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一般过去时详细讲解

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一般过去式The past Indefinite tense

一、概念：1、过去的状态：

肯定句：主语+ was/were+(形容词、名词、介词短语)。

否定形式：主语+ was/were +not +(形容词、名词、介词短语)。

一般疑问句形式：was/were+主语+(形容词、名词、介词短语)

Yes,主语+was/were. No,主语+wasn’t/weren’t.

特殊疑问句句式：疑问词+ was/were+主语+(形容词、名词、介词短语)

* 单数三人成和I 用，was;复数人称和you 用were。

2、过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为：

肯定句：主语+ V过去式 +宾语 +时间状语、地点状语。

否定形式：主语+ did +not +宾语 +时间状语、地点状语。

一般疑问句形式：Did +主语 + V原型 +宾语 +时间状语/地点状语

Yes,主语+did. No,主语+didn’t

特殊疑问句句式：疑问词+Did +主语 + V原型 +宾语 +时间状语/地点状语

二、四种时间状语：

① yesterday及相关短语。

例如：yesterday morning/afternoon/evening ，the day before yesterday,

② “last+ 时间状语”构成的短语。

例如：last Monday .../last night/month/spring/year 昨晚/上个月/去年春天/去年。

③ “一段时间+ago”组成的短语。

例如：three days ago 三天以前 four years ago四年以前。

④ “介词+ 时间名词”组成的短语。

例如：in 1999 在1999年；on the morning of December 25th 在12月25号早上。

还有一些过去时常用的时间状语：

just now, at the age of 5, one day, long ago, once upon a time(很久以前), at that time,before, a few days ago, when，the other day（前几天），When I was 8 years old（当我八岁时…），etc.

三、过去时用法：

① 表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。

例如：I went to school at 7:00 yesterday morning.我昨天早晨七点去上学。

② 表示在过去某个时间存在的状态。

例如：She was not at home last night.她昨晚八点没在家。

③ 表示在过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often(经常)、always(总是)、sometimes

(有时)等表示频率的时间状语连用。

例如：He often had lunch at school last month.他上个月经常在学校吃午饭。

④ 表示已故的人所做的事情或情况。

例如：Ba Jin wrote a lot of novels for us.巴金写了很多部小说。

四种谓语动词的表现形式

① 行为动词的过去式，分为规则动词和不规则动词两种。规则动词的过去式的构成遵循以下四个规则：

1）直接在动词后加ed，例如：help-helped; want-wanted等；

2）以不发音的字母e结尾时，去掉e加ed (即直接加d) , 例如：like-liked；

3）以辅音字母y结尾时，把y变成i再加ed, 例：carry-carried; study-studied等；

4）以重读闭音节结尾，双写最后一个辅音字母再加ed, 例如：stop-stopped; shop-shopped等。而不规则动词的过去式则需要我们认真下工夫去记了，例如：go-went; come-came; buy-bought等。

② 情态动词的过去式+动词原形。

例如：I could swim at the age of five. 我五岁时就会游泳了

五、 AAA型（过去式、过去分词与原形一致）

原形过去式过去分词词义

cut cut cut 切、割

shut shut shut 关、闭（门窗）

put put put 放置

let let let 让

set set set 设置

hit hit hit 撞击

hurt hurt hurt 受伤；疼痛

cost cost cost 值…钱；花费

read [ri:d] read [red] read [red] 朗读；阅读

AAB型过去式与原形一致

beat beat beaten 击败

run come become buy fight think seek bring ran came became bought fought thought sought brought ABA型过去分词与原形一致

run come become ABB型过去式与过去分词一致

bought fought thought sought brought 跑步；逃跑

来

变得；成为买

打架；打仗

想；认为

寻找；探究

带来

catch caught caught 抓住；接住

teach taught taught 教；教书

lend lent lent 借出

send spend build feel leave keep sleep oversleep sweep mean [mi:n] learn sent spent built felt left kept slept overslept swept meant [ment] learnt / learned sent spent built felt left kept slept overslept swept meant [ment] learnt /learned 送；派遣

