators evaluated to Standard for Optical Isolators, UL 1577; Capacitors evaluated to Standard for Fixed
Capacitors for Electromagnetic Interference Suppression and Connection to the Supply Mains, UL 60384-14; etc.8.6.6 added May 22, 2014
8.6.7 If there is any indication of component overheating during any of the tests described in 8.6.2 ± 8.6.6 (i.e.: odor, smoke, discoloration, glowing, cracking, melting, or changes in circuit current through the fault), the test condition shall be repeated as part of the Component Failure Test in 8.5.2.
8.6.7 added May 22, 2014
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No Text on This Page
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NOVEMBER 1, 2011
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8.7.1 A unit connected to a branch circuit supply voltage shall be tested in accordance with this section. Leakage current shall not be more than:
a) 0.5 MIU for units connected to a supply voltage of 150 volts or less to ground,
b) 0.75 MIU for units connected to a supply voltage of greater than 150 volts to ground.
Exception: This test can be waived for a remotely-mounted unit connected and grounded via a ®xed supply
connection or if the unit is an integral part of an end-product luminaire with a ®xed supply connection and the end-product standard for the luminaire does not require a leakage current measurement when the supply connection is ®xed.
8.7.1 revised November 1, 2011
8.7.2 All accessible conductive parts are to be tested for leakage currents. Leakage currents from these parts are to be measured to the grounded supply conductor individually as well as collectively if simultaneously accessible, and from one part to another if they can be readily contacted by one or both hands of a person at the same time. These measurements do not apply to terminals operating at voltages that are not considered to involve a risk of electric shock. If all accessible conductive parts are bonded together and connected to the grounding conductor of the power-supply cord, the leakage current can be measured between the grounding conductor of the product and the grounded supply conductor.
8.7.3 If a conductive part other than metal is used for an enclosure or part of an enclosure, leakage current is to be measured using a metal foil with an area of 10 by 20 cm (4 by 8 in) in contact with the surface. If the conductive surface has an area less than 10 by 20 cm (4 by 8 in), the metal foil is to be the same size as the surface. The metal foil is to conform to the shape of the surface but is not to remain in place long enough to affect the temperature of the product.
8.7.4 Typical measurement circuits for leakage current with the ground connection open are illustrated in Figure 8.2. The meter input network is de®ned in Figure 8.3. The meter that is actually used for a measurement need only indicate the same numerical value for a particular measurement as would the de®ned instrument; it need not have all the attributes of the de®ned instrument. Over the frequency range 20 Hz to 1 MHz with sinusoidal currents, the performance of the instrument is to be as follows:
a) The measured ratio V1/I1 with sinusoidal voltages is to be as close as feasible to the ratio
V1/I1 calculated with the resistance and capacitance values of the measurement instrument shown in Figure 8.3.
b) The measured ratio V3/I1 with sinusoidal voltages is to be as close as feasible to the ratio V3/I1
calculated with the resistance and capacitance values of the measurement instrument shown in Figure 8.3. V3 is to be measured by the meter M in the measuring instrument. The reading of meter M in RMS volts can be converted to MIU by dividing the reading by 500 ohm and then multiplying the quotient by 1,000. The mathematic equivalent is to simply multiply the RMS voltage reading by 2.
8.7.4 revised November 1, 2011
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UL 8750
NOVEMBER 1, 2011
Figure 8.2
Circuit for leakage current test
Figure 8.2 revised November 1, 2011
Figure 8.3
Measurement instrument for reaction (leakage) current
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UL 8750
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8.7.5 Unless the measurement instrument is being used to measure leakage current from one part of a unit to another, it is to be connected between accessible parts and the grounded supply conductor.
8.7.6 The sample unit is to be tested for leakage current without prior energization, except as may occur as part of the production-line testing. The supply voltage is to be adjusted to rated voltage. The test sequence is to be as follows, with reference to the Figure 8.2 measurement circuit:
a) With switch S1 open, the unit is to be connected to the measurement circuit. Leakage current is to be measured using both positions of switch S2, and with the unit switching devices in all their normal operating positions.
b) Switch S1 is then to be closed, energizing the unit. Within 5 seconds, the leakage current is to be measured using both positions of switch S2 and with the unit switching devices in all their normal operating positions.
c) Leakage current is to be monitored until thermal stabilization. Both positions of switch S2 are to be used in determining this measurement. Thermal stabilization is to be obtained by operation as in the normal temperature test.
8.7.7 Using a commercially available meter having the network shown in Figure 8.3 or built to conform to the Standard for Leakage Current for Appliances, ANSI C101, meets the intent of these requirements. The meter is to be set to ª
reactionº curve. 8.7.7 added November 1, 2011
8.8 Cord strain and pushback relief test
8.8.1 A ¯exible cord that relies on a strain relief mechanism to limit the stress applied to internal connections shall be subject to a pulling force of 156 N (35 lbf) applied for 1 min in a direction perpendicular to the plane of entrance into the unit.
8.8.2 Following the test of 8.8.1, the supply cord is to be gripped 25.4 mm (1 in) from the point where it emerges from the product. When a removable bushing that extends further than 25.4 mm (1 in) is present, it is to be removed prior to the test. When the bushing is an integral part of the cord, the test is to be carried out by holding the bushing. The cord is to be pushed back into the product in 25.4-mm (1-in) increments until the cord buckles, or the force applied exceeds 26.7 N (6 lbf).
8.8.3 A lead wire that leaves the enclosure and that relies on a strain relief mechanism to limit the stress applied to internal connections shall be subject to an applied force of N (20 lbf) or four times the weight of the unit, whichever is less but not less than 22 N (5 lbf), for a period of 1 minute.
8.8.4 The results of 8.8.1 ± 8.8.3 shall exhibit no:
a) Movement of the ¯exible cord more than 1.6 mm (0.063 in),
b) Movement of a lead wire that indicates stress was applied to internal connections,
c) Damage to conductors, connectors, or other components, or loosening of connections inside the enclosure of the unit, or
d) Exposure of the supply cord or lead wire to temperatures higher than for what they are rated.
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46 UL 8750 NOVEMBER 1, 2011
NOT
8.9 Security of output terminals
8.9.1 A wire-binding screw terminal having fewer threads or lesser thickness than required by 7.4.2.3.5, or that relies upon a lockwasher to prevent turning per 7.4.2.3.7, shall be subject to 100 cycles of conductor connection and disconnection as described in 8.9.2.
8.9.1 revised November 1, 2011
8.9.2 The appropriate wires are to be inserted, and the tightening torque speci®ed in Table 8.4 is to be applied for 10 seconds to the terminals. The screw terminals are then to be loosened fully. Following 100 cycles, the screw terminals shall not turn or exhibit any signs of damage.
Size of terminal screw mm No. 3.5 6 8.9.2 revised November 1, 2011
Table 8.4
Tightening torque for wire-binding screws
Wire sizes to be tested (mm2) AWG (1.3 ± 0.32)a 16 ± 22 (2.1)b 14 (1.3 ± 0.32)a 16 ± 22 (5.3 ± 2.1)b 10 ± 14 (1.3 ± 0.32)a 16 ± 22 Tightening torque N·m (lbf·in) 1.4 (12) 4.0 5.0 a Stranded 8 10 1.8 2.3 (16) (20)
b Solid wire
8.10 Insulation-piercing connection thermal cycling test
8.10.1 Six units shall be assembled to conductors of the size and type for which they are intended. The temperature of the insulation-piercing terminal connections shall be monitored continuously for seven hours while carrying the maximum rated load. The units shall then be subject to 180 cycles at a rate of 3-1/2 hours on and 1/2 hour off (the off-cycle time may be extended for the convenience of measurement), while continuing to monitor the temperatures of the insulation-piercing terminal connections. After the last cycle, the units shall be energized for a period of seven hours, while still monitoring temperatures.
8.10.2 Temperatures of the insulation-piercing terminal connections on each LED unit at the end of the test shall not be more than 30°C (°F) higher than the temperatures measured on the same unit after the initial seven hours of operation. At no point during the testing shall the temperature of any insulation-piercing terminal connection exceed 90°C (194°F).
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8.11 Adhesive support test
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8.11.1 An adhesive relied upon to secure a part to another part shall have sufficient strength to withstand a pulling force equal to ®ve times the weight of the supported part after the conditioning described in
8.11.2.