花费（时间、金钱）建设；建立

感觉；摸起来

离开

保持；保留

睡觉

睡过头

打扫

意思是

学；学会

burn burnt / burned burnt / burned 燃烧；烧伤

hear [hiE] heard [hE:d] heard [hE:d] 听见

lead led led 领导；致使

mislead feed flee meet shoot light get win sit dig stick misled fed fled met shot lit / lighted got won sat dug stuck misled fed fled met shot lit / lighted got won sat dug stuck 把…引错方向

喂养；喂食

逃跑

遇见；碰到

射击

点燃

获得；得到

获胜；赢得

坐下

挖掘

刺；戳

hang hung hung 悬挂

hang hanged hanged 绞死

sell sold sold 出售

tell smell spell hold find stand understand lay pay say [sei] have /has told smelt spelt held found stood understood laid paid said [sed] had told smelt spelt held found stood understood laid paid said [sed] had 告诉

闻；嗅

拼写

拿着；握住

找到；发现

站立

理解

下蛋,平放

付款

说

有

make made made 制作

shine shone / shined shone / shined 照耀

lose [lu:z] lost [lRst] lost [lRst] 丢失

begin drink ring sing sink swim blow fly know grow ABC型 began drank rang sang sank swam blew flew knew [nju:] grew 原形、过去式、过去分词不一致

begun 开始

drunk 喝；饮

rung 铃（响）；打电话

sung 唱歌

sunk 下沉

swum 游泳

blown 吹；刮风

flown 飞；放（风筝） known 知道；懂得

grown 种植；生长

throw threw thrown 扔；投

draw drew drawn 绘画

show showed shown 出示；给…看

break speak steal choose freeze wake forget take mistake shake eat broke spoke stole chose froze woke forgot took mistook shook ate broken spoken stolen chosen frozen woke / woken forgotten taken mistaken shaken eaten 打破；不服从

说话

偷

选择

冻结

醒来；唤醒

忘记

拿走

错拿

摇动；握（手）吃

fall fell fallen 落下；摔倒

rise rose risen [rizn] 上升；上涨

drive drove driven [drivn] 驾驶

give forgive see ride hide bite forbid write bear tear wear gave forgave saw rode hid bit forbade / forbad wrote bore tore wore given forgiven seen ridden hidden bitten forbidden written born torn worn 给

原谅

看见

骑（车、马）

躲藏

咬

禁止；不许

书写

忍受

撕破

穿、戴（衣帽等）

am / is was been 是

are were been 是

do / does did done 做

go went gone 去

lie lay lain 躺；卧

情态动词的过去式

must must 必须

can could 能够；会

shall should 应当

will would 将；会

一、请在仔细诊断每个句子后，把正确的句子写在横线上。

1. We were go to school early yesterday.

2. She was buy a dress last week.

3. Did you liked playing football you have a good trip -No, I didn’t.

5. We didn’t flew kites last month.

is Jane yesterday _________________________________________

go to school by bus last week. ________________________________

goes home at 6:00 last month. ________________________________

can fly kites seven years ago. ___________________________________

you saw him just now. _______________________________________

wasn't watch TV last night. ________________________________

did not my homework yesterday. _______________________________

13. He wait for you three hours ago. _________________________________

find it just now __________________________________________

二、请将下列的汉语句子翻译成正确的英语。

1、你昨晚去哪了_______________________________________

2、我去了王府井的一家商店。_____________________________

3、李明前天想给妈妈买件大衣，但他没有太多的钱。

4、我们去年在南京玩得不快乐。_______________________________

5．我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。

6．他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。 7．一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。

8. 格林先生去年住在中国。

9. 昨天我们参观了农场。

10. 他刚才在找他的手机。

三、按要求转化句型

1. The children had a good time in the park.

否定句：__________________________________________

一般疑问句：________________________________________