8.11.2 The adhesive secured parts shall be conditioned at 23°C (73.4°F) for 48 hours. They shall then be placed in an air-circulating oven at the temperature and for the time speci®ed by Table 8.5. The adhesive rating temperature shall be based on results from the temperature test of 8.3; the associated conditioning time shall be by mutual agreement of the parties.
Table 8.5
Adhesive support oven temperature and time
Adhesive rating, °C Oven temperature, °C 300 h (12.5 d) 720 h (30 d)1000 h (42 d)1440 h (60 d) 60 125 115 110100 75 145 135 125 110 90 160 150 140130 105 180 170160 145 130 200 190 180170 155 220 195 180 245 215205 235 230220 200 280 265255 245 220 295 285 275 265 240N/A300 290280 8.11.3 After conditioning, the sample is to be removed from the oven and allowed to cool to room temperature. A separating force shall then be evenly applied for one minute, perpendicular to the primary axis of the adhesive joint. The parts shall remain secured together. 8.12 Environmental tests
8.12.1 Humidity exposure
8.12.1.1 A unit intended for use in damp or wet locations shall be exposed for 168 hours to moist air having a relative humidity of 88 2 percent at a temperature of 32.0 2.0°C (.63.6°F).
8.12.1.2 Following the conditioning period, a unit intended for wet locations is to be tested for water exposure in accordance with 8.12.2. A unit intended only for damp locations is to be subject to the dielectric voltage withstand test of 8.4.
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8.12.2 Water exposure
8.12.2.1 A unit intended for use in wet locations shall be subjected to a simulated rain produced in accordance with 8.12.2.4 ± 8.12.2.6.
8.12.2.2 After the exposure, outer surfaces shall be dried and the dielectric voltage withstand test of 8.4 shall be repeated. There shall be no breakdown as a result of the dielectric voltage withstand test.
8.12.2.3 After the dielectric voltage withstand test of 8.4, the unit shall be carefully opened to determine if water entered. There shall be no water in contact with electrical parts, except for components suitable for the condition.
8.12.2.4 During the test the unit is to be oriented in the position that is most likely to result in the wetting of live parts, or in accordance with orientation markings speci®cally provided for the purpose.
8.12.2.5 The rain test apparatus shall consist of three spray heads mounted in a water supply pipe rack as shown in Figure 8.4. Spray heads are to be constructed in accordance with the details shown in Figure 8.5. The assembly is to be positioned in the focal area of the spray heads so that the greatest quantity of water is likely to enter the component. The water pressure is to be maintained at 34.5 kPa (5 psi) at each spray head.
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NOVEMBER 18, 2009UL 875049
Figure 8.4 Spray head piping
Item mm (in) A 710 (28) B 1400 (55) C 55 (2.25) D 230 (9) E75 (3)
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Figure 8.5
Spray head assembly
Itemmm(in)Item mm (in) A31.00 (1.219) M2.38(0.094)B 11.00 (0.438) N0.80 (0.031) C 14.00 (0.563) P 14.61 ± 14.63 (0.575 ± 0.576) D 14.68 ± 14.73(0.578 ± 0.580)Q 11.51 ± 11.53 (0.453 ± 0.4) E 0.40 (0.016)R 6.35 (0.250) F Optional Optional S 0.80 (0.031) G 1.52 (0.060) T 2.80 (0.110) H 5.00 (0.196) U 2.50 (0.980) J 18.30(0.719)V 16.00(0.625)K 3.97(0.156) W 1.52(0.060) L6.35(0.250) UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL –
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OCTOBER 17, 2012UL 8750
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8.12.2.6 The assembly shall be subjected to the water spray for a total of 4 hours. During the 4 hours the assembly is to be energized and de-energized in the following sequence:
Test duration, h Test period, h Operational0 ± 1.0 1.0 WaterOn Off1.0 ± 1.5 0.5OffOn1.5 ± 3.5 2.0 On On 3.5 ± 4.0 0.5 Off On
8.13 Mechanical strength tests for metal enclosures
8.13.1 An enclosure part of thickness less than required by Table 6.1 shall withstand the two tests, in sequence, described in 8.13.2 and 8.13.3:
a) Without permanent distortion to the extent that spacings are reduced below the values speci®ed in 7.8,
b) Without transient distortion that results in contact with live parts other than those connected in a Class 2 or LVLE circuit, and
c) Without development of openings that expose parts that involve a risk of electric shock or injury. Any openings resulting from the test are to be judged under the requirements for accessibility of 7.2.
8.13.2 The enclosure part is to be subjected to a 111 N (25 lbf) for 1 minute. The force is to be applied by means of a steel hemisphere 12.7 mm (1/2 in) in diameter.
8.13.3 The enclosure part is to be subjected to an impact of 6.8 J (5 ft-lb). The impact is to be applied by means of a smooth, solid, steel sphere 50.8 mm (2 in) in diameter and having 535 g (1.18 lb) mass. The sphere is to fall freely from rest through a vertical distance of 1.29 m (51 in).
8.14 Determination of low-voltage, limited-energy circuit status
8.14.1 When evaluated per 8.14.2 ± 8.14.4, a circuit is be considered low-voltage, limited-energy when, one minute after operation, its supply source does not exceed:
a) 8 amps for a voltage up to 42.4 V peak ac or 30 V dc, or
b) 150/V amps for a voltage between 30 ± 60 V dc.
8.14.2 The input to the source under evaluation shall be connected as intended in the end product. The output to the circuit under evaluation shall be connected to a variable resistance load. If the source under evaluation has multiple outputs, all other outputs shall be open-circuited. The output voltage to the circuit under evaluation shall ®rst be
measured under open circuit conditions. The variable resistance load on the output under test shall then be adjusted from open circuit to short circuit until an available current of 8 A can be obtained and sustained for one minute of operation. If 8 A cannot be sustained for one minute under any condition of load, the test shall be discontinued.
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8.14.3 When a secondary fuse or similar device is used to limit the output current to the circuit under evaluation, it shall be rated as indicated in Table 8.6. Any value may be used for a primary fuse; however, the maximum available output current levels shall be maintained. A fuse replacement marking (voltage and current rating) shall be provided
adjacent to any fuse relied upon to limit the output current level, per 9.3.2.
Table 8.6
Output limiting secondary fuse
Open circuit potential, Vpeak or DC Maximum fuse rating, amps0 ± 20 5.0 > 20 ± 60 100 / Vpeak or DC 8.14.4 When a ®xed impedance or regulating network is used to limit the voltage and/or current, it shall limit the
voltage and current accordingly under any single component fault condition.
8.15 Knockout secureness test
8.15 added October 17, 2012
8.15.1 A force of 44 N (10 lbf) shall be applied to a knockout for 1 min by means of a 6.4 mm (0.25 in) diameter mandrel with a ¯at end. The force shall be applied to the exterior surface of the knockout, in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the knockout, and at the point most likely to result in movement.
8.15.2 The knockout shall remain in place, and the clearance between the knockout and the opening shall be no more than 1.6 mm (0.063 in) when measured after the force has been removed.
8.16 Thermal aging test
8.16 added October 17, 2012
8.16.1 LED packages with insulating materials, as described in 7.6.2(e), are aged in a full-draft oven at a temperature and time chosen from the graph in Figure 8.6 using the index line that corresponds to the maximum junction temperature as speci®ed by the manufacturer. All samples shall be conditioned for 1000 hours unless otherwise agreed by all concerned. LED packages shall not be subjected to conditioning less than 300 hours. Three
representative samples are tested. After this oven conditioning, all three samples shall withstand the Dielectric Voltage tests described in 8.4.
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OCTOBER 17, 2012UL 8750
52A
Figure 8.6
Oven conditioning time versus oven temperature for temperature index for insulating materials
8.16.2 The air oven is to be essentially as indicated in the Standard Speci®cation for Forced-Convection Laboratory Ovens for Evaluation of Electrical Insulation, ASTM D 23, (Type II ovens) and the Standard Test Methods for
Forced-Convection Laboratory Ovens for Evaluation of Electrical Insulation, ASTM D 5374. A portion of the air may be recirculated, but a substantial amount of air is to be admitted continuously to maintain an essentially normal air content surrounding the representative LED package. The oven is to be adjusted to achieve 100 ± 150 complete fresh-air changes per hour. 9 Markings
9.1 General
9.1.1 A unit intended to be used in an application identi®ed by one of the standards speci®ed in 1.3 shall comply with the marking requirements of that standard. If an end-use application is not speci®ed or identi®ed, or if a construction or performance related marking of the unit is not covered by the identi®ed standard, the unit shall comply with the marking requirements of this section.
9.1.2 A marking shall be legible, with minimum 1.6 mm (0.062 in) lettering and use one or more of the following methods:
a) Lettering on a pressure-sensitive label,
b) Paint stenciled lettering,
c) Ink-stamped machine lettering,
d) Ink-hand-stamped lettering,
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UL 8750
OCTOBER 17, 2012
e) Indelibly printed lettering,
f) Die-stamped lettering,
g) Embossed, molded, or cast lettering, raised or recessed a minimum of 0.010 in (0.25 mm) in depth,
h) Etched lettering,
i) Ink-jet lettering,
j) Laser engraving, or
k) Silk screening and transfer printing.
9.1.2 revised October 17, 2012
9.1.3 Pressure-sensitive labels and nameplates of the permanent type that are secured by adhesive shall comply with the Standard for Marking and Labeling Systems, UL 969, and be suitable for the mounting surface material and temperature involved, and the environment to which it will be subjected.
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9.2 Identi®cation and ratings
9.2.1 All units shall bear the following markings:
a) Company name,
b) Model designation,
c) Factory identi®cation or code, for any component produced or assembled at more than one factory, and
d) Date of manufacture.
9.2.2
A power source integrated with a controller or LED array or both shall be provided with markings (a) through (c) below. A power source packaged separately from the controller or LED array or both shall be provided with markings (a) through (d):
a) Environmental suitability (dry, damp, or wet location),
b) Input voltage,
c) Input current and power factor, or input wattage, and
d) Rated output voltage and current (or wattage).
9.2.3 Each output of a power source or controller intended to supply a Class 2 circuit shall comply with 7.12 and be marked ªClass 2.º
9.2.4 An LED controller shall be marked with the following:
a) Environmental suitability (dry, damp, or wet location),
b) Input limitations (i.e., Class 2 input only), if applicable,
c) Input voltage,
d) Input current or wattage, and
e) Rated output voltage and current (or wattage).
A wiring diagram and any additional information necessary for proper connection of the LED controller to the intended LED load(s) shall also be provided with a controller. This may be on a separate instruction sheet. 9.2.5 An LED array, module, or package shall be marked with the following:
a) Environmental suitability (dry, damp, or wet location), b) Input limitations (i.e., Class 2 input only), if applicable, c) Input voltage, and d) Rated current or wattage.
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UL 8750 SEPTEMBER 19, 2013
9.3 Construction-related markings
9.3.1 A unit that employs push-in terminals shall be provided with installation instructions containing the following information:
a) For releasing the wire from the terminal connection,
b) The intended wire size(s),
c) Whether the terminal is intended for both solid and stranded or just solid wire,
d) The length to strip the insulation from conductors, and
e) The terminal relationship to the internal circuitry.
9.3.2 Where required, a fuse replacement marking shall be provided on or adjacent to the fuseholder, and shall identify the appropriate fuse type and ampere rating.
9.3.3 When the temperature on any surface within a terminal compartment or splice compartment exceeds 60°C (140°F) during the temperature test of 8.3, a unit shall be marked with the following statement or the equivalent, located so that it is readily visible when connections are made: ªFor Connections Use Wire Rated for at Least _____,º in which the temperature is to be either 75°C (167°F) or 90°C (194°F) as determined by the temperature test.
9.3.4 An LED driver that complies with test methods 1, 2, and 3 in 8.3.20 is permitted to be marked ªdimmable.º The manufacturer is also permitted to identify the LED driver as ªdimmableº in the accompanying documents. When either marking is provided, the accompanying documents shall identify that dimming refers to a solid-state electronic dimming control that is electrically wired in series with the mains supply.
9.3.4 added September 19, 2013
Document Was Downloaded By jeanne han For Use By CHENGDU NETON OPTOELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGIES CO LTD 30232 : 6/27/2014 - 9:58 AM 9.3.5 An LED driver that complies with test methods 1 and 4 in 8.3.20 is permitted to be marked ªdimmable ± use only dimmer model(s) xxx made by xxxº or equivalent. The manufacturer is also permitted to include ªdimmable ± use only dimmer model(s) xxx made by xxxº or equivalent in the accompanying documents.
9.3.5 added September 19, 2013
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NOVEMBER 18, 2009UL 8750
A1
APPENDIX A
Standards for Components
Standards under which components of the products covered by this standard are evaluated include the following: Title of Standard − UL Standard Designation
Attachment Plugs and Receptacles ± UL 498 Capacitors ± UL 810
Capacitors and Suppressors for Radio- and Television-Type Appliances ± UL 1414 Circuit Cables, Power-Limited ±
UL 13 Component Connectors for Use in Data, Signal, Control and Power Applications ± UL 1977 Cords and Cables, Flexible ±
UL 62 Cord Sets and Power-Supply Cords ±
UL 817 Electrical Quick-Connect Terminals ± UL 310 Extruded Insulating Tubing ± UL 224 Fluorescent-Lamp Ballasts ± UL 935
Fuseholders ± Part 1: General Requirements ± UL 4248-1 Fuseholders ± Part 4: Class CC ± UL 4248-4 Fuseholders ± Part 5: Class G ± UL 4248-5
Fuseholders ±
Part 6: Class H ± UL 4248-6 Fuseholders ±
Part 8: Class J ± UL 4248-8 Fuseholders ±
Part 9: Class K ± UL 4248-9 Fuseholders ± Part 11: Type C (Edison Base) and Type S Plug Fuse ± UL 4248-11 Fuseholders ± Part 12: Class R ±
UL 4248-12 Fuseholders ±
Part 15: Class T ± UL 4248-15 Information Technology Equipment ±
Safety ± Part 1: General Requirements ± UL 60950-1 Insulation Coordination Including Clearances and Creepage Distances for Electrical Equipment ± UL 840 Lampholders ± UL 496
Low Voltage Fuses ±
Part 14: Supplemental Fuses ± UL 248-14 Low Voltage Transformers ±
Part 1: General Requirements ± UL 5085-1 Low Voltage Transformers ± Part 2: General Purpose Transformers ± UL 5085-2 Low Voltage Transformers ± Part 3: Class 2 and Class 3 Transformers ± UL 5085-3 Marking and Labeling Systems ±
UL 969 Optical Isolators ±
UL 1577 Polymeric Materials ±
Fabricated Parts ± UL 746D Polymeric Materials ± Industrial Laminates, Filament Wound Tubing, Vulcanized Fibre, and Materials Used In Printed-Wiring Boards ±
UL 746E Polymeric Materials ±
Long Term Property Evaluations ± UL 746B Polymeric Materials ± Short Term Property Evaluations ± UL 746A Polymeric Materials ± Use in Electrical Equipment Evaluations ± UL 746C Power Units Other Than Class 2 ± UL 1012
Power Units, Class 2 ±
UL 1310 Printed-Wiring Boards ±
UL 796 Protectors for Use in Electrical Equipment, Supplementary ± UL 1077 Single- and Multi-Layer Insulated Winding Wire ±
UL 2353 Switches for Lighting Control, Nonindustrial Photoelectric ± UL 773A Switches, Special-Use ±
UL 10 or Switches for Appliances ±
Part 1: General Requirements ± UL 61058-1
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Systems of Insulating Materials ± General ± UL 1446 Temperature-Indicating and -Regulating Equipment ±
UL 873 Terminal Blocks ± UL 1059 Tests for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances ± UL 94 Thermal-Links ± Requirements and Application Guide ± UL 60691 Thermistor-Type Devices ±
UL 1434 Transformers, Dry-Type General Purpose and Power ±
UL 1561 Transformers and Motor Transformers for Use in Audio-, Radio- and Television-Type Appliances ±
UL 1411 Wire Connectors ±
UL 486A-486B Wires and Cables, Thermoplastic-Insulated ± UL 83 Wiring Materials, Appliance ± UL 758
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OCTOBER 17, 2012
APPENDIX B
UL 8750
B1
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Additional Requirements for Power Supplies that Comply with UL 60950-1 This Appendix provides additional instructions regarding application of 4.1(b).
Power supplies that comply with the Standard for Information Technology Equipment ± Safety ± Part 1: General Requirements, UL 60950-1, ful®ll the requirements of this standard for LED drivers except for the construction,
performance, and marking criteria noted below. Meeting these requirements is necessary for an ITE-compliant power supply. Based on the speci®c application, as well as the construction, markings, and prior testing, not all of these paragraphs may apply.
5.2 5.3 5.3 6.3.2, Table 6.2 UL 8750 reference Description of requirement Humidity testing for products marked for Damp location Humidity testing for products marked for Wet location Water exposure testing for products marked for Wet location Polymeric enclosures for products marked for Damp or Wet locations, footnote c of Table 6.2 Polymeric enclosures for products marked for Wet locations, UV Resistance Enclosure openings Asphalt potting compounds Permissible power limited circuit wiring types Unthreaded conduit entry openings ± Opening sizes and area of ¯at surface around the opening Permissible constructions for ®eld wiring openings Field wiring terminals ± Push-in terminals Cord connected devices and power supplies ± 18 AWG minimum supply cord gauge Cord connected devices and power supplies ± Supply cord types for handheld devices Cord connected devices and power supplies ± Surface marking ªWº or ªWater Resistantº on supply cords for products marked for Wet locations Insulation piercing terminals for non Class 2/LVLE circuits Minimum ratings for ¯exible cords and wires used with Insulation piercing terminals Testing per 8.10 and 8.3 for non Class 2/LVLE circuits that use insulation piercing connections Printed wiring board over surface distances for products marked for Wet location, Table 7.4 Resistors that bridge primary ± secondary are not allowed. Temperature test, Ambient test temperatures, Table 7.4 Leakage current ± three-wire cord- and plug-connected products Markings ± minimum letter height Identi®cation and ratings ± item d, date of manufacture Identi®cation and ratings ± item a, environmental suitability Surface temperature markings for push-in terminals 6.3.2, Table 6.2 6.4 6.7.2 7.4.1.2 7.4.2.1.3, Table 7.1 7.4.2.1.6, 7.4.2.1.7 7.4.2.4 7.4.3.5 7.4.3.6 7.4.3.6 7.4.4.4.1 7.4.4.4.2 7.4.4.4.3 7.7.3 7.9.2 8.3.1 8.7.1(b) and 8.7.1(c), Figure 8.2 9.1.2 9.2.1 9.2.2 9.3 In addition the table below provides information regarding de®ned terms from the Standard for Information Technology Equipment ± Safety ± Part 1: General Requirements, UL 60950-1, that are considered equivalent to de®ned terms in UL 8750.
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B2UL 8750OCTOBER 17, 2012
UL 8750 reference UL 60950-1-equivalent de®nition LVLE ± Isolated Low Voltage Limited Energy Circuit LPS ± Limited Power Source Class 2 Circuit Class 2 circuit Risk of Electric Shock SELV ± Safety Extra Low Voltage
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Superseded requirements for the Standard for
Light Emitting Diode (LED) Equipment for Use in Lighting Products
UL 8750, First Edition
The requirements shown are the current requirements that have been superseded by requirements in revisions issued for this Standard. To retain the current requirements, do not discard the following requirements until the future effective dates are reached.
5.2 A unit intended for damp locations shall be:
a) Subjected to the environmental tests of 8.12 unless all live parts and traces on the printed wiring board are potted (see 6.7) or conformal coated (see 7.7.2), and
b) Eligible to be marked as suitable for damp locations, and not be provided with any information such as markings, instructions, or illustrations that implies or depicts wet use.
Exception: A circuit operating at voltage levels below those that present a risk of electric shock per 3.24 is not required
to be subjected to environmental tests.
5.3 A unit intended for use in wet locations shall:
a) Be subjected to the environmental tests of 8.12 unless all live parts and traces on the printed wiring board are potted (see 6.7) or conformal coated (see 7.7.2), and
b) If provided with a polymeric enclosure, comply with the UV Light Exposure and Cold Impact Test of the Standard for Polymeric Materials ± Use in Electrical Equipment Evaluations, UL 746C, and
c) Be eligible to be marked as suitable for wet locations.
Exception: A circuit operating at Class 2 or LVLE power levels in which voltage levels are below those that present a risk of electric shock per 3.24 is not required to be subjected to parts (a) and (b) above.
